@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2017;4(3):4-11
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2017;4(3):4-11
Effect of a Nutrition Training Program for the Prevention of Preeclampsia on Nutritional Behaviors of Pregnant Women
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Haghi Fahimeh (1)Niknami Shamsodin (*)
Sadat Tavafian Sedigheh (1)
(*) Department of Health Education, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
(1) Department of Health Education, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
(1) Department of Health Education, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Article History
Received: September 11, 2017Accepted: October 20, 2017
ePublished: December 21, 2017
ABSTRACT
Aims
Preeclampsia (PE) is the most common complication of pregnancy and one of the top three causes of maternal death. Considering the high prevalence of PE, this study was conducted to determine the effect of nutrition training program for the prevention of PE on the nutritional behaviors of pregnant women in Pol-e dokhtar, Iran, 2017.
Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was carried out among 120 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy referred to the healthcare centers of Pol-e dokhtar, Iran, in 2017. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control (60 individuals per group). The subjects were selected through cluster sampling method, and data were collected using a questionnaire developed by the researcher including questions about the participants’ demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and function. Data analysis was performed using Chi-squared, Fisher’s exact test, independent samples t-test, and paired t-test by the help of SPSS software, version 16.
Findings The results showed significant differences between the groups in terms of the level of knowledge, attitude, and function (P<0.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference between the pre- and post-intervention scores of knowledge, attitude, and function in the intervention group (P<0.001).
Conclusion Educational intervention was effective in the prevention of PE in pregnant women through changing their nutritional behaviors. Therefore, it is suggested to educate pregnant women; moreover, further studies are recommended to confirm the results.
Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was carried out among 120 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy referred to the healthcare centers of Pol-e dokhtar, Iran, in 2017. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control (60 individuals per group). The subjects were selected through cluster sampling method, and data were collected using a questionnaire developed by the researcher including questions about the participants’ demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and function. Data analysis was performed using Chi-squared, Fisher’s exact test, independent samples t-test, and paired t-test by the help of SPSS software, version 16.
Findings The results showed significant differences between the groups in terms of the level of knowledge, attitude, and function (P<0.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference between the pre- and post-intervention scores of knowledge, attitude, and function in the intervention group (P<0.001).
Conclusion Educational intervention was effective in the prevention of PE in pregnant women through changing their nutritional behaviors. Therefore, it is suggested to educate pregnant women; moreover, further studies are recommended to confirm the results.
CITATION LINKS
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[18]Lindau ST, Tomori C, Lyons T, Langseth L, Bennett CL, Garcia P. The association of health literacy with cervical cancer prevention knowledge and health behaviors in a multiethnic cohort of women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(5):938-43. PMID: 12015518
[19]Scott TL, Gazmararian JA, Williams MV, Baker DW. Health literacy and preventive health care use among Medicare enrollees in a managed care organization. Med Care. 2002;40(5):395-404. PMID: 11961474
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[23]Meher S, Duley L. Exercise or other physical activity for preventing pre‐eclampsia and its complications. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;2:CD005942. PMID: 16625645 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005942.
[24]Esfahankalate S, Hasheminasab SM, Esfahankalate A. Effect of Lecture and Group Discussion on Improving the Nutritional knowledge of Pregnant Women in Gorgan. J Res Dev Nurs Midwifery. 2014;11(2):31-7. [Persian]
[25]Jahdi F, Montazeri A, Balouchi M, Behboodi MZ. The impact of group prenatal care on pregnant women empowerment. Payesh J. 2014;13(2):229-34. [Persian]
[26]Garg A, Kashyap S. Effect of counseling on nutritional status during pregnancy. Indian J Pediatr. 2006;73(8):687-92. PMID: 16936363
[27]Anderson AS, Campbell DM, Shepherd R. The influence of dietary advice on nutrient intake during pregnancy. Br J Nutr. 1995;73(2):163-77. PMID: 7718538
[28]Boyd NR, Windsor RA. A formative evaluation in maternal and child health practice: the partners for life nutrition education program for pregnant women. Matern Child Health J. 2003;7(2):137-43. PMID: 12870629
[29]Young MF, Nguyen PH, Addo OY, Hao W, Nguyen H, Pham H, et al. The relative influence of maternal nutritional status before and during pregnancy on birth outcomes in Vietnam. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2015;194:223-7. PMID: 26454228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.09.018
[30]Widga AC, Lewis NM. Defined, in-home, prenatal nutrition intervention for low-income women. J Am Diet Assoc. 1999;99(9):1058-62. PMID: 10491673 DOI: 10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00251-5
