@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2538-4384 Geographical Researches 2021;36(3):233-241
ISSN: 2538-4384 Geographical Researches 2021;36(3):233-241
Picture able Factors of Qajar Houses in Tabriz City, Iran
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Gharehbaglou M. (*1)Reshad L. (1)
(*1) Faculty of Architecture & Urban- ism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art Univer- sity, Saat square, Mossalla Ave, Ta- briz, Iran. Postal code: 5164736931Phone: +98 (914) 4111940
Fax: +98 (41) 35539200
m.gharehbaglou@tabriziau.ac.ir
Article History
Received: March 9, 2021Accepted: April 11, 2021
ePublished: September 21, 2021
ABSTRACT
Aims & Backgrounds
Humans integrate distinct and indistinct data of space and create map-like mental images for collaboration and living purposes. These images show how humans construct an image of their surroundings, hence, highlighting the influential role of specific components in contributing to the formation of the images. This study aims to characterize the image-ability factors in the living space of
humans in traditional houses of the Qajar era located in Tabriz.
Methodology The present quantitative survey research on the performance of traditional houses of the Qajar period in the city of Tabriz was conducted in 2019 by interviewing 187 men and women who had lived in traditional houses of the Qajar era. Samples for the case study were chosen using the snowball method. With the assistance of inhabitants, data were collected based on mind maps in two consecutive months of summer. Selective variables of the inhabitants were identified and analysis of the collected data were carried out in an explorative manner in the SPSS 16 software.
Findings Eight attributes that had the potential for imagine-ability were identified. The first component includes ponds, gardens, trees, flowers, and animals; The second component, including service, kitchen, and storage; The third component, including the stairs, the porch, and the entrance to the courtyard to the rooms; The fourth component, including in the main entrance of the house, open space, closed space, shape, geometry, and components of the wall facing the yard; Fifth factor, including neighborhood, alley, materials; The sixth component includes rooms, ropes, and windows; The seventh component, including the crypt and basement, and the eighth component, including the corridor and porch.
Conclusion Results indicate that empirical components based on cognitive deductions of the residents concern representational and mental space, which in turn, point to the conclusion that the so-called components have a high protentional of imagine-ability in understanding humans from the surrounding space.
Methodology The present quantitative survey research on the performance of traditional houses of the Qajar period in the city of Tabriz was conducted in 2019 by interviewing 187 men and women who had lived in traditional houses of the Qajar era. Samples for the case study were chosen using the snowball method. With the assistance of inhabitants, data were collected based on mind maps in two consecutive months of summer. Selective variables of the inhabitants were identified and analysis of the collected data were carried out in an explorative manner in the SPSS 16 software.
Findings Eight attributes that had the potential for imagine-ability were identified. The first component includes ponds, gardens, trees, flowers, and animals; The second component, including service, kitchen, and storage; The third component, including the stairs, the porch, and the entrance to the courtyard to the rooms; The fourth component, including in the main entrance of the house, open space, closed space, shape, geometry, and components of the wall facing the yard; Fifth factor, including neighborhood, alley, materials; The sixth component includes rooms, ropes, and windows; The seventh component, including the crypt and basement, and the eighth component, including the corridor and porch.
Conclusion Results indicate that empirical components based on cognitive deductions of the residents concern representational and mental space, which in turn, point to the conclusion that the so-called components have a high protentional of imagine-ability in understanding humans from the surrounding space.
CITATION LINKS
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[2]Aitken SC, Bjorklund ME (1988). Transactional and transformational theories in behavioral geography. The Professional Geographer. 40(1):54-64.
[3]Appleyard D (1970). Styles and methods of structuring a city. Environment and Behavior. 2(1):100-117.
[4]Asadpour A, Faizi M, Mozaaffar F, Behzadfar M (2015). Typology of models and comparative study of methods in recording mental images and cognitive maps from the environment. BAGH-E NAZAR. 12(33):13-22.
[5]Barati N, Kakavand E (2013). Comparative evaluation of the environmental quality of residential place with an emphasis on citizens' image* (case study: Qazvin city). HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA MEMARI-VA-SHAHRSAZI. 18(3):25-32. [Persian]
[6]Behpoor Z, Shoaei HR, Nabimeybodi M (2019). Space syntax the way to perceive arrangement the spaces of the house in Yazd city, (periods Qajar, Pahlavi and Islamic Republic). Journal of Architecture in Hot and Dry Climate. 6(8):47-75. [Persian]
[7]Buser M (2012). The production of space in metropolitan regions: A Lefebvrian analysis of governance and spatial change. Planning Theory. 11(3):279-298.
[8]Daeipour Z (2014). The relationship between the presence of nature and the increase in the sense of belonging in the Iranian traditional houses. BAGH-E NAZAR. 11(30):49-58. [Persian]
[9]Daneshgarmoghaddam G, Bahrainy SH, Einifar A (2011). An Investigation on sociability of the spaces based on perception of nature in the built environment. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA MEMARI-VA-SHAHRSAZI. 3(45):27-38. [Persian]
[10]Einifar A, Aliniay Motlagh A (2014). Explaining the concept of outside-inside in in-between spaces of apartment housing "the case study of balcony in three types of Tehran residential complexes. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA MEMARI-VA-SHAHRSAZI. 19(2):55-66. [Persian]
[11] Fuchs CH (2019). Henri Lefebvre's theory of the production of space and the critical theory of communication. Communication Theory. 29:129-150.
[12]Ghafourian M, Peysokhan M, Hesari E (2017). Typology of spatial configuration and hierarchy of entry in Iranian houses: concentrating the issue of privacy. Quarterly Journal of Physical Development Planing. 4(3):129-144. [Persian]
[13]Hosseini A, Jafarzadeh T, Rohban F (2016). Residential space syntax for better family members' interaction. Housing and Rural Environment. 35(154):41-58. [Persian]
[14]Junior OAS (2014). Urban common space, heterotopia and the right to the city: reflections on the ideas of Henri Lefebvre and David Harvey. urbe Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana. 6(541):146.
[15]Karplus Y, Meir A (2013). The production of space: a neglected perspective in pastoral research. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space. 31(1):23-42.
[16]Kirk PW (1963). Problems of geography. Geography. 48:357-371.
[17]Latifi M, Diba D (2020). Data mining of the spatial structure of Qajar native housing; case study: Jangjouyan House of Isfahan. NAQSHEJAHAN. 10(3):163-171.
[18]Lefebvre H (1992). The production of space. Hoboken: Wiley
[19]Li X, Zhou SH (2018). The trialectics of spatiality: the labeling of a historical area in Beijing. Sustainability. 10(5).
[20]Lynch K (1960). The image of the city. Cambridge: MIT Press.
[21]Massey D (2009). Concepts of space and power in theory and in political practice. Documents d'Anàlisi Geogràfica. 55:15-26.
[22]Mazaheri M, Dezhdar O, Mousavi SJ (2018). Analyzing the role of yards in spatial structure of Iranian houses using space syntax. HOVIATSHAR. 12(2):97-108. [Persian]
[23]Mozafar F, Mahdizade Seraj F, Mirmoradi SS (2019). Recognition of the role of nature in educational spaces. Technology of Education Journal. 3(4):271-280. [Persian]
[24]Nasar JL (1989). Perception, cognition, and evaluation of urban places. In: Altman I, Zube EH, editors. Public places and spaces. Human behavior and environment (advances in theory and research). 10th Volume. Boston: Springer.
[25]Najafi M, Kamal Bin Mohd Shariff M (2011). The concept of place and sense of place in architectural studies. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology.
[26]Neisser U (1994). Multiple systems: a new approach to cognitive theory. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology. 6(3):225-241.
[27]Peyvastehgar Y, Heidari A, Kiaee M (2016). Assessing functional efficiency of courtyards. SOFFEH. 26(2):39-60. [Persian]
[28]Piaget J, Inhelder B, Inhelder B (1967). The child's conception of space (Issue 408 of Norton library). Langdon FJ, Langdon FJ, Lunzer JL, translators. New York: W. W. Norton.
[29]Salaji N, Sajadzadeh H, Khan Mohammadi M, Sarkhosh F (2020). The role of parallax component in improving perceptions and quality of residence in Tabriz historical houses. Journal of Architectural Thought. 5(9):150-165. [Persian]
[30]Salehiniya M, Niroumand Shishavan, M (2018). Explaining the role of sensory cape components based on senses in quality of environmental sensory perception of New Arg of Tabriz. Studies on Iranian-Islamic City. 8(31):19-32. [Persian]
[31]Sasani M (2016). An analysis of relation between quality of in-between space and human-environment concepts in residential complexes case studies: selected residential complexes in Shiraz. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA MEMARI-VA-SHAHRSAZI. 21(2):69-80. [Persian]
[32]Tolman EC (1948). Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychological Review. 55(4):189-208.
[33] Tuan YT (1977). Space and place: the perspective of experience. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
[34]Valiani M, Gharaati M, Shahbazi B (2018). Redefining in-between space in residential apartments. Journal of Iranian Architecture & Urbanism. 8(2):145-156. [Persian]
[35]Watkins C (2005). Representations of space, spatial practices and spaces of representation: an application of Lefebvre's spatial triad. Culture and Organization. 11(3):209-220.
[36]Zebardast E (2017). Exploratory factor analysis in urban and regional planning. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA MEMARI-VA-SHAHRSAZI. 22(2):5-18. [Persian]
[37]Zmudzinska-Nowak M (2003). Searching for legible city form: Kevin Lynch's theory in contemporary perspective. Journal of Urban Technology. 10(3):19-39.