@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2538-4384 Geographical Researches 2021;36(2):217-232
ISSN: 2538-4384 Geographical Researches 2021;36(2):217-232
A Spatial Model for Assessing Urban Sewage Network Accidents in Cities with Historical Context A Case Study of Isfahan
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Katiraei F. (1)Gharagozlu A. (*2)
Alesheikh AA. (3)
Hemmasi AH. (4)
(*2) Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Faculty of Civil, water and environmental engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
(1) Department of GIS and RS, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, cience and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,, Tehran, Iran
(3) Department of Geospatial Information System, Faculty of Geodesy and Geomatic Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
(4) Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources & Environment, Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Shahid Beheshti University, Shahid Shahriari Square, Evin, Tehran, Iran Postal code:1983969411Phone: +98 (21)73932450
Fax: +98 (21)77313062
a_gharagozlo@sbu.ac.ir
Article History
Received: December 9, 2021Accepted: February 20, 2021
ePublished: June 16, 2021
ABSTRACT
Aims & Backgrounds
The expansion of cities in recent years has led to an increase in uncontrolled construction around historic buildings and as a result has caused problems such as moisture leakage into the foundations of historic buildings. Isfahan province with more historic buildings It is the first city in 400 years that the sewerage network has been implemented. In recent years, some of these works have been exposed to moisture from old and dilapidated facilities. Therefore, overcoming this problem requires designing a spatial model based on smart technology in the operation of the municipal sewage network.
Methodology This model was designed based on the combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) based on the Getis ord GI* index. After combining the results of this combination with statistical analysis, using non-parametric Kendall and Spearman tests, wastewater accidents and their probability of occurrence in the context of historical regions were evaluated.
Findings This model is capable of evaluating previous sewage accidents and predicting the possibility of future accidents in the historical regions of the cities. Such a model has an empirical nature and as a result, can be updated in the event of an accident in the future. The combination of the Analytical hierarchy process and the Getis ord Gi* index is a special feature of this research.
Conclusion In the study area, soil type, inappropriate infrastructure, worn sewer pipes, small diameter pipes, and population density were identified as the most important causes of accidents in the sewerage network.
Methodology This model was designed based on the combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) based on the Getis ord GI* index. After combining the results of this combination with statistical analysis, using non-parametric Kendall and Spearman tests, wastewater accidents and their probability of occurrence in the context of historical regions were evaluated.
Findings This model is capable of evaluating previous sewage accidents and predicting the possibility of future accidents in the historical regions of the cities. Such a model has an empirical nature and as a result, can be updated in the event of an accident in the future. The combination of the Analytical hierarchy process and the Getis ord Gi* index is a special feature of this research.
Conclusion In the study area, soil type, inappropriate infrastructure, worn sewer pipes, small diameter pipes, and population density were identified as the most important causes of accidents in the sewerage network.
Keywords:
Spatial Model,
Sewerage Network,
Geographic Information System,
Historical Region,
Getis ord Gi*Index,
CITATION LINKS
[1]Abedini A, Karimi R (2019). Assessment of the effective factors to determine the capacity of building density in historical areas, Case study: Urmia city. Geographical Research in Urban Planning. 6(4):809-826. [Persian]
[2]Shakeri M, Alimohammadi A, Sadeghi Niaraki A, Alesheikh A (2013). Design of a road transport system using a combination of voluntary spatial information (VGI) and spatial data infrastructure (SDI). Journal of Transportation Engineering. 6(1):83-98. [Persian]
[3]Aryafar A, Khosravi V,•Hooshfar F (2019). GIS‑based comparative characterization of groundwater quality of Tabas basin using multivariate statistical techniques and computational intelligence. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 16(10):6277-6290.
[4]Asefi H, Zalnori E, Nozaripour A, Moradi Gh (2010). Pressure management of urban water distribution networks and proper use of water resources. The first Regional Conference on Civil Engineering of Islamic Azad University of Khomeinishahr. [Persian]
[5]Asghari E, Barzegari Gh, Azarmi R, Shahbazi A (2018). Site selection for Shahindezh city landfill using AHP and GIS. Journal of Geography and Planning. 22(66):23-44. [Persian]
[6]Ferrara C, Matteo Barone P (2015). Detecting moisture damage in archaeology and cultural heritage: A brief introduction, International Journal of Archaeology. 3(1-1): 57-61.
