@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2014;1(2):56-66
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2014;1(2):56-66
Effect of an Educational Program Based on the Health Belief Model to Reduce Cell Phone Usage During Driving in Taxi drivers
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Moeini B. (1)Rezapur-Shahkolai F. (2)
Faradmal J. (3)
Soheylizad M. (4*)
(1) Social Determinants of Health Research Center and Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(2) Social Determinants of Health Research Center and Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(3) , Modeling of Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(4*) Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Correspondence
Article History
Received: August 6, 2014Accepted: October 12, 2014
ePublished: December 10, 2014
ABSTRACT
Aims
Cell phone usage during driving has become a threat to traffic safety. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an educational program based on the health belief model to reduce cell phone usage during driving in taxi drivers of Tuyserkan.
Materials & Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 110 taxi drivers younger than 35 years were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups in Tuyserkan, Iran. Data was collected using a questionnaire including the health belief model constructs, knowledge, behaviors of using cell phone and demographic variables. The questionnaires were self-reported. Intervention was three sessions applied in the experimental group. Both groups were followed for two months after the intervention. Finally, data analysis was performed using SPSS- 19 by Chi-square, Independent T-test, Paired T-test and McNemar.
Findings The mean scores for the constructs of health belief model (perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, perceived benefits, self-efficacy and cues to action), knowledge and desired behaviors about the use of cell phone during driving showed no significant differences be-tween the two groups before the intervention. After the educational intervention, significant differences were observed in experimental group compared to control group. After education-al intervention, cell phone usage reduced by 35.14% in the experimental group.
Conclusion An educational intervention based on the health belief model could reduce cell phone usage during driving in taxi drivers.
Materials & Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 110 taxi drivers younger than 35 years were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups in Tuyserkan, Iran. Data was collected using a questionnaire including the health belief model constructs, knowledge, behaviors of using cell phone and demographic variables. The questionnaires were self-reported. Intervention was three sessions applied in the experimental group. Both groups were followed for two months after the intervention. Finally, data analysis was performed using SPSS- 19 by Chi-square, Independent T-test, Paired T-test and McNemar.
Findings The mean scores for the constructs of health belief model (perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, perceived benefits, self-efficacy and cues to action), knowledge and desired behaviors about the use of cell phone during driving showed no significant differences be-tween the two groups before the intervention. After the educational intervention, significant differences were observed in experimental group compared to control group. After education-al intervention, cell phone usage reduced by 35.14% in the experimental group.
Conclusion An educational intervention based on the health belief model could reduce cell phone usage during driving in taxi drivers.
CITATION LINKS
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[25]Karimy M, Niknami SH, Amin Shokravi F, Shamsi M, Hatami A. [The relationship of breast self-examination with self-esteem and perceived benefits/barriers of self-efficacy in health volunteers of Zarandieh city]. Iranian Journal of Breast Diseases.2009; 2(2):41-8. (Persian)
[26]Rezaeian M, Sharifirad G, Mostafavi F, Moodi M, Abbasi MH. The effects of breast cancer educational intervention on knowledge and health beliefs of women 40 years and older, Isfahan, Iran. J Educ Health Promot.2014; 3:43.
[27]Taghdisi MH, Nejadsadeghi E. [The effect of health education based on health belief model on behavioral promotion of urinary infection prevention in pregnant women]. Journal Research & Health.2012; 2(1):126-36. (Persian)
[28]Allen JD, Stoddard AM, Mays J, Sorensen G. Promoting breast and cervical cancer screening at the workplace: Results from the Woman to Woman Study. Am J Public Health.2001; 91(4):584-90.
[29]Ceber E, Turk M, Ciceklioglu M. The effects of an educational program on knowledge of breast cancer, early detec-tion practices and health beliefs of nurses and midwives. J Clin Nurs.2010; 19(15-16):2363–71.
[30]Hatamzadeh N, Nazari M, Ghahramani L. [Impact of educational intervention on seat belt use among drivers based on health belief model]. Journal of Toloo-e-Behdasht.2013; 3(36): 45-55. (Persian)
[31]Hanewinkel R, Asshauer M. Fifteen-month follow-up results of a school-based life-skills approach to smoking pre-vention. Health Educ Res.2004; 19(2):125-37.
