@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-3483 Journal of Police Medicine 2019;8(2):93-98
ISSN: 2383-3483 Journal of Police Medicine 2019;8(2):93-98
Predication of Mindfulness Based on Cognitive Abilities and its Sub-Components in NAJA University’s Students
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Ajilchi B. (*)Rahmani J. (1)
Zoghi L. (2)
(*) Motor Behavior Department, Physical Education & Sport Sciences Faculty, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
(1) Physical Education Department, Physical Education & Sport Sciences Faculty, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
(2) Psychology Department, Psychology & Educational Sciences Faculty, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Physical Education & Sport Sciences Faculty, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Village Square, Olympic Village, Tehran, IranPhone: -
Fax: -
ajilchi_b@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: November 3, 2018Accepted: February 16, 2019
ePublished: March 19, 2019
ABSTRACT
Aims
Cognitive abilities are the connector of the behavior and brain structure and encompass a wide range of abilities. The present study was conducted with the aim of predication of mindfulness based on cognitive abilities and its sub-components in NAJA students.
Materials & Methods This correlation study was conducted in female students of NAJA University in 2015-2016. The sample size was estimated to be 165 according to the Cochran formula; due to the probability of loss, 193 students were selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected through the Five-Factor Inventory of Mindfulness and Nejati’s questionnaire on cognitive abilities.
Findings There was a positive and significant relationship between mindfulness and the overall score of cognitive abilities and some of its components. The components of cognitive abilities were able to predict mindfulness. But, none of the components could significantly explain a part of variance of mindfulness.
Conclusion By increasing the mindfulness of individuals, their cognitive ability also increases. All cognitive ability factors were able to predict 24% of the variance of mindfulness.
Materials & Methods This correlation study was conducted in female students of NAJA University in 2015-2016. The sample size was estimated to be 165 according to the Cochran formula; due to the probability of loss, 193 students were selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected through the Five-Factor Inventory of Mindfulness and Nejati’s questionnaire on cognitive abilities.
Findings There was a positive and significant relationship between mindfulness and the overall score of cognitive abilities and some of its components. The components of cognitive abilities were able to predict mindfulness. But, none of the components could significantly explain a part of variance of mindfulness.
Conclusion By increasing the mindfulness of individuals, their cognitive ability also increases. All cognitive ability factors were able to predict 24% of the variance of mindfulness.
CITATION LINKS
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[28]Kabat-Zinn J. Orthogonal rotation in consciousness: Why paying attention is so supremely important. Mindfulness. 2015;6(6):1484-6.
[29] Isen AM. An influence of positive affect on decision making in complex situations: Theoretical issues with practical implications. J Consum Psychol. 2001;11(2):75-85.
[30]Shapiro SL, Jazaieri H, Goldin PR. Mindfulness-based stress reduction effects on moral reasoning and decision making. J Posit Psychol. 2012;7(6):504-15.
[31]Greenberg J, Reiner K, Meiran N. Mind the trap: Mindfulness practice reduces cognitive rigidity. PloS One. 2012;7(5):e36206.
[32]Chatzlsarantls NL, Hugger MS. Mindfulness and the intention-behavior relationship within the theory of planned behavior. Pers Social Psychol Bull. 2007;33(5):663-76.
[33] Ferreira A. Emotions in planning practice: A critical review and a suggestion for future developments based on mindfulness. Town Plan Rev. 2013;84(6):703-19.
[34]Meltzer BL. Mindfulness in communication planning: A curriculum cultivating care of the other in dialogue [Dissertation]. Gonzaga: Gonzaga University; 2017.
[2]Madrigal R. Cold cognitions and consumers' reactions to sporting event outcomes. J Consum Psychol. 2008;18(4):304-19.
[3] Nejati V. Comparing executive cognitive functions of the brain in blind and sighted. Iran J Military Med. 2011;12(4):217-21. [Persian]
[4]Andersen MB, Hanrahan SJ. Doing exercise psychology. 1st edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2015.
[5]Ryan RM, Brown KW. Why we don’t need self-esteem: On fundamental need, contingent love, and mindfulness. Psychological Inquiry. 2003;14(1):71-6.
[6]Moore A, Malinowski P. Meditation, mindfulness and cognitive flexibility. Conscious Cogn. 2009;18(1):176-86.
[7]Grecucci A, Pappaianni E, Siugzdaite R, Theuninck A, Job R. Mindful emotion regulation: Exploring the neurocognitive mechanisms behind mindfulness. BioMed Res Internation. 2015;Article ID 670724:1-9. doi: 10.1155/2015/670724.
[8] Shapiro SL, Carlson LE, Astin JA, Freedman B. Mechanisms of mindfulness. J Clin Psychol. 2006