@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2016;22(3):185-191
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2016;22(3):185-191
Protective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Salvia officinalis L. against Acute Liver Toxicity of Acetaminophen in Mice
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Foruozandeh H. (*)Vosughi Niri M. (1)
Kalantar M. (1)
Azadi M. (1)
Samadani M. (1)
(*) Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
(1) Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Blood Transfusion Organization, Ghasr Dasht Street, Larestan, Fars, Iran. Postal Code: 74371-58385Phone: +987152242957
Fax: +987152244000
hosainforuozandeh@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: September 18, 2015Accepted: May 10, 2016
ePublished: June 30, 2016
ABSTRACT
Aims
The medical herbs play important roles in the treatment of liver diseases. In the traditional medicine, Salvia officinalis is highly used to heal a wide range of diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment effects of Saliva officinalis on hepatotoxicity due to acetaminophen.
Materials & Methods In the experimental study, 60 albino mice were studied. The rats were divided into 6 groups. The first, second, and third groups were physiological serum, crude extract of Saliva officinalis, and 500mg acetaminophen per 1Kg consumed as single dose, respectively. The fourth, fifth, and sixth groups received 5-day 125, 250, and 500mg per 1Kg extract of Saliva officinalis, respectively. Then, they received 500mg acetaminophen one hour after the last administration of extract. Blood sampling was done from the carotids of the rats 24hour later, and the levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes were measured. In addition, their liver tissues were studied. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16 software using one-way ANOVA.
Findings There were significant increases in the direct and complete bilirubin concentration and liver enzymes due to acetaminophen compared to control group (p<0.05). There were significant reductions in the direct and complete bilirubin and liver enzymes due to 125, 250, and 500mg per 1Kg of the extract of Saliva officinalis compared to control group (p<0.05). The results were confirmed by the histology studies.
Conclusion 250 and 500mg per 1Kg of Saliva officinalis potentially protect the damages caused by acetaminophen. In addition, they considerably improve the tissue damage and the biochemical indices in the liver damages.
Materials & Methods In the experimental study, 60 albino mice were studied. The rats were divided into 6 groups. The first, second, and third groups were physiological serum, crude extract of Saliva officinalis, and 500mg acetaminophen per 1Kg consumed as single dose, respectively. The fourth, fifth, and sixth groups received 5-day 125, 250, and 500mg per 1Kg extract of Saliva officinalis, respectively. Then, they received 500mg acetaminophen one hour after the last administration of extract. Blood sampling was done from the carotids of the rats 24hour later, and the levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes were measured. In addition, their liver tissues were studied. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16 software using one-way ANOVA.
Findings There were significant increases in the direct and complete bilirubin concentration and liver enzymes due to acetaminophen compared to control group (p<0.05). There were significant reductions in the direct and complete bilirubin and liver enzymes due to 125, 250, and 500mg per 1Kg of the extract of Saliva officinalis compared to control group (p<0.05). The results were confirmed by the histology studies.
Conclusion 250 and 500mg per 1Kg of Saliva officinalis potentially protect the damages caused by acetaminophen. In addition, they considerably improve the tissue damage and the biochemical indices in the liver damages.
CITATION LINKS
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[2]Grattagliano I, Bonfrate L, Diogo CV, Wang HH, Wang DQ, Portincasa P. Biochemical mechanisms in drug-induced liver injury: Certainties and doubts. World J Gastroenterol. 2009;15(39):4865-76.
[3]Chaudhari NB, Chittam K, Patil V. Hepatoprotective activity of cassia fistula seeds against paracetamol-induced hepatic injury in rats. Arch Pharm Sci Res. 2009;2(2):218-21.
[4]Thyagarajan S, Jayaram S, Gopalakrishnan V, Hari R, Jeyakumar P, Sripathi M. Herbal medicines for liver diseases in India. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17 (3):370-6.
[5]Ahmed OM, Moneim AA, Yazid IA, Mahmoud AM. antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects and the probable mechanisms of action of ruta graveolens infusion and rutin in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetol. 2010;39(1):15-35.
