@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2014;20(1):29-33
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2014;20(1):29-33
Evaluation of the Prevalence of Hypomagnesemia in the First 24th Hour after Selective Operations in Intensive Care Unit Patients
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Peivandi Yazdi A. (1)Hashemi I. (2)
Salehi M. (3)
Masoumzadeh M. (1)
Razavi M. (* )
(* ) “Cardiac Anesthesia Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital” & “Anesthesiology Department, Medicine Faculty”, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
(1) “Cardiac Anesthesia Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital” & “Anesthesiology Department, Medicine Faculty” , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
(2) Clinical Biochemistry Department, Medicine Faculty , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
(3) Social Medicine Department, Medicine Faculty, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Correspondence
Address: 2nd Floor, No. 37, East Golestan 6th Street, Golestan Street, Mashhad, Iran. Postal Code: 9697114155Phone: +985118525209
Fax: +985118525209
razavim@mums.ac.ir
Article History
Received: December 13, 2013Accepted: March 11, 2014
ePublished: February 1, 2014
ABSTRACT
Aims
Hypomagnesemia is observed in 15-10% of patients admitted to the hospital
and in 40-60% of intensive care units patients. This study was done to investigate the
prevalence of hypomagnesemia in patients undergoing elective surgery in the first 24
hours of hospitalization.
Materials & Methods In this interventional cross-sectional study, 60 patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery with general anesthesia and were admitted to the ICU were selected using simple sampling method. Age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), SAPS number, the probability of mortality based on SAPS, sodium, total magnesium, calcium, potassium and plasma phosphorus levels within 24 hours of hospitalization and the total urinary excretion of magnesium in the first 24-hour of hospitalization at ICU was measured and recorded. Independent T and Chi square tests were used for statistical analysis.
Findings Serum magnesium, sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus and demographic characteristics (age, gender, weight, height and BMI), did not show any significant correlations with total magnesium deficiency of body after loading of magnesium dosage. Also there was no significant correlation between total magnesium deficiency of body after magnesium dosage loading and the duration of being at ICU. But there was a significant difference in total magnesium deficiency of body after dosage loading of magnesium with expected mortality rate of patients using SAPS parameter (p=0.013).
Conclusion Magnesium Serum level is an unreliable indicator of hypomagnesemia. The greater the total magnesium deficiency of the body, the worse the prognosis is.
Materials & Methods In this interventional cross-sectional study, 60 patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery with general anesthesia and were admitted to the ICU were selected using simple sampling method. Age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), SAPS number, the probability of mortality based on SAPS, sodium, total magnesium, calcium, potassium and plasma phosphorus levels within 24 hours of hospitalization and the total urinary excretion of magnesium in the first 24-hour of hospitalization at ICU was measured and recorded. Independent T and Chi square tests were used for statistical analysis.
Findings Serum magnesium, sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus and demographic characteristics (age, gender, weight, height and BMI), did not show any significant correlations with total magnesium deficiency of body after loading of magnesium dosage. Also there was no significant correlation between total magnesium deficiency of body after magnesium dosage loading and the duration of being at ICU. But there was a significant difference in total magnesium deficiency of body after dosage loading of magnesium with expected mortality rate of patients using SAPS parameter (p=0.013).
Conclusion Magnesium Serum level is an unreliable indicator of hypomagnesemia. The greater the total magnesium deficiency of the body, the worse the prognosis is.
CITATION LINKS
[1]Chrun LR, Joao PR. Hypomagnesemia after spinal fusion. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2012;88(3):227-32.
[2]Safavi M, Honarmand A. Admission hypomagnesemia impact on mortality or morbidity in critically ill patients. Middle East J Anesthesiol. 2007;19(3):645-60.
[3]Tong GM, Rude RK. Magnesium deficiency in critical illness. J Intensive Care Med. 2006;20(1):3-17. (http://jic.sagepub.com/content/20/1/3.short)
[4]Escuela MP, Guerra M, Anon JM, Martinez-Vizcaino V, Zapatero MD, Garcia-Jalon A, et al. Total and ionized serum magnesium in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2005;31(1):151-6.
[5]Gunther T. Magnesium in bone and the magnesium load test. Magnesium research. 2011;24(4):223-4.
[6]Waters RS, Fernholz K, Bryden NA, Anderson RA. Intravenous magnesium sulfate with and without EDTA as a magnesium load test-is magnesium deficiency widespread? Biol Trace Elem Res. 2008;124(3):243-50.
[7]Trauninger A, Pfund Z, Koszegi T, Czopf J. Oral magnesium load test in patients with migraine. Headache. 2002;42(2):114-9.
[8]Toral JR, Martinez HD, Martinez RM, Llobell SG, Peralba VJ, Ribera CJ. Intravenous magnesium load test in elderly patients with protein-energy malnutrition. Magnes Res. 1996;9(4):293-8.
