@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 1735-7675 Kowsar Medical Journal 2010;15(1):1-9
ISSN: 1735-7675 Kowsar Medical Journal 2010;15(1):1-9
Comparison of protective effects of N-acetyl-cysteine and Hexamethylenetetramine on sulfur mustard induced pathological effects in human skin fibroblast cell line HF2FF using electron microscope
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Saberi M. ()Zare’ei Mahmuodabadi A. (1)
Pirzad Jahromi J. (2)
() “Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine” & “Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
(1) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
(2) Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Address: “Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine” & “Chemical Injuries Research Center”, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranPhone:
Fax:
m_s_saber@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: February 13, 2008Accepted: September 10, 2008
ePublished:
ABSTRACT
Aims
In this study the protective effect of hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) were compared against sulfur mustard (HD) on human skin fibroblast cells line HF2FF.
Materials & Methods The effects of HD (180 µM) and simultaneous or pre treatment with HMT (15 µM) and NAC (0.1 mM) on cell death and cell organelles were investigated using electronic microscope.
Results The HMT and NAC prevented cell death more than 50% and about 35%, respectively. EM observation revealed that HD caused destruction of cell membrane and organelles (mitochondria, lysosome, etc.) and cell necrosis signs. HMT caused an increase in normal cells with intact lysosomes, but the reticulum endoplasmic and Golgi bodies were partially vacuolated and the Struma of some mitochondria was lost. In NAC group mitochondria were concentrated. Cytoplasm was not normal and nuclear had some signs of vacuolization, but destruction was less than control and cell organelles such as Golgi bodies and lysosomes remained intact.
Conclusion HD induces the destructive effects immediately after exposure and pretreatment is the most effective way. Application of either HMT or NAC strongly prevents the cell death and the organelles changes. The protective effect of HMT against the cell death is higher than NAC’s.
Materials & Methods The effects of HD (180 µM) and simultaneous or pre treatment with HMT (15 µM) and NAC (0.1 mM) on cell death and cell organelles were investigated using electronic microscope.
Results The HMT and NAC prevented cell death more than 50% and about 35%, respectively. EM observation revealed that HD caused destruction of cell membrane and organelles (mitochondria, lysosome, etc.) and cell necrosis signs. HMT caused an increase in normal cells with intact lysosomes, but the reticulum endoplasmic and Golgi bodies were partially vacuolated and the Struma of some mitochondria was lost. In NAC group mitochondria were concentrated. Cytoplasm was not normal and nuclear had some signs of vacuolization, but destruction was less than control and cell organelles such as Golgi bodies and lysosomes remained intact.
Conclusion HD induces the destructive effects immediately after exposure and pretreatment is the most effective way. Application of either HMT or NAC strongly prevents the cell death and the organelles changes. The protective effect of HMT against the cell death is higher than NAC’s.
Keywords:
Sulfur Mustard,
HF2FF Fibroblast Cell Line,
Hexamethylene Tetramine,
N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC),
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