[6]Lu Y, Foo LY. Antioxidant activities of polyphenols from sage (Salvia officinalis). Food Chem. 2001;75(2):197-202.
[7]Wang M, Li J, Rangarajan M, Shao Y, LaVoie EJ, Huang TC, et al. Antioxidative phenolic compounds from sage (Salvia officinalis). J Agric Food Chem. 1998;46(12):4869-73.
[8]Biazar E, Rezayat SM, Montazeri N, Pourshamsian K, Zeinali R, Asefnejad A, et al. The effect of acetaminophen nanoparticles on liver toxicity in a rat model. Int J Nanomedicine. 2010;5:197-201.
[9]Corcoran GB, Mitchell JR, Vaishnav YN, Horning EC. Evidence that acetaminophen and N-hydroxyacetaminophen form a common arylating intermediate, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine. Mol Pharmacol. 1980;18(3):336-42.
[10]Park BK, Pirmohamed M, Kitheringham NR. The role of cytochorome p-450 enzymes in hepatic and extrahepatic human drug toxicity. Pharmacy Ther. 1995;68(30):385-424.
[11]Yoon E, Babar A, Choudhary M, Kutner M, Pyrsopoulos N. Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity: A comprehensive update. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2016;4(2):131-6.
[12]Sener G, Sehirili AO. Ayanoglu-Dulger G. Protective effect of melatonin, vitamin E and N-acetylcysteine against acetaminophen toxicity in mice: A comparative study. J Pineal Res. 2003;35(1):61-8.
[13]Yapar K, Kart A, Karapehlivan M, Atakisi O, Tunca R, Erginsoy S, et al. Hepatoprotective effect of L-carnitine against acute acetaminophen. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2007;59(2):121-8.
[14]Reitman S, Frankel S. A colorimetric method for the determination of serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic acid and pyruvic acid transaminases. Am J Clin Pathol. 1957;28(1):56-63.
[15]Grohmann K, Roser M, Rolinski B, Kadow I, Mller C, Goerlach-Graw A, et al. Bilirubin measurement for neonates: comparison of 9 frequently used methods. Pediatrics. 2006;117(4):1174-83.
[16]Watson D, Rogers JA. A study of six representative methods of plasma bilirubin analysis. J Clin Pathol. 1961;14(3):271-8.
[17]Ahsan R, Islam KM, Bulbul IJ, Musaddik A, Haque E. Hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of some medicinal plants against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. Global J Pharmacol. 2009;37(2):302-10.
[18]Angelico M, Gridelli B, Strazzabosco M; A.I.S.F. Commission on Liver Transplantation. Practice of adult liver transplantation in Italy: Recommendations of the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (A.I.S.F.). Dig Liver Dis. 2005;37(7):461-7.
[19]Bhawna S, Kumar SU. Hepatoprotective activity of some indigenous plants. Int J Pharm Tech Res. 2009;1(4):1330-4.
[20]Forouzandeh H, Azemi ME, Rashidi I, Goudarzi M, Kalantari H. Study of the protective effect of teucrium polium L. extract on acetaminophen- induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Iranian J Pharm Res. 2013;12(1):123-9.
[21]Ita SO, Akpanyung EO, Umoh BI, Ben EE, Ukafia SO. Acetaminophen induced hepatic toxicity: Protective role of Ageratum conyzoides. Pak J Nutr. 2009;8(7):928-32.
[22]Jollow DJ, Mitchell JR, Potter WZ, Davis DC, Gillette JR, Brodie BB. Acetaminophen-induced hepatic necrosis II; Role of covalent binding in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1973;187(1):195-202.
[23]Chenoweth MB, Hake CL. The smaller halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons. Annu Rev Pharmacol. 1962;2(1):363-98.
[24]Yamaguchi T, Terakado M, Horio F, Aoki K, Tanaka M, Nakajima H. Role of bilirubin as an antioxidant in an ischemia reperfusion of rat liver and induction of heme oxygenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996;223(1):129-35.
