@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 1027-1457 Scientific Journal of Forensic Medicine 2019;25(1):31-36
ISSN: 1027-1457 Scientific Journal of Forensic Medicine 2019;25(1):31-36
Comparison of Suicidal Tendency in Male Operated and Non-operated Patients Suffering from Gender Dysphoria, in Fars Province between 2011 and 2013
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Descriptive & Survey StudyAuthors
Asadipour E (1)Behzadipour S (1)
Zarenezhad M (*2)
(*2) Iranian Legal Medicine Research Center, Tehran, Iran
(1) Psychology Department, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
(1) Psychology Department, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Address: Second Floor, No. 4, Me'raj Alley, Behesht Street, South of Park-shahr, Tehran, Iran.Phone: 07136324100
Fax: 07136324100
Zarenezhad@hotmail.com
Article History
Received: November 1, 2018Accepted: January 30, 2019
ePublished: March 19, 2019
ABSTRACT
Aims
Gender identity disorder is one of the most important psychiatric disorders. Sex Reassignment Surgery (SRS), despite having high social and psychological pressure, heals many problems of these people. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing suicidal tendency in male operated and non-operated patients suffering from gender dysphoria in Fars province between the 2011 and 2013.
Instrument & Methods This cross sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in Fars province during 2012 to 2013 on 70 patients with gender dysphoria, dividing into 35 operated male to female patients and 35 non-operated male to female patients by available sampling method. Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) was used to measure susceptibility of individuals to suicide. The findings were analyzed, suing SPSS 22 software and by ANOVA.
Findings The mean age of the patients in the population was 27.47±3.30 years. The mean of suicidal tendency was significantly different between the operated and non-operated patients and the non-operated group was more likely to commit suicide than the operated group (F=4.09; p<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between age of the studied population and suicide susceptibility. In other words, with increasing age, the susceptibility to suicide was reduced.
Conclusion The operated patients with gender identity disorder are more likely to suicide and are more susceptible to suicide compared with the non-operated patients.
Instrument & Methods This cross sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in Fars province during 2012 to 2013 on 70 patients with gender dysphoria, dividing into 35 operated male to female patients and 35 non-operated male to female patients by available sampling method. Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) was used to measure susceptibility of individuals to suicide. The findings were analyzed, suing SPSS 22 software and by ANOVA.
Findings The mean age of the patients in the population was 27.47±3.30 years. The mean of suicidal tendency was significantly different between the operated and non-operated patients and the non-operated group was more likely to commit suicide than the operated group (F=4.09; p<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between age of the studied population and suicide susceptibility. In other words, with increasing age, the susceptibility to suicide was reduced.
Conclusion The operated patients with gender identity disorder are more likely to suicide and are more susceptible to suicide compared with the non-operated patients.
CITATION LINKS
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[12]Zamani N, Habibi M, Darvishi M. Compare the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy and cognitive behavioral group therapy in reducing depression in mothers of children with disabilities. Arak Med Univ J. 2015;18(1):32-42. [Persian]
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[14]Zamani N, Farhadi M, Jamilian HR, Habibi M. Effectiveness of group dialectical behavior therapy (based on core distress tolerance and emotion regulation components) on expulsive anger and impulsive behaviors. Arak Med Univ J. 2014;17(11):53-61. [Persian]
[15]Flamenbalum R. Testing Shneidman's theory of suicide: Psychache as a prospective predictor of suicidality and comparison with hopelessness. (Dissertation). Kingston: Queen's University; 2009.
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[17]Shakeri A, Jafarizadeh F, Zarenezhad M. Epidemiology of suicide deaths in Fars province, 2007-2011. Iran J Epidemiol. 2014;10(1):56-64. [Persian]
[18]Zarenezhad M, Gorgi Z, Shikh Fathollahi M, Gholamzade S, Ghadipasha M, Rezaeian M. Epidemiological survey of suicide in Fars province in the south of Iran during 2003 to 2011. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci. 2015;13(12):1129-40. [Persian]
[19]Aghabakhshi H, Sedighi B, Ghaffari Barzegar M. Study the causes and factors of suicide attempts in Transsexual. J Soc Res. 2009;2(5):97-122. [Persian]
[20]Javaherian F, Kouchakian Z. Disorders and its social aspects: the case study on trans sexuality in Iran. Soc Walfare. 2006;5(21):265-92. [Persian]
[21]MacNeil J, Bailey L, Ellis S, Morton J, Regan M. Trans mental health study 2012. Sheffield: Sheffield Hallam University; 2012. p.91-2.
[22]Zucker KJ. Gender identity disorder in children and adolescents. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2005;1:467-92.
[23]Levey R, Curfman WC. Sexual and gender identity disorder. Science. 2004;30(6):1034-7.
[24]Anisi J, Fathi Ashtiyani A, Salimi SH, Ahmadi Noode Kh. Assessment reliability and validity of the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation soldiers. J Milit Med. 2005;7(1):33-7. [Persian]
[25]Vasegh Rahimparvar SF, Mousavi MS, Raeisi F, Khodabandeh F, Bohrani N. Comparison of quality of life in gender identity disorders after sex reassignment surgery with normal women in Tehran, Iran, 2012. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2013;16(74):10-19. [Persian]
[26]Javaheri F, Hosseinzade M. Social consequences of sexual identity disorder: a study on transsexuals’ social capital and quality of life. J Iran Soc Stud. 2011;5(3):3-22. [Persian]
[27]Jalali AH, Alavi K, Pakdel S, Ahmdzad Asl M, Eftekhar M. Knowledge and attitude toward AIDS in patients with gender identity disorder presenting to Tehran psychiatric institute. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol. 2011;17(3);256-61. [Persian]
[28]Sharifkhani J, Hadiyan M. Investigate the causes and risk factors of suicide phenomenon in the city of Mehran. Iran Sociol Assoc. 2006. [Persian]
[29]Socías ME, Marshall BDL, Arístegui I, Zalazar V, Romero M, Sued O, Kerr T. Towards full citizenship: correlates of engagement with the gender identity law among transwomen in Argentina. PLoS One.2014; 9(8):e105402.
