@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-3483 Journal of Police Medicine 2019;8(2):53-58
ISSN: 2383-3483 Journal of Police Medicine 2019;8(2):53-58
Effect of the Balance Mental Practice on Dynamic Postural Control in Male Students of Amin Police University, Iran
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Hadi H. (*)Mohammadyari S. (1)
(*) Physical Education and Sport Science Department, Amin Police University, Tehran, Iran
(1) Physical Education and Sport Science Department, Imam Ali University, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Amin Police University, Shahid Kharazi Highway, End of Shahid Hemto West Road ,Tehran, IranPhone: -
Fax: +98 (21) 48931376
amir.hadi1@gmail.com
Article History
Received: November 21, 2018Accepted: January 20, 2019
ePublished: March 19, 2019
ABSTRACT
Aims
Postural control is an integral part of most daily activities and sports movements and is a decisive index in evaluating the performance of athletes. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the balance mental practice on dynamic postural control in male students of Amin Police University.
Materials & Methods In this experimental study, 30 non-athletic male students, who had no symptoms of lower limb injury, vestibular disorders, and injuries resulting in their inability to perform the tests, were randomly selected and divided into experimental and control groups in Amin University of Police Sciences in 2016. To evaluate the dynamic postural control of the subjects, after 5-10 minutes of lower limb stretch and warming, the Star excursion balance test (SEBT) was used in 8 directions. T-test and covariance analysis were used to analyze the data.
Findings There was a significant difference in the distance between the two groups in directions of posterior (p=0.001; F=252.352), postolateral (p=0.001; F=211.62), postomedial (p=0.001; F=195.52), medial, (p=0.001; F=41.358), and antriomedial (p=0.001; F=72.781). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in directions of anterior (p=0.152; F=78.647), anteriolateral (p=0.095; F=158.28), and lateral (p=0.218; F=142.631).
Conclusion Mental practice is an applied and effective way to improve the dynamic postural control of students of Amin Police University.
Materials & Methods In this experimental study, 30 non-athletic male students, who had no symptoms of lower limb injury, vestibular disorders, and injuries resulting in their inability to perform the tests, were randomly selected and divided into experimental and control groups in Amin University of Police Sciences in 2016. To evaluate the dynamic postural control of the subjects, after 5-10 minutes of lower limb stretch and warming, the Star excursion balance test (SEBT) was used in 8 directions. T-test and covariance analysis were used to analyze the data.
Findings There was a significant difference in the distance between the two groups in directions of posterior (p=0.001; F=252.352), postolateral (p=0.001; F=211.62), postomedial (p=0.001; F=195.52), medial, (p=0.001; F=41.358), and antriomedial (p=0.001; F=72.781). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in directions of anterior (p=0.152; F=78.647), anteriolateral (p=0.095; F=158.28), and lateral (p=0.218; F=142.631).
Conclusion Mental practice is an applied and effective way to improve the dynamic postural control of students of Amin Police University.
Keywords:
Balance Mental Practice,
Dynamic Postural Control,
Male Students,
Amin Police University,
SEBT,
CITATION LINKS
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[19]Fairweather MM, Sideway B. Iseokinetic imagery as a postural development technique. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2013;64(4):385-92.
[20]Harwood C, Cumming J, Hall C. Imagery use in elite youth sport: Reinforcing the applied of achievement goal theory. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2012;74(3):292-300.
[21]Guillot A, Lebon F, Rouffet D, Champely S, Doyon J, Collet C. Muscular responses during motor imagery as a function of muscle contraction types. Int J Psychophysiol. 2007;66(1):18-27.
[22] Crommond DJ. Motor imagery: Nerve in your wildest dream. Trends Neurosci. 1997;20(2):54-7.
[23]Decety J. The neurophy biological basis of motor imagery. Behav Brain Res. 1996;77(1-2):45-52.
[24]Gribble PA, Hertel J. Considerations for the normalizing measures of the star excursion balance test. Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 2003;7(2):89-100.
[25]Earl JE, Hertel J. Lower-extremity muscle activation during the star excursion balance tests. J Sport Rehabil. 2001;10(2):93-104.
[26]Niktab AR, Salari A. The effect of mental and physical practice on standing balance: The orthopaedic rehabilitation approach. J Kerman Univ Med Sci. 2003;10(3):172-9. [Persian]
[27]Decety J. Do imagine and executed actions share the same neural substrate?. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 1996;3(2):87-93.
[28]Stephan KM, Frackowiak RSJ. Motor imagery: Anatomical representation and electrophysiological characteristics. Neurochem Res. 1996;21(9):1105-16.
[29]Yágüez L, Nagel D, Hoffman H, Canavan AG, Wist E, Hömberg V. A mental route to motor learning: Improving Trajectorial kinematics through imagery training. Behav Brain Res. 1998;90(1):95-106.
[30]Fansler CL, Poff CL, Shepard KF. Effect of mental practice on balance in elderly women. Phys Ther. 1985;65(9):1332-8.
[31]Gandevia SC, Wilson LR, Inglis JT, Burke D. Mental rehearsal of motor tasks recruits motoneurons but fails to recruit human fusimotor neurons selectively. J Physiol. 1997;505(1):259-66.
[32]Anett J. Motor imagery: Perception or action?. Neuropsychologia. 1995;33(11):1395-417.