[7]Crawford D, Hung M (2012). Implementing a utility geographic information system for water sewer and electric: Case study of city of Calhoun, Georgia. A Thesis Presented to The Department of Geology and Geography in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Science
[8]Ghaed Amini A, Ebrahimzadeh R, Sadeghi M (2020). Assessing tourism potentials to recreate the historical fabric of the city (case study: Isfahan). Quarterly Journal of Urban Management Studies. 12(41):63-77. [Persian]
[9]De Moura E.N, Procopiuck M (2020). GIS-based spatial analysis: basic sanitation services in parana state, Southern Brazil. Environ Monit Assess. 192:96.
[10]Stimers M.J, Fernando W.P, Lenagal S.K (2019). Archaeological site impacts in the Hambantota district, Sri Lanka: Markov Chain/GIS/RS-based analysis of land use and change detection, 1972-2014. International Journal of Applied Science. 5(2):88-110
[11]Ghalenoei M, pirbabaei M, Soltan Ahmadi E, Haghighi Nasrin M (2019). Assessing the prioritization of cultural and urban heritages values of Naghshe-Jahan square. Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran. 1(16):39-50. [Persian]
[12]Irankhahi, S. A. Jozi, P. Farshchi, S. M. Shariat, H. Liaghati (2017). Combination of GISFM and TOPSIS to evaluation of Urban Environment Carrying Capacity (Case study: Shemiran City,Iran) Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 8-2:229-250.
[13]Omidipoor M, Jelokhani-Niaraki M, Moeinmehr A, Sadeghi-Niaraki A, Choi S M (2019). A GIS-based decision support system for facilitating participatory urban renewal process. Land Use Policy. 88:104-150.
[14]Karimi M, Rezaei nodeh F, Jabari Gharebagh M (2018). Qualitative risk assessment of Gas pipelines by using of indexing system method in GIS environment. Journal of Geospatial Information Technology. 7(1):91-105. [Persian]
[15]Katiraei F, Ghadirian P (2016). Wastewater collection network utilization, using the intelligent technology based on event predictive analysis and GIS. IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE). 11-4:128-130.
[16]Katiraei F, Gharagozlu A, Alesheikh AA, Hemmasi AH (2019). A GIS model for urban sewage network operations to maintain cultural heritage “A case study about Isfahan”. Geospatial Conference. University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
[17]Katiraei F, Ghadirian P, Al-Modarresi A, Eslamian S (2014). Designing a model for assessing and predicting accidents in the urban wastewater network using GIS and hierarchical analysis process. Environment and Green Industry Conference. University of Isfahan. [Persian]
[18]Marzouk M, Othman A (2020). Planning utility infrastructure requirements for smart cities using the integration between BIM and GIS. Sustainable Cities and Society. 57.
[19]McNeil B.E, JASPER J.D, Luchsinger DA, Rainsmier M.V (2002). Implementation and application of GIS at timpanogos cave national monument, UTAH. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies. 64(1):34-37.