[31]Burr ML, Trembeth J, Jones KB, Geen J, Lynch LA, Roberts ZE. The effects of dietary advice and vouchers on the intake of fruit and fruit juice by pregnant women in a deprived area: a controlled trial. Public Health Nutr. 2007;10(6):559-65. PMID: 17381912 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980007249730
[32]Szwajcer EM, Hiddink GJ, Koelen MA, van Woerkum CM. Nutrition awareness and pregnancy: implication for the life course perspective. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2007;135(1): 58-64. PMID: 17178186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2006.11.012
[33]Ostad RA, Safaeian AA, Modaresi ZH, Pourabdelahi P, Mahdavi R. Effect of nutrition education intervention on nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among female employees of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Med J Tabriz Univ Med Sci. 2010;31(4):12-7. [Persian]
[34]Esfandyari Nejad P, Najar S, Afshari P, Yaralizadeh M, Nezamivand Chegini S. Evaluation of pregnant women's satisfaction of presented prenatal care at Ahvaz health care centers. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2016;19(31):13-22. [Persian]
[35]Jafari F, Eftekhar H, Mohammad K, Fotouhi A. Does group prenatal care affect satisfaction and prenatal care utilization in Iranian pregnant women? Iran J Public Health. 2010;39(2):52. [Persian]
[36]Vameghi R, Mohammad K, Karimloo M, Soleimani F, Sajedi F. The effects of health education through face to face teaching and educational movies, on suburban women in childbearing age. Iran J Public Health. 2010;39(2):77-88. PMID: 23113010
[37]Yeh MC, Ickes SB, Lowenstein LM, Shuval K, Ammerman AS, Farris R, et al. Understanding barriers and facilitators of fruit and vegetable consumption among a diverse multi-ethnic population in the USA. Health Promot Int. 2008;23(1):42-51. PMID: 18182418 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dam044
[38]Fathian Z, Sharifirad GR, Hasanzadeh A, Fathian Z. Study of the effects of Behavioral Intention Model education on reducing the cesarean rate among pregnant women of Khomeiny-Shahr, Isfahan, in 2006. Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 2007;9(2):123-31. [Persian]
[2]Amorim MM, Souza AS, Katz L. Planned caesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for severe pre‐eclampsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;10:CD009430. PMID: 29058762 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009430.pub2
[3]Frampton GK, Jones J, Rose M, Payne L. Placental growth factor (alone or in combination with soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1) as an aid to the assessment of women with suspected pre-eclampsia: systematic review and economic analysis. Health Technol Assess. 2016;20(87):1-160. PMID: 27918253 DOI: 10.3310/hta20870
[4]Churchill D, Duley L, Thornton JG, Jones L. Interventionist versus expectant care for severe pre‐eclampsia between 24 and 34 weeks' gestation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;7:CD003106. PMID: 23888485 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003106.pub2
[5]Henderson JT, Thompson JH, Burda BU, Cantor A. Preeclampsia screening: evidence report and systematic review for the US preventive services task force. JAMA. 2017;317(16):1668-83. PMID: 28444285 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2016.18315
[6]Heilmann L, Rath W, Pollow K. Hemorheological changes in women with severe preeclampsia. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2004;31(1):49-58. PMID: 15272153
[7]Moafi F, Dolatian M, Keshavarz Z, Alavi Majd H, Dejman M. Association between social support and maternal stress with preeclampsia. Soc Welfare Quart. 2013;13(48):151-70. [Persian]
[8]Kojouri M. Women's special care. Tehran: Bashra Publications; 2000. P. 120-2. [Persian]
[9]Moleeinejad M. Blood pressure in pregnancy and preeclampsia. Reproductive Health. Avalible at: URL: http://www.drmolaei.ir/index.php?ToDo=ShowArticles&AID=7091; 2010. [Persian]
[10]Sirohiwal D, Dahiya K, Khaneja N. Use of 24-hour urinary protein and calcium for prediction of preeclampsia. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;48(2):113-5. PMID: 19574169 DOI: 10.1016/S1028-4559(09)60268-0
[11]Morikawa H, Yoshida S. Toxemie of pregnancy and magnesium. Clin Calcium. 2005;15(2):213-9. PMID: 15692159 DOI: CliCa0502213219
[12]Kooshki A, Mortazavi F, Akbari A. The Relationship between Diet and Development of Gestational Hypertension. J Sabzevar Univ Med Sci. 2009;16(2):100-7. [Persian].
[13]Khatouni A. Babysitters and mothers care and health. Tehran, Iran: Aftab Publication; 2002. P. 73-5. [Persian]
[14]Casey BM, Dashe JS, Wells CE, McIntire DD, Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG. Subclinical hyperthyroidism and pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107(2, Part 1):337-41. DOI: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000197991.64246.9a
[15]Rumbold A, Middleton P, Pan N, Crowther CA. Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;1:CD004073. PMID: 21249660 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004073.pub3
[16]Richardson BE, Baird DD. A study of milk and calcium supplement intake and subsequent preeclampsia in a cohort of pregnant women. Am J Epidemiol. 1995;141(7):667-73. PMID: 7702042
[17]Shieh C, Halstead JA. Understanding the impact of health literacy on women's health. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2009;38(5):601-12. PMID: 19883483 DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2009.01059.x
[18]Lindau ST, Tomori C, Lyons T, Langseth L, Bennett CL, Garcia P. The association of health literacy with cervical cancer prevention knowledge and health behaviors in a multiethnic cohort of women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(5):938-43. PMID: 12015518
[19]Scott TL, Gazmararian JA, Williams MV, Baker DW. Health literacy and preventive health care use among Medicare enrollees in a managed care organization. Med Care. 2002;40(5):395-404. PMID: 11961474
[20]Cunningham F, Leveno K, Bloom S, Spong CY, Dashe J. Williams obstetrics. 24th ed. New York: Mcgraw-Hill; 2014. P. 706-49.