[9]Cohen L, Laor A. Correlation between bone magnesium concentration and magnesium retention in the intravenous magnesium load test. Magnes Res. 1990;3(4):271-4.
[10]Holm CN, Jepsen JM, Sjogaard G, Hessov I. A magnesium load test in the diagnosis of magnesium deficiency. Hum nutr Clin nutri. 1987;41(4):301-6.
[11]Ayuk J, Gittoes NJ. How should hypomagnesaemia be investigated and treated? Clin Endocrinol. 2011;75(6):743-6.
[12]Wilson RB, Erskine C, Crowe PJ. Hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy: prospective study. World J Surg. 2000;24(6):722-6.
[13]Soave PM, Conti G, Costa R, Arcangeli A. Magnesium and anaesthesia. Curr Drug Targets. 2009;10(8):734-43.
[14]Alday ME, Una OR, Redondo CF, Criado JA. Magnesium in anesthesia and postoperative recovery care. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion. 2005;52(4):222-34.
[15]Reinhart RA, Desbiens NA. Hypomagnesemia in patients entering the ICU. Crit Care Med. 1985;13(6):506-7.
[16]Chernow B, Bamberger S, Stoiko M, Vadnais M, Mills S, Hoellerich V, et al. Hypomagnesemia in patients in postoperative intensive care. Chest. 1989;95(2):391-7.
[17]Soliman HM, Mercan D, Lobo SS, Melot C, Vincent JL. Development of ionized hypomagnesemia is associated with higher mortality rates. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(4):1082-7.
[18]Delhumeau A, Granry JC, Monrigal JP, Costerousse F. Indications for the use of magnesium in anesthesia and intensive care. Annales Francaises d'anesthesie et de Reanimation. 1995;14(5):406-16.
[2]Safavi M, Honarmand A. Admission hypomagnesemia impact on mortality or morbidity in critically ill patients. Middle East J Anesthesiol. 2007;19(3):645-60.
[3]Tong GM, Rude RK. Magnesium deficiency in critical illness. J Intensive Care Med. 2006;20(1):3-17. (http://jic.sagepub.com/content/20/1/3.short)
[4]Escuela MP, Guerra M, Anon JM, Martinez-Vizcaino V, Zapatero MD, Garcia-Jalon A, et al. Total and ionized serum magnesium in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2005;31(1):151-6.
[5]Gunther T. Magnesium in bone and the magnesium load test. Magnesium research. 2011;24(4):223-4.
[6]Waters RS, Fernholz K, Bryden NA, Anderson RA. Intravenous magnesium sulfate with and without EDTA as a magnesium load test-is magnesium deficiency widespread? Biol Trace Elem Res. 2008;124(3):243-50.
[7]Trauninger A, Pfund Z, Koszegi T, Czopf J. Oral magnesium load test in patients with migraine. Headache. 2002;42(2):114-9.
[8]Toral JR, Martinez HD, Martinez RM, Llobell SG, Peralba VJ, Ribera CJ. Intravenous magnesium load test in elderly patients with protein-energy malnutrition. Magnes Res. 1996;9(4):293-8.
[9]Cohen L, Laor A. Correlation between bone magnesium concentration and magnesium retention in the intravenous magnesium load test. Magnes Res. 1990;3(4):271-4.
[10]Holm CN, Jepsen JM, Sjogaard G, Hessov I. A magnesium load test in the diagnosis of magnesium deficiency. Hum nutr Clin nutri. 1987;41(4):301-6.
[11]Ayuk J, Gittoes NJ. How should hypomagnesaemia be investigated and treated? Clin Endocrinol. 2011;75(6):743-6.
[12]Wilson RB, Erskine C, Crowe PJ. Hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy: prospective study. World J Surg. 2000;24(6):722-6.
[13]Soave PM, Conti G, Costa R, Arcangeli A. Magnesium and anaesthesia. Curr Drug Targets. 2009;10(8):734-43.
[14]Alday ME, Una OR, Redondo CF, Criado JA. Magnesium in anesthesia and postoperative recovery care. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion. 2005;52(4):222-34.
[15]Reinhart RA, Desbiens NA. Hypomagnesemia in patients entering the ICU. Crit Care Med. 1985;13(6):506-7.
[16]Chernow B, Bamberger S, Stoiko M, Vadnais M, Mills S, Hoellerich V, et al. Hypomagnesemia in patients in postoperative intensive care. Chest. 1989;95(2):391-7.
[17]Soliman HM, Mercan D, Lobo SS, Melot C, Vincent JL. Development of ionized hypomagnesemia is associated with higher mortality rates. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(4):1082-7.
[18]Delhumeau A, Granry JC, Monrigal JP, Costerousse F. Indications for the use of magnesium in anesthesia and intensive care. Annales Francaises d'anesthesie et de Reanimation. 1995;14(5):406-16.