[20]Moayedfar S, Rafie S (2018). Planning urban secure spaces with emphasis on tourism development (Case study: Meybod Historical texture). Journal of Geography and Urban Space Development. 5(1):131-152. [Persain]
[21]Moeeni R, Hoseingholi P, Zare MR (2018). Number of blockage prediction for sanitary sewer networks (Case study: Isfahan region 2). Journal of Water and Wastewater. 31(1):86-98. [Persian]
[22]Mohammadi A, Pishgar E, Nouri S (2018). Spatial analysis of urban sewage network events using GIS (Case study: Ardabil city). Journal of Urban Research and Planning. 9(34):105-118. [Persian]
[23]Pirak M, Abdullah Khan Gorji M, Vahidzadeh R, Bahadori R (2015). Investigation of the mechanism of degradation due to soluble salts in historical buildings. Journal of Bastansanji. 1(2):51-73. [Persian]
[24]Rahman F, Javid AH, Hassani AH, AleSheikh AA (2010). Sewerage network design using ArcGIS tool and computational software. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 11(1):209-218. [Persian]
[25]Riyahipur M, Kalantari M, Piri I (2020). Crisis management and planning in urban water supply facilities using passive defense approach (Case study: Yasouj city). Jouranl of Water and Wastewater. 31(2):130-136. [Persian]
[26]Saremi h, Amini M, Ghalibaf MB (2020). Study of spatial distribution and human casualty model In the worn-out texture of the 12th district of Tehran based on the indicators of urban sustainability regeneration. Quarterly of Order & Security Gaurds. 11(4):95-124. [Persian]
[27]Shevlyakova MI, Atkina LI (2019). Application of GIS technologies in inventories of cultural heritage objects by the example of Kharitonov garden, Yekaterinburg. IOP conference series: Earth and Environmental Science.
[28]Tabibian M, Jafarpour Nasser S, Esfanjary Kenari E (2020). Historic Urban Landscape Approach: A New Tool for Urban Heritage Management. The Culture of Islamic Architecture and Urbanism. 5(1):183-199. [Persian]
[29]Taghvaei M, Jozi khamslooei A (2019). Vulnerability analysis and prioritization of historical uses of Isfahan metropolis in crisis management and emergency evacuation. Quarterely Journal of the Iranian Geographical association. 17(62):123-139. [Persian]
[30]Torkashvand A, Jahanbakhsh H, Karimi nezhad A (2016). Recognition of the components affecting the formation of collective identity and memory in urban spaces around historic bridges. Journal of Iranian Architecture and Urbanism. 13:5-14. [Persian]
[31]Yan D, Wu S, Zhou S, Tong G, Li F, Wang Y, Li B (2019). Characteristics, sources and health risk assessment of airborne particulate PAHs in Chinese cities: A review, Environmental Pollution. 248: 804-814.
[32]Hasibi A, Fallah farbod S, Laghaei H (2014). Presenting the principles and strategies for revitalizing parks in the old contexts of the city, while preserving the historical and cultural identity (Case study: Shahr Park located in Sangalaj neighborhood of Tehran. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 16(3):137-154.
[33]Chen W, Dai P, Yuan P, Zhang J (2016). Effect of inorganic silicate consolidation on the mechanical and durability performance of sandstone used in historical sites. Construction and Building Materials. 121:445-452.
[34][Internet] Fars news: The story of the humidity of the Imam Mosque of Isfahan [Published 2018, 28 February]
[35]Negin Foroughi [Internet] Tasnim News Agency: Moisture that weakens the foundations of Isfahan's historical Mosque [Published 2017, 1 January].
[36]Eskan news,(2018),Humidity lurks in the first historic altar of the Isfahan Grand Mosque,2018.8.7
[37]Schaefli B, Harman C.J, Sivapalan M, Schymanski S.J (2011). HESS Opinions: Hydrologic predictions in a changing environment: behavioral modeling. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 15(2):635-646.
[38]Delavar M, Tabesh M, Jafari H (2009). Accident management model of water distribution networks using geographic information systems (GIS). Journal of Water and Wastewater. 20(70):2-15.
[39]Yang S, Ge M, Li X, Pan C (2020). The spatial distribution of the normal reference values of the activated partial thromboplastin time based on ArcGIS and GeoDA. International Journal of biometeorology. 64(5):779-790.
[2]Shakeri M, Alimohammadi A, Sadeghi Niaraki A, Alesheikh A (2013). Design of a road transport system using a combination of voluntary spatial information (VGI) and spatial data infrastructure (SDI). Journal of Transportation Engineering. 6(1):83-98. [Persian]
[3]Aryafar A, Khosravi V,•Hooshfar F (2019). GIS‑based comparative characterization of groundwater quality of Tabas basin using multivariate statistical techniques and computational intelligence. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 16(10):6277-6290.
