@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2015;7(4):197-205
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2015;7(4):197-205
Effectiveness of Training Life Skills on the Quality of Life of Spouses of Veterans with Affective Disorders
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Soliemanian A.A. (1)Jajarmi M. (*)
Falahati M. (2)
(*) Psychology Department, School of Humanities, Bojnord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnord, Iran
(1) Counseling & Psychology Department, Humanities Faculty, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
(2) Psychology Department, School of Humanities, Bojnord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnord, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Group Psychology, Board of Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University Bojnord Branch, University Avenue, Bojnord, IranPhone: +985832296982
Fax: +985832296977
mahmoud.jajarmi@gmail.com
Article History
Received: June 21, 2015Accepted: October 6, 2015
ePublished: November 21, 2015
ABSTRACT
Aims
Years after the end of war, the veterans are still suffereing many physical and mental problems that might considerably affect the quality of life of the veterans and their families. Based on the conducted studies, mental trainings can lead to a better quality of life in the veterans and their families. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of life skills training on the quality of life of the spouses of the veterans with mood disorders.
Materials & Methods In the semi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group, 50 spouses of the veterans with mood disorders reffered to Sadr Psychiatric Hospital (Tehran) in 2013 were selected through Available Sampling Method and studied. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups including experiment and control groups (n=25 per group). The study tool was WHOQOL-BREF questionaire. In experiment group, there were ten 120-min weekly life-skills training sessions. Data was analyzed in SPSS 18 software using Analysis of Covariance.
Findings There were significant differences in the mean scores of Quality of Life (p=0.0001) and subscales including psychiatric health (p=0.017), social relationships health (p=0.005), and physical health (p=0.006) between the groups at the posttest stage with pretest effect control. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in environmental health subscale (p=0.347).
Conclusion Life skills training considerably enhance the quality of life of the spouses of the veterans with mood disorders.
Materials & Methods In the semi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group, 50 spouses of the veterans with mood disorders reffered to Sadr Psychiatric Hospital (Tehran) in 2013 were selected through Available Sampling Method and studied. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups including experiment and control groups (n=25 per group). The study tool was WHOQOL-BREF questionaire. In experiment group, there were ten 120-min weekly life-skills training sessions. Data was analyzed in SPSS 18 software using Analysis of Covariance.
Findings There were significant differences in the mean scores of Quality of Life (p=0.0001) and subscales including psychiatric health (p=0.017), social relationships health (p=0.005), and physical health (p=0.006) between the groups at the posttest stage with pretest effect control. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in environmental health subscale (p=0.347).
Conclusion Life skills training considerably enhance the quality of life of the spouses of the veterans with mood disorders.
CITATION LINKS
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[25]Taylor JL, Smith P, Babyak M, Barbour K, Hoffman B, Sebring D, et al. Coping and quality of life in patients awaitening lung transplantation. J Psychosom Res. 2008;65(1):71-9.
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[30]Taromyan F, Mahjoee M, Fathi T. Life Skills. Tehran: Education; 2009. pp. 26-86. [Persian]
[31]Javadi M, Sepahvand MJ, Mahmudi H, Sori A. The effect of life skills training on quality of life in nurses of Khorramabad hospital. Sci J Hamadan Nurs Midwifery Fac. 2013;21(1):32-42. [Persian]
[32]Jarvis TJ, Tebbutt J, Mattick RP, Shand F. Treatment approaches for alcohol and drug dependence: An introductory guide. 2nd edition. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons LTD; 2005.
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[34]Magliano L, Fiorillo A, Fadden G, Gair F, Economou M, Kallert T, et al. Effectiveness of a psycho educational intervention for families of patients with schizophrenia: preliminary results of a study funded by the European Commission. World Psychiatry. 2005;4(1):45-9.
[35]Carr A. Family therapy: Concepts, process and practice. 2nd edition. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons LTD; 2006.
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[38]Barbato A, Avanzo B. Family interventions in schizophrenia and related disorders: A critical review of clinical trials. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2000;102(2):81-97.
[39]Saki M, Ghanbari A. Mental health assessment in spouses of spinal cord injured war survivors in Lorestan. J Fundam Mental Health. 2005;18(5):14-7. [Persian]
[40]Zarrabi H, Najafi K, Shirazi M, Farahi H, Nazifi F, Tadrisi M. The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on partner of Iranian veterans. Acta Med Iran. 2008;46(2):120-4. [Persian]
[41]Dekel R, Enoch G, Solomon Z. The contribution of captivity and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder to marital adjustment of Israeli couples. J Soc Pers Relatsh. 2008;25(3):497-13.
[42]Jungbauer Y, Wittmund B, Dietrich S, Angermeyer MC. The disregarded caregivers: subjective burden in spouses of schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Ball. 2004;30(3):665-75.
[43]Bonomi AE, Patrickm DL, Bushnell DM, Martin M. Validation of the United States' Version of the World Health Organization Quality Of Life (WHOQOL) instrument. J Clin Epidemiol. 2000;53(1):1-12.