[2]Punakallio A. Balance abilities of workers in physically demanding jobs: With special reference to firefighters of different ages. J Sports Sci Med. 2005;4(8):1-47.
[3]Blackburn T, Guskiewicz KM, Petschaur MA, Prentice WE. Balance and joint stability: the relative contributions of proprioception and muscular strength. J Sport Rehabil. 2012;9(4):315-29.
[4]Spurrs RW, Murphy AJ, Watsford ML. The effect of plyometric training on distance running performance. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2003;89(1):1-7.
[5]Wikstrom EA, Tillman MD, Smith AN, Borsa PA. A new force-plate technology measure of dynamic postural stability. The dynamic postural stability index. J Athl Train. 2015;40(4):305-9.
[6]Salci Y, Kental BB, Heycan C, Akin S, Korkusuz F. Comparison of landing maneuvers between male and female college volleyball players. Clin Biomech. 2004;19(6):622-8.
[7]Boden BP, Dean GS, Feagin JA Jr, Garret WE Jr. Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Orthopedics. 2010;23(6):573-8.
[8] Gribble P, Hertel J, Denegar CR, Buckley WE. The effects of fatigue and chronic ankle instability on dynamic postural control. J Athl Train. 2004;39(4):321-9.
[9]Stane ML, Powers ME. The effects of plyometric training on selected measures of leg strength and power when compared to weight training and combination weight and plyometric training. J Athl Train. 2005;42(3):186-92.
[10]Weinberg RS, Gould D. Foundations of sport and exercise psychology. 2nd edition. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics publishers; 1999. pp. 265-84.
[11]Barr K, Hall C. The use of imagery by Rowers. Int J Sport Psychol. 1970;23:243-61.
[12]Decety J, Jeannerod M, Germain M, Pastene J. Vegetative response during imagined movement is proportional to mental effort. Behav Brain Res. 1991;42(1):1-5.
[13]Cohen H, Heaton LG, Congdon SL, Jenkins HA. Changes in sensory organization tests scores with age. Age Ageing. 1996;25(1):39-44.
[14]Cumming J, Hall C. Deliberate imagery practice: The development of imagery skills in competitive athletes. J Sports Sci. 2002;20(2):137-45.
[15]Fery YA, Morizot P. Kinesthetic and visual image in modeling closed motor skills: The example of the tennis serve. Percept Mot Skills. 2000;90(3 Pt 1):707-22.
[16]Millard M, Mahoney C, Wardrop J. A preliminary study of mental and physical practice on the kayak wet exit skill. Percept Mot Skills. 2001;92(3 Pt 2):977-84.
[17]Roure R, Collet C, Deschaumes-Molinaro C, Delhomme G, Dittmar A, Vernet-Maury E. Imagery quality estimated by autonomic response in correlated to sporting performance enhancement. Physiol Behav. 1999;66(1):63-72.
[18]Yue G, Cole KJ. Strength increases form the motor program: Comparison of training with maximal voluntary and imagined muscle Contractions. J Neurophysiol. 1992;67(5):1114-23.
[19]Fairweather MM, Sideway B. Iseokinetic imagery as a postural development technique. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2013;64(4):385-92.
[20]Harwood C, Cumming J, Hall C. Imagery use in elite youth sport: Reinforcing the applied of achievement goal theory. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2012;74(3):292-300.
[21]Guillot A, Lebon F, Rouffet D, Champely S, Doyon J, Collet C. Muscular responses during motor imagery as a function of muscle contraction types. Int J Psychophysiol. 2007;66(1):18-27.
[22] Crommond DJ. Motor imagery: Nerve in your wildest dream. Trends Neurosci. 1997;20(2):54-7.
[23]Decety J. The neurophy biological basis of motor imagery. Behav Brain Res. 1996;77(1-2):45-52.
[24]Gribble PA, Hertel J. Considerations for the normalizing measures of the star excursion balance test. Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 2003;7(2):89-100.
[25]Earl JE, Hertel J. Lower-extremity muscle activation during the star excursion balance tests. J Sport Rehabil. 2001;10(2):93-104.
[26]Niktab AR, Salari A. The effect of mental and physical practice on standing balance: The orthopaedic rehabilitation approach. J Kerman Univ Med Sci. 2003;10(3):172-9. [Persian]
[27]Decety J. Do imagine and executed actions share the same neural substrate?. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 1996;3(2):87-93.
[28]Stephan KM, Frackowiak RSJ. Motor imagery: Anatomical representation and electrophysiological characteristics. Neurochem Res. 1996;21(9):1105-16.
[29]Yágüez L, Nagel D, Hoffman H, Canavan AG, Wist E, Hömberg V. A mental route to motor learning: Improving Trajectorial kinematics through imagery training. Behav Brain Res. 1998;90(1):95-106.
[30]Fansler CL, Poff CL, Shepard KF. Effect of mental practice on balance in elderly women. Phys Ther. 1985;65(9):1332-8.
[31]Gandevia SC, Wilson LR, Inglis JT, Burke D. Mental rehearsal of motor tasks recruits motoneurons but fails to recruit human fusimotor neurons selectively. J Physiol. 1997;505(1):259-66.
[32]Anett J. Motor imagery: Perception or action?. Neuropsychologia. 1995;33(11):1395-417.