[4]Asefi H, Zalnori E, Nozaripour A, Moradi Gh (2010). Pressure management of urban water distribution networks and proper use of water resources. The first Regional Conference on Civil Engineering of Islamic Azad University of Khomeinishahr. [Persian]
[5]Asghari E, Barzegari Gh, Azarmi R, Shahbazi A (2018). Site selection for Shahindezh city landfill using AHP and GIS. Journal of Geography and Planning. 22(66):23-44. [Persian]
[6]Ferrara C, Matteo Barone P (2015). Detecting moisture damage in archaeology and cultural heritage: A brief introduction, International Journal of Archaeology. 3(1-1): 57-61.
[7]Crawford D, Hung M (2012). Implementing a utility geographic information system for water sewer and electric: Case study of city of Calhoun, Georgia. A Thesis Presented to The Department of Geology and Geography in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Science
[8]Ghaed Amini A, Ebrahimzadeh R, Sadeghi M (2020). Assessing tourism potentials to recreate the historical fabric of the city (case study: Isfahan). Quarterly Journal of Urban Management Studies. 12(41):63-77. [Persian]
[9]De Moura E.N, Procopiuck M (2020). GIS-based spatial analysis: basic sanitation services in parana state, Southern Brazil. Environ Monit Assess. 192:96.
[10]Stimers M.J, Fernando W.P, Lenagal S.K (2019). Archaeological site impacts in the Hambantota district, Sri Lanka: Markov Chain/GIS/RS-based analysis of land use and change detection, 1972-2014. International Journal of Applied Science. 5(2):88-110
[11]Ghalenoei M, pirbabaei M, Soltan Ahmadi E, Haghighi Nasrin M (2019). Assessing the prioritization of cultural and urban heritages values of Naghshe-Jahan square. Journal of Conservation and Architecture in Iran. 1(16):39-50. [Persian]
[12]Irankhahi, S. A. Jozi, P. Farshchi, S. M. Shariat, H. Liaghati (2017). Combination of GISFM and TOPSIS to evaluation of Urban Environment Carrying Capacity (Case study: Shemiran City,Iran) Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 8-2:229-250.
[13]Omidipoor M, Jelokhani-Niaraki M, Moeinmehr A, Sadeghi-Niaraki A, Choi S M (2019). A GIS-based decision support system for facilitating participatory urban renewal process. Land Use Policy. 88:104-150.
[14]Karimi M, Rezaei nodeh F, Jabari Gharebagh M (2018). Qualitative risk assessment of Gas pipelines by using of indexing system method in GIS environment. Journal of Geospatial Information Technology. 7(1):91-105. [Persian]
[15]Katiraei F, Ghadirian P (2016). Wastewater collection network utilization, using the intelligent technology based on event predictive analysis and GIS. IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE). 11-4:128-130.
[16]Katiraei F, Gharagozlu A, Alesheikh AA, Hemmasi AH (2019). A GIS model for urban sewage network operations to maintain cultural heritage “A case study about Isfahan”. Geospatial Conference. University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
[17]Katiraei F, Ghadirian P, Al-Modarresi A, Eslamian S (2014). Designing a model for assessing and predicting accidents in the urban wastewater network using GIS and hierarchical analysis process. Environment and Green Industry Conference. University of Isfahan. [Persian]
[18]Marzouk M, Othman A (2020). Planning utility infrastructure requirements for smart cities using the integration between BIM and GIS. Sustainable Cities and Society. 57.
[19]McNeil B.E, JASPER J.D, Luchsinger DA, Rainsmier M.V (2002). Implementation and application of GIS at timpanogos cave national monument, UTAH. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies. 64(1):34-37.