[25]Zaher H, Buters J, Ward JM, Bruno MK, Lucas AM, Stern ST, et al. Protection against acetaminophen toxicity in CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 double-null mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1998;152(1):193-9.
[26]Bhoopat L, Srichairatanakool S, Kanjanapothi D, Taesotikul T, Thananchai H, Bhoopat T. Hepatoprotective effects of lychee: A combination of antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011;136(1):55-66.
[27]Oboh G, Henle T. Antioxidant and inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of Salvia officinalis leaves on pro-oxidant-induced lipid peroxidation in brain and liver in vitro. J Med Food. 2009;12(1):77-84.
[28]Baricevic D, Bartol T. The biological/pharmacological activity of the Salvia genus. In: Kintzios SE. The Genus Salvia. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; 2000. 143-84.
[29]Lalićević S, Djordjević I. Comparison of benzydamine hydrochloride and Salvia officinalis as an adjuvant local treatment to systemic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in controlling pain after tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, or both: an open-label, single-blind, randomized clinical trial. Curr therapeu res. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2004;65(4):360-72.
[30]Hasani-Ranjbar S, Larijani B, Abdollahi M. A systematic review of the potential herbal sources of future drugs effective in oxidant-related diseases. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2009;8(1):2-10.
[31]Farhoudi M, Ghoratizadeh S, Ghodratizadeh S. Effects of Salvia officinalis extrct on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity. Glob Vet. 2011;7(4):353-7.
[32]Ramadan RS. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) extract against CCl4 intoxicated male rats. Life Sci. 2005;77(3):266-78.
[2]Grattagliano I, Bonfrate L, Diogo CV, Wang HH, Wang DQ, Portincasa P. Biochemical mechanisms in drug-induced liver injury: Certainties and doubts. World J Gastroenterol. 2009;15(39):4865-76.
[3]Chaudhari NB, Chittam K, Patil V. Hepatoprotective activity of cassia fistula seeds against paracetamol-induced hepatic injury in rats. Arch Pharm Sci Res. 2009;2(2):218-21.
[4]Thyagarajan S, Jayaram S, Gopalakrishnan V, Hari R, Jeyakumar P, Sripathi M. Herbal medicines for liver diseases in India. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17 (3):370-6.
[5]Ahmed OM, Moneim AA, Yazid IA, Mahmoud AM. antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects and the probable mechanisms of action of ruta graveolens infusion and rutin in nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetol. 2010;39(1):15-35.
[6]Lu Y, Foo LY. Antioxidant activities of polyphenols from sage (Salvia officinalis). Food Chem. 2001;75(2):197-202.
[7]Wang M, Li J, Rangarajan M, Shao Y, LaVoie EJ, Huang TC, et al. Antioxidative phenolic compounds from sage (Salvia officinalis). J Agric Food Chem. 1998;46(12):4869-73.
[8]Biazar E, Rezayat SM, Montazeri N, Pourshamsian K, Zeinali R, Asefnejad A, et al. The effect of acetaminophen nanoparticles on liver toxicity in a rat model. Int J Nanomedicine. 2010;5:197-201.
[9]Corcoran GB, Mitchell JR, Vaishnav YN, Horning EC. Evidence that acetaminophen and N-hydroxyacetaminophen form a common arylating intermediate, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine. Mol Pharmacol. 1980;18(3):336-42.
[10]Park BK, Pirmohamed M, Kitheringham NR. The role of cytochorome p-450 enzymes in hepatic and extrahepatic human drug toxicity. Pharmacy Ther. 1995;68(30):385-424.
[11]Yoon E, Babar A, Choudhary M, Kutner M, Pyrsopoulos N. Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity: A comprehensive update. J Clin Transl Hepatol. 2016;4(2):131-6.
[12]Sener G, Sehirili AO. Ayanoglu-Dulger G. Protective effect of melatonin, vitamin E and N-acetylcysteine against acetaminophen toxicity in mice: A comparative study. J Pineal Res. 2003;35(1):61-8.