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[45]World Health Organization (W.H.O). WHOQOL–BREF introduction, administration, scoring and generic version of the assessment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1996.
[46]Miklowitz DJ, George EL, Richards JA, Simoneau TL, Suddath RL. A randomized study of family-focused psychoeducation and pharmacotherapy in the outpatient management of bipolar disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60(9):904-12.
[47]Dixon L, Adams C, Lucksted A. Update on family psychoeducation for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2000;26(1):5-20.
[48]Yavaryan R, Sohrabi, Yavaryan N. Survey effective of- assertiveness and aggression in the academic achivement Urmia girl high school students. J Nurs Midwifery Urmia Univ Med Sci. 2010;8(2):114-7. [Persian]
[49]Atkinson JM, Coia DA. Families coping with schizophrenia: A practitioner’s guide to family groups. 1st edition. New York: Wiley; 1995.
[2]Taghipour H, Moharamzad Y, Mafi AR, Amini A, Naghizadeh MM, Soroush MR, et al. Quality of life among veterans with war-related unilateral lower extremity amputation: A long-term survey in a prosthesis center in Iran. J Orthop Trauma. 2009;23(7):525-30.
[3]Scharf M. Long-term effects of trauma: Psychosocial functioning of the second and third generation of Holocaust survivors. Dev Psychopathol. 2007;19(2):603-22.
[4]Martens L, Addington J. The psychological well-being of family members of individuals with schizopher inia. Soc Psychiatry Epidemiol. 2001;36(3):128-33.
[5]Mohseni M, Farnia MR, Taghva A, Dehghan Manshadi Z, Rezaei Fard A. Effect of Having a Post-Traumatic Stress Disordered Man on the Quality of Life, Depression, Stress, Anxiety and Structure of the Family. Iran J War Public Health. 2014;6(5):207-14. [Persian]
[6]Klarić M, Kvesić A, Mandić V, Petrov B, Frančišković T. Secondary traumatisation and systemic traumatic stress. Psychiatr Danub. 2013;25(Suppl 1):29-36.
[7]Zargar F, Foruzandeh E, Mohammadi A, Bagherian- Sararoudi R, Habibi M. Psychological health of veterans of Iran-Iraq imposed war 22 years after the war. Res Behav Sci. 2012;10(6):544-53. [Persian]
[8]Stang P, Frank C, Yood MU, Wells K, Burch S. Impact of bipolar disorder: Result from a screening study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;9(1):42-7.
[9]Martens L, Addington J. The psychological well-being of family members of individuals with schizophrenia. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2001;36(3):128-33.
[10]Navidian A, Bahari F. Burden Experienced by Family Caregivers of Patients with Mental Disorders. Pak J Psychol Res. 2008;23(1-2):19-9. [Persian]
[11]Kristjanson L, Aoun S. Palliative Care for Families: Remembering the hidden patients. Can J Psychiatry. 2004;49(6):359-65.
[12]Riebscheger J, Scheid C, Luz C, Mickus M, Liszewski C, Eaton M. How are the experiences and needs of families of individuals with mental illness reflected in medical education guidelines?. Acad Psychiatry. 2008;32(2):119-26.
[13]Mcfarlane WR, Dixson L, Lukens E, Lucksted A. Family psycho education and Schizophrenia: A review of the literature. J Marital Fam Ther. 2003;29(2):223-45.
[14]Kord Noghabil R, Sharifi HP. Preparation of a life-skills curriclum plan for high school student. J Educ Innov. 2005;12(2):11-34. [Persian]
[15]Rashidi Nezhad S, Miri S, Bahrami Nezhad A. The effect of life skills education on emotional, think, behavior in situational and different Tims of Bam nursing school students. J Qual Res Health Sci. 2010;10(2):47-53. [Persian]
[16]Botvin GJ, Griffin KW. Life skills training: Empirical findings and future directions. J Prim Prev. 2004;25(2):211-21.
[17]Botvin GJ, Kantor LW. Preventing alcohol and tobacco use through life skill training. J Alcohol Res Health. 2000;24(4):250-7.
[18]Parand A, Sirati Nir M, Khaghani Zadeh M, Karimi Zarchi AA. A comparison of the effect of different methods of conflict resolution and relaxation on the quality of life for spouses of veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder of depression. Q J Fundam Ment Health. 2007;9(33-34):67-78. [Persian]
[19]Diener E, Oishi S, Lucas RE. Personality, culture, and subjective well-being: emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annu Rev Psychol. 2003;45:403-25.
[20]Wenzel V, Weichold K, Silbereisen RK. The life skills program. ISPY: Positive influences on scholl bonding and prevention of substance misuse. J Adolesc. 2009;32:1-11.
[21]Wong JG1, Cheung EP, Chen EY, Chan RC, Law CW, Lo MS, et al. An instrument to assess mental patients capacity to appraise and report subjective quality of life. Qual Life Res. 2005;14(3):687-94.
[22]King CR, Hinds PS, editors. Quality of life from nursing and patient perspectives: Theory, research, practice. Massachusett: Jones and Bartlett; 1998.