[32]Carmel S. The health belief model in the research of AIDS-related preventive behavior. Public Health Rev.1991; 18(1):73-85.
[33]Tussing L, Chapman-Novakofski K. Osteoporosis prevention education: behavior theories and calcium intake. J Am Diet Assoc.2005; 105(1):92-7.
[34]Zhang YP, Li XM, Wang DL, Guo XY, Guo X. Evaluation of educational program on osteoporosis awareness and pre-vention among nurse students in China. Nurs Health Sci.2012; 14(1):74-80.
[35]Boroumandfar K, Shabani F, Ghaffari M. An investigation on the effect of Health Belief Model-based education on refusal skills in high risk situations among female students. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res.2012; 17(3):229-33.
[2]. Zhao N, Reimer B, Mehler B, D'Ambrosio LA, Coughlin JF. Self-reported and observed risky driving behaviors among frequent and infrequent cell phone users. Accid Anal Prev.2013; 61:71-7.
[3]Schlehofer MM, Thompson SC, Ting S, Ostermann S, Nierman A, Skenderian J. Psychological predictors of college students’ cell phone use while driving. Accid Anal Prev.2010; 42(4):1107-12.
[4]Lissy KS, Cohen IT, Park MY, Graham JD. Cellular phone use while driving: Risks and Benefits. Boston; Harvard cen-ter for risk analysis, Harvard school of public health; 2000.
[5]Lee JD, McGehee DV, Brown TL, Reyes ML. Collision warning timing, driver distraction, and driver response to im-minent rear-end collisions in a high-fidelity driving simulator. Hum Factors.2002; 44(2):314-34.
[6]Ashrafi-Asgarabad A, Naghibzadeh-Tahami A, Khanjani N. Exposure to hand-held mobile phone use while driving among Iranian passenger car drivers: an observational study. J Inj Violence Res.2012; 4(2): 96-7.
[7]National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration. Driver electronic device use in 2010. NHTSA Web Site; 2011. [updated 18 January, 2014; cited 29 November, 2014]; Available from: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs /811517.pdf
[8]Charlton SG. Driving while conversing: cell phones that distract and passengers who react. Accid Anal Prev.2008; 41(1):160-73.
[9]Caird JK, Willness CR, Steel P, Scialfa C. A meta-analysis of the effects of cell phones on driver performance. Accid Anal Prev.2008; 40(4):1282-93.
[10]Engström J, Aust ML, Viström M. Effects of working memory load and repeated scenario exposure on emergency braking performance. Hum Factors.2010; 52(5):551-9.
[11]Reimer B, Mehler B, Wang Y, Coughlin JF. A field study on the impact of variations in short-term memory demands on drivers’ visual attention and driving performance across three age groups. Hum Factors.2012; 54(3):454-68. 12. Rakauskas ME, Gugerty LJ, Ward NJ. Effects of naturalistic cell phone conversations on driving performance. J Safety Res.2004; 35(4):453-64.
[12]Rakauskas ME, Gugerty LJ, Ward NJ. Effects of naturalistic cell phone conversations on driving performance. J Safety Res.2004; 35(4):453-64.
[13]Cooper JM, Vladisavljevic I, Medeiros-Ward N, Martin PT, Strayer DL. An investigation of driver distraction near the tipping point of traffic flow stability. Hum Factors.2009; 51(2): 261-8.
[14]Ranney TA, Harbluk JL, Noy YI. Effects of voice technology on test track driving performance: implications for driver distraction. Hum Factors.2005; 47(2):439-54.
[15]Collet C, Guillot A, Petit C. Phoning while driving I: A review of epidemiological, psychological, behavioural and physiological studies. Ergonomics.2010; 53(5):589-601.
[16]Wilson FA, Stimpson JP. Trends in fatalitiesfrom distracted driving in the United States, 1999 to 2008. Am J Public Health.2010; 100(11):2213-9.