[13]Yapar K, Kart A, Karapehlivan M, Atakisi O, Tunca R, Erginsoy S, et al. Hepatoprotective effect of L-carnitine against acute acetaminophen. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2007;59(2):121-8.
[14]Reitman S, Frankel S. A colorimetric method for the determination of serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic acid and pyruvic acid transaminases. Am J Clin Pathol. 1957;28(1):56-63.
[15]Grohmann K, Roser M, Rolinski B, Kadow I, Mller C, Goerlach-Graw A, et al. Bilirubin measurement for neonates: comparison of 9 frequently used methods. Pediatrics. 2006;117(4):1174-83.
[16]Watson D, Rogers JA. A study of six representative methods of plasma bilirubin analysis. J Clin Pathol. 1961;14(3):271-8.
[17]Ahsan R, Islam KM, Bulbul IJ, Musaddik A, Haque E. Hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of some medicinal plants against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. Global J Pharmacol. 2009;37(2):302-10.
[18]Angelico M, Gridelli B, Strazzabosco M; A.I.S.F. Commission on Liver Transplantation. Practice of adult liver transplantation in Italy: Recommendations of the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (A.I.S.F.). Dig Liver Dis. 2005;37(7):461-7.
[19]Bhawna S, Kumar SU. Hepatoprotective activity of some indigenous plants. Int J Pharm Tech Res. 2009;1(4):1330-4.
[20]Forouzandeh H, Azemi ME, Rashidi I, Goudarzi M, Kalantari H. Study of the protective effect of teucrium polium L. extract on acetaminophen- induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Iranian J Pharm Res. 2013;12(1):123-9.
[21]Ita SO, Akpanyung EO, Umoh BI, Ben EE, Ukafia SO. Acetaminophen induced hepatic toxicity: Protective role of Ageratum conyzoides. Pak J Nutr. 2009;8(7):928-32.
[22]Jollow DJ, Mitchell JR, Potter WZ, Davis DC, Gillette JR, Brodie BB. Acetaminophen-induced hepatic necrosis II; Role of covalent binding in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1973;187(1):195-202.
[23]Chenoweth MB, Hake CL. The smaller halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons. Annu Rev Pharmacol. 1962;2(1):363-98.
[24]Yamaguchi T, Terakado M, Horio F, Aoki K, Tanaka M, Nakajima H. Role of bilirubin as an antioxidant in an ischemia reperfusion of rat liver and induction of heme oxygenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996;223(1):129-35.
[25]Zaher H, Buters J, Ward JM, Bruno MK, Lucas AM, Stern ST, et al. Protection against acetaminophen toxicity in CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 double-null mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1998;152(1):193-9.
[26]Bhoopat L, Srichairatanakool S, Kanjanapothi D, Taesotikul T, Thananchai H, Bhoopat T. Hepatoprotective effects of lychee: A combination of antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activities. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011;136(1):55-66.
[27]Oboh G, Henle T. Antioxidant and inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts of Salvia officinalis leaves on pro-oxidant-induced lipid peroxidation in brain and liver in vitro. J Med Food. 2009;12(1):77-84.
[28]Baricevic D, Bartol T. The biological/pharmacological activity of the Salvia genus. In: Kintzios SE. The Genus Salvia. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; 2000. 143-84.
[29]Lalićević S, Djordjević I. Comparison of benzydamine hydrochloride and Salvia officinalis as an adjuvant local treatment to systemic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in controlling pain after tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, or both: an open-label, single-blind, randomized clinical trial. Curr therapeu res. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2004;65(4):360-72.
[30]Hasani-Ranjbar S, Larijani B, Abdollahi M. A systematic review of the potential herbal sources of future drugs effective in oxidant-related diseases. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2009;8(1):2-10.
[31]Farhoudi M, Ghoratizadeh S, Ghodratizadeh S. Effects of Salvia officinalis extrct on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity. Glob Vet. 2011;7(4):353-7.
[32]Ramadan RS. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) extract against CCl4 intoxicated male rats. Life Sci. 2005;77(3):266-78.