[23]Fayers PM, Machin D. Quality of life: The assessment, analysis and interpretation of patient-reported outcomes. 2nd edition. New York: Wiley; 2007.
[24]Bluvol A. The Codman award Paper: Quality of life in stroke survivors and theirspouses: Predictors and clinical implications for rehabilitation teams. Axone. 2003;25(2):10-9.
[25]Taylor JL, Smith P, Babyak M, Barbour K, Hoffman B, Sebring D, et al. Coping and quality of life in patients awaitening lung transplantation. J Psychosom Res. 2008;65(1):71-9.
[26]Mehrabzadeh Honarmand M, Graund L, Aerzi S. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Life Skills Training for anxiety and aggression in Martyrs Wife. Woman Cult. 2009;1(1):1-16. [Persian]
[27]Kavanagh DJ. Recent developments in expressed emotion and schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry. 1992;160:601-20.
[28]Steger MF, Mann JR, Michels P, Cooper TC. Meaning in life, anxiety, depression and general health among smoking cessation patients. J Psychosom Res. 2009;67(4):353-8.
[29]Trangkasombat U. Family functioning in the families of psychiatric patients: A comparison with nonclinical families. J Med Assoc Thai. 2006;89(11):1946-53.
[30]Taromyan F, Mahjoee M, Fathi T. Life Skills. Tehran: Education; 2009. pp. 26-86. [Persian]
[31]Javadi M, Sepahvand MJ, Mahmudi H, Sori A. The effect of life skills training on quality of life in nurses of Khorramabad hospital. Sci J Hamadan Nurs Midwifery Fac. 2013;21(1):32-42. [Persian]
[32]Jarvis TJ, Tebbutt J, Mattick RP, Shand F. Treatment approaches for alcohol and drug dependence: An introductory guide. 2nd edition. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons LTD; 2005.
[33]Cassidy E, Hill S, O’Callaghan E. Efficacy of a psycho educational intervention in improving relatives’ knowledge about schizophrenia and reducing rehospitalisation. Eur Psychiatry. 2001;16(8):446-50.
[34]Magliano L, Fiorillo A, Fadden G, Gair F, Economou M, Kallert T, et al. Effectiveness of a psycho educational intervention for families of patients with schizophrenia: preliminary results of a study funded by the European Commission. World Psychiatry. 2005;4(1):45-9.
[35]Carr A. Family therapy: Concepts, process and practice. 2nd edition. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons LTD; 2006.
[36]Cuijpers P. The effects of family interventions on relatives’ burden: A meta-analysis. J Ment Health. 1999;8(3):275-85.
[37]Dixon L. providing services to families of persons with schizophrenia: present and future. J Ment Health Policy Econ. 1999;2(1):3-8.
[38]Barbato A, Avanzo B. Family interventions in schizophrenia and related disorders: A critical review of clinical trials. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2000;102(2):81-97.
[39]Saki M, Ghanbari A. Mental health assessment in spouses of spinal cord injured war survivors in Lorestan. J Fundam Mental Health. 2005;18(5):14-7. [Persian]
[40]Zarrabi H, Najafi K, Shirazi M, Farahi H, Nazifi F, Tadrisi M. The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on partner of Iranian veterans. Acta Med Iran. 2008;46(2):120-4. [Persian]
[41]Dekel R, Enoch G, Solomon Z. The contribution of captivity and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder to marital adjustment of Israeli couples. J Soc Pers Relatsh. 2008;25(3):497-13.
[42]Jungbauer Y, Wittmund B, Dietrich S, Angermeyer MC. The disregarded caregivers: subjective burden in spouses of schizophrenia patients. Schizophr Ball. 2004;30(3):665-75.
[43]Bonomi AE, Patrickm DL, Bushnell DM, Martin M. Validation of the United States' Version of the World Health Organization Quality Of Life (WHOQOL) instrument. J Clin Epidemiol. 2000;53(1):1-12.
[44]Nejat S, Montazeri A, Holakouee Naeini K, Mohammad K, Majdzadeh R. The World Health Organization quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire: Translation and validation study of the Iranian version. J Sch Public Health Inst Health Res. 2006;4(4):1-12. [Persian]
[45]World Health Organization (W.H.O). WHOQOL–BREF introduction, administration, scoring and generic version of the assessment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1996.
[46]Miklowitz DJ, George EL, Richards JA, Simoneau TL, Suddath RL. A randomized study of family-focused psychoeducation and pharmacotherapy in the outpatient management of bipolar disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60(9):904-12.
[47]Dixon L, Adams C, Lucksted A. Update on family psychoeducation for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2000;26(1):5-20.
[48]Yavaryan R, Sohrabi, Yavaryan N. Survey effective of- assertiveness and aggression in the academic achivement Urmia girl high school students. J Nurs Midwifery Urmia Univ Med Sci. 2010;8(2):114-7. [Persian]
[49]Atkinson JM, Coia DA. Families coping with schizophrenia: A practitioner’s guide to family groups. 1st edition. New York: Wiley; 1995.