[17]McEvoy SP, Stevenson MR, McCartt AT, Woodward M, Haworth C, Palamara P, et al. Role of mobile phones in motor vehicle crashes resulting in hospital attendance: A case-crossover study. BMJ.2005; 331(7514):428.
[18]Reed N, Robbins R. The Effect of Text Messaging on Driver Behavior: A Simulator Study. UK: Transport Research Laboratory, Berkshire; 2008. Available from: http://www.racfoundation.org/assets/rac_foundation/content/downloadables/texting%20whilst%20driving%20-%20trl%20-%20180908%20-%20report.pdf
[19]Olson RL, Hanowski RJ, Hickman JS, Bocanegra J. Driver Distraction in Commercial Vehicle Operations [Final Report]. Washington DC: Federal Motor Carriers Safety Administration; 2009.
[20]Shooreshi A. [Cell phone use while driving and its role in reducing accidents and increasing safety]. Traffic Man-agement Studies.2007; 9(3):95-108. (Persian)
[21]Landry MJ. MDMA: A review of epidemiologic data. J Pscychoactive Drugs.2002; 34(2):163-9.
[22]Edelman CL, Mandel CL. Health promotion, throughout the lifespan.5thed. New York: Mosby; 2002, P:246-9.
[23]Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K. Health behavior and health education: theory, research and practice.4thed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass publisher; 2008, PP:45-92.
[24]Rahimikian F, Mirmohamadaliei M, Mehran A, Aboozari-Ghforoodi K, Salmaani Barough N. [Effect of Education Designed based on Health Belief Model on Choosing Delivery Mode]. Journal of Hayat.2009; 14(3&4):25-32. (Per-sian)
[25]Karimy M, Niknami SH, Amin Shokravi F, Shamsi M, Hatami A. [The relationship of breast self-examination with self-esteem and perceived benefits/barriers of self-efficacy in health volunteers of Zarandieh city]. Iranian Journal of Breast Diseases.2009; 2(2):41-8. (Persian)
[26]Rezaeian M, Sharifirad G, Mostafavi F, Moodi M, Abbasi MH. The effects of breast cancer educational intervention on knowledge and health beliefs of women 40 years and older, Isfahan, Iran. J Educ Health Promot.2014; 3:43.
[27]Taghdisi MH, Nejadsadeghi E. [The effect of health education based on health belief model on behavioral promotion of urinary infection prevention in pregnant women]. Journal Research & Health.2012; 2(1):126-36. (Persian)
[28]Allen JD, Stoddard AM, Mays J, Sorensen G. Promoting breast and cervical cancer screening at the workplace: Results from the Woman to Woman Study. Am J Public Health.2001; 91(4):584-90.
[29]Ceber E, Turk M, Ciceklioglu M. The effects of an educational program on knowledge of breast cancer, early detec-tion practices and health beliefs of nurses and midwives. J Clin Nurs.2010; 19(15-16):2363–71.
[30]Hatamzadeh N, Nazari M, Ghahramani L. [Impact of educational intervention on seat belt use among drivers based on health belief model]. Journal of Toloo-e-Behdasht.2013; 3(36): 45-55. (Persian)
[31]Hanewinkel R, Asshauer M. Fifteen-month follow-up results of a school-based life-skills approach to smoking pre-vention. Health Educ Res.2004; 19(2):125-37.
[32]Carmel S. The health belief model in the research of AIDS-related preventive behavior. Public Health Rev.1991; 18(1):73-85.
[33]Tussing L, Chapman-Novakofski K. Osteoporosis prevention education: behavior theories and calcium intake. J Am Diet Assoc.2005; 105(1):92-7.
[34]Zhang YP, Li XM, Wang DL, Guo XY, Guo X. Evaluation of educational program on osteoporosis awareness and pre-vention among nurse students in China. Nurs Health Sci.2012; 14(1):74-80.
[35]Boroumandfar K, Shabani F, Ghaffari M. An investigation on the effect of Health Belief Model-based education on refusal skills in high risk situations among female students. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res.2012; 17(3):229-33.