[21]Saberi M, Khalilipour Ardestani M. Basic modern nutrition. 1st ed. Tehran: Royan Pajouh Publications; 2012. P. 539-40 .[Persian]
[22]Brantsæter AL, Haugen M, Samuelsen SO, Torjusen H, Trogstad L, Alexander J, et al. A dietary pattern characterized by high intake of vegetables, fruits, and vegetable oils is associated with reduced risk of preeclampsia in nulliparous pregnant Norwegian women. J Nutr. 2009;139(6):1162-8. PMID: 19369368 DOI: 10.3945/jn.109.104968
[23]Meher S, Duley L. Exercise or other physical activity for preventing pre‐eclampsia and its complications. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;2:CD005942. PMID: 16625645 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005942.
[24]Esfahankalate S, Hasheminasab SM, Esfahankalate A. Effect of Lecture and Group Discussion on Improving the Nutritional knowledge of Pregnant Women in Gorgan. J Res Dev Nurs Midwifery. 2014;11(2):31-7. [Persian]
[25]Jahdi F, Montazeri A, Balouchi M, Behboodi MZ. The impact of group prenatal care on pregnant women empowerment. Payesh J. 2014;13(2):229-34. [Persian]
[26]Garg A, Kashyap S. Effect of counseling on nutritional status during pregnancy. Indian J Pediatr. 2006;73(8):687-92. PMID: 16936363
[27]Anderson AS, Campbell DM, Shepherd R. The influence of dietary advice on nutrient intake during pregnancy. Br J Nutr. 1995;73(2):163-77. PMID: 7718538
[28]Boyd NR, Windsor RA. A formative evaluation in maternal and child health practice: the partners for life nutrition education program for pregnant women. Matern Child Health J. 2003;7(2):137-43. PMID: 12870629
[29]Young MF, Nguyen PH, Addo OY, Hao W, Nguyen H, Pham H, et al. The relative influence of maternal nutritional status before and during pregnancy on birth outcomes in Vietnam. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2015;194:223-7. PMID: 26454228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.09.018
[30]Widga AC, Lewis NM. Defined, in-home, prenatal nutrition intervention for low-income women. J Am Diet Assoc. 1999;99(9):1058-62. PMID: 10491673 DOI: 10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00251-5
[31]Burr ML, Trembeth J, Jones KB, Geen J, Lynch LA, Roberts ZE. The effects of dietary advice and vouchers on the intake of fruit and fruit juice by pregnant women in a deprived area: a controlled trial. Public Health Nutr. 2007;10(6):559-65. PMID: 17381912 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980007249730
[32]Szwajcer EM, Hiddink GJ, Koelen MA, van Woerkum CM. Nutrition awareness and pregnancy: implication for the life course perspective. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2007;135(1): 58-64. PMID: 17178186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2006.11.012
[33]Ostad RA, Safaeian AA, Modaresi ZH, Pourabdelahi P, Mahdavi R. Effect of nutrition education intervention on nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among female employees of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Med J Tabriz Univ Med Sci. 2010;31(4):12-7. [Persian]
[34]Esfandyari Nejad P, Najar S, Afshari P, Yaralizadeh M, Nezamivand Chegini S. Evaluation of pregnant women's satisfaction of presented prenatal care at Ahvaz health care centers. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2016;19(31):13-22. [Persian]
[35]Jafari F, Eftekhar H, Mohammad K, Fotouhi A. Does group prenatal care affect satisfaction and prenatal care utilization in Iranian pregnant women? Iran J Public Health. 2010;39(2):52. [Persian]
[36]Vameghi R, Mohammad K, Karimloo M, Soleimani F, Sajedi F. The effects of health education through face to face teaching and educational movies, on suburban women in childbearing age. Iran J Public Health. 2010;39(2):77-88. PMID: 23113010
[37]Yeh MC, Ickes SB, Lowenstein LM, Shuval K, Ammerman AS, Farris R, et al. Understanding barriers and facilitators of fruit and vegetable consumption among a diverse multi-ethnic population in the USA. Health Promot Int. 2008;23(1):42-51. PMID: 18182418 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dam044
[38]Fathian Z, Sharifirad GR, Hasanzadeh A, Fathian Z. Study of the effects of Behavioral Intention Model education on reducing the cesarean rate among pregnant women of Khomeiny-Shahr, Isfahan, in 2006. Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 2007;9(2):123-31. [Persian]