[20]Moayedfar S, Rafie S (2018). Planning urban secure spaces with emphasis on tourism development (Case study: Meybod Historical texture). Journal of Geography and Urban Space Development. 5(1):131-152. [Persain]
[21]Moeeni R, Hoseingholi P, Zare MR (2018). Number of blockage prediction for sanitary sewer networks (Case study: Isfahan region 2). Journal of Water and Wastewater. 31(1):86-98. [Persian]
[22]Mohammadi A, Pishgar E, Nouri S (2018). Spatial analysis of urban sewage network events using GIS (Case study: Ardabil city). Journal of Urban Research and Planning. 9(34):105-118. [Persian]
[23]Pirak M, Abdullah Khan Gorji M, Vahidzadeh R, Bahadori R (2015). Investigation of the mechanism of degradation due to soluble salts in historical buildings. Journal of Bastansanji. 1(2):51-73. [Persian]
[24]Rahman F, Javid AH, Hassani AH, AleSheikh AA (2010). Sewerage network design using ArcGIS tool and computational software. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 11(1):209-218. [Persian]
[25]Riyahipur M, Kalantari M, Piri I (2020). Crisis management and planning in urban water supply facilities using passive defense approach (Case study: Yasouj city). Jouranl of Water and Wastewater. 31(2):130-136. [Persian]
[26]Saremi h, Amini M, Ghalibaf MB (2020). Study of spatial distribution and human casualty model In the worn-out texture of the 12th district of Tehran based on the indicators of urban sustainability regeneration. Quarterly of Order & Security Gaurds. 11(4):95-124. [Persian]
[27]Shevlyakova MI, Atkina LI (2019). Application of GIS technologies in inventories of cultural heritage objects by the example of Kharitonov garden, Yekaterinburg. IOP conference series: Earth and Environmental Science.
[28]Tabibian M, Jafarpour Nasser S, Esfanjary Kenari E (2020). Historic Urban Landscape Approach: A New Tool for Urban Heritage Management. The Culture of Islamic Architecture and Urbanism. 5(1):183-199. [Persian]
[29]Taghvaei M, Jozi khamslooei A (2019). Vulnerability analysis and prioritization of historical uses of Isfahan metropolis in crisis management and emergency evacuation. Quarterely Journal of the Iranian Geographical association. 17(62):123-139. [Persian]
[30]Torkashvand A, Jahanbakhsh H, Karimi nezhad A (2016). Recognition of the components affecting the formation of collective identity and memory in urban spaces around historic bridges. Journal of Iranian Architecture and Urbanism. 13:5-14. [Persian]
[31]Yan D, Wu S, Zhou S, Tong G, Li F, Wang Y, Li B (2019). Characteristics, sources and health risk assessment of airborne particulate PAHs in Chinese cities: A review, Environmental Pollution. 248: 804-814.
[32]Hasibi A, Fallah farbod S, Laghaei H (2014). Presenting the principles and strategies for revitalizing parks in the old contexts of the city, while preserving the historical and cultural identity (Case study: Shahr Park located in Sangalaj neighborhood of Tehran. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 16(3):137-154.
[33]Chen W, Dai P, Yuan P, Zhang J (2016). Effect of inorganic silicate consolidation on the mechanical and durability performance of sandstone used in historical sites. Construction and Building Materials. 121:445-452.
[34][Internet] Fars news: The story of the humidity of the Imam Mosque of Isfahan [Published 2018, 28 February]
[35]Negin Foroughi [Internet] Tasnim News Agency: Moisture that weakens the foundations of Isfahan's historical Mosque [Published 2017, 1 January].
[36]Eskan news,(2018),Humidity lurks in the first historic altar of the Isfahan Grand Mosque,2018.8.7
[37]Schaefli B, Harman C.J, Sivapalan M, Schymanski S.J (2011). HESS Opinions: Hydrologic predictions in a changing environment: behavioral modeling. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 15(2):635-646.
[38]Delavar M, Tabesh M, Jafari H (2009). Accident management model of water distribution networks using geographic information systems (GIS). Journal of Water and Wastewater. 20(70):2-15.
[39]Yang S, Ge M, Li X, Pan C (2020). The spatial distribution of the normal reference values of the activated partial thromboplastin time based on ArcGIS and GeoDA. International Journal of biometeorology. 64(5):779-790.