[2]Bockting WO, Rosser BR, ScheltemaK. Transgender HIV prevention: implementation and evaluation of a workshop. Health Educ Res. 1999;14(2):177-83.
[3]Bockting W. Sexual identity development. In Nelson textbook of pediatrics. Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, Geme J, Schor NF, Behrman R, editors. 19th Edition. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2011. p.104.
[4]Halgin RP, Vitbourn SK. Abonormal psychology: clinical perspectives on psychological disorders. Seyed Mohamadi Y, translator. 4th Edition. Tehran: Ravan; 2005. p28.
[5]Swaab DF. Sexual differentiation of the brain and behavior. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;21(3):431-44.
[6]American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. 5th Edition. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013. p. 11-29.
[7]Sadock BJ, Sadock VA, Ruiz P. Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry. 9th Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009.
[8]Ganji M. Psychopathology based on DSM-5. 1st Edition. Tehran: Savalan; 2014. [Persian]
[9]Hedjazi A, Zarenezhad M, Hoseinzadeh A, Hassanzadeh R, Hosseini SM. Socio-demographic characteristics of transsexuals referred to the forensic medicine center in southwest of Iran. N Am J Med Sci. 2013;5(3):224–7.
[10]Bursztein Lipsicas C, Mäkinen I, Apter A, De Leo D, Kerkhof A, Lönnqvist J, et al. Attempted suicide among immigrants in European countries: an international perspective. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2012;47(2):241-51.
[11]Grzywa A, Kucmin A, Kucmin T. Suicide problems-epidemiology, factors, motives and prevention. PartII. Pol Merkur Lekarski .2010;28(164):174-6.
[12]Zamani N, Habibi M, Darvishi M. Compare the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy and cognitive behavioral group therapy in reducing depression in mothers of children with disabilities. Arak Med Univ J. 2015;18(1):32-42. [Persian]
[13]Palmer S. Suicide: strategies and interventions for reduction and prevention. New York/London: Routledge; 2008.
[14]Zamani N, Farhadi M, Jamilian HR, Habibi M. Effectiveness of group dialectical behavior therapy (based on core distress tolerance and emotion regulation components) on expulsive anger and impulsive behaviors. Arak Med Univ J. 2014;17(11):53-61. [Persian]
[15]Flamenbalum R. Testing Shneidman's theory of suicide: Psychache as a prospective predictor of suicidality and comparison with hopelessness. (Dissertation). Kingston: Queen's University; 2009.
[16]Mosavi F, Sajadi H, Rafiee H, Feyzi A. Familial factors related to attempted suicide. Soc Welfare Q. 2007;7(27):53-72. [Persian]
[17]Shakeri A, Jafarizadeh F, Zarenezhad M. Epidemiology of suicide deaths in Fars province, 2007-2011. Iran J Epidemiol. 2014;10(1):56-64. [Persian]
[18]Zarenezhad M, Gorgi Z, Shikh Fathollahi M, Gholamzade S, Ghadipasha M, Rezaeian M. Epidemiological survey of suicide in Fars province in the south of Iran during 2003 to 2011. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci. 2015;13(12):1129-40. [Persian]
[19]Aghabakhshi H, Sedighi B, Ghaffari Barzegar M. Study the causes and factors of suicide attempts in Transsexual. J Soc Res. 2009;2(5):97-122. [Persian]
[20]Javaherian F, Kouchakian Z. Disorders and its social aspects: the case study on trans sexuality in Iran. Soc Walfare. 2006;5(21):265-92. [Persian]
[21]MacNeil J, Bailey L, Ellis S, Morton J, Regan M. Trans mental health study 2012. Sheffield: Sheffield Hallam University; 2012. p.91-2.
[22]Zucker KJ. Gender identity disorder in children and adolescents. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2005;1:467-92.
[23]Levey R, Curfman WC. Sexual and gender identity disorder. Science. 2004;30(6):1034-7.
[24]Anisi J, Fathi Ashtiyani A, Salimi SH, Ahmadi Noode Kh. Assessment reliability and validity of the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation soldiers. J Milit Med. 2005;7(1):33-7. [Persian]
[25]Vasegh Rahimparvar SF, Mousavi MS, Raeisi F, Khodabandeh F, Bohrani N. Comparison of quality of life in gender identity disorders after sex reassignment surgery with normal women in Tehran, Iran, 2012. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2013;16(74):10-19. [Persian]
[26]Javaheri F, Hosseinzade M. Social consequences of sexual identity disorder: a study on transsexuals’ social capital and quality of life. J Iran Soc Stud. 2011;5(3):3-22. [Persian]
[27]Jalali AH, Alavi K, Pakdel S, Ahmdzad Asl M, Eftekhar M. Knowledge and attitude toward AIDS in patients with gender identity disorder presenting to Tehran psychiatric institute. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol. 2011;17(3);256-61. [Persian]
[28]Sharifkhani J, Hadiyan M. Investigate the causes and risk factors of suicide phenomenon in the city of Mehran. Iran Sociol Assoc. 2006. [Persian]
[29]Socías ME, Marshall BDL, Arístegui I, Zalazar V, Romero M, Sued O, Kerr T. Towards full citizenship: correlates of engagement with the gender identity law among transwomen in Argentina. PLoS One.2014; 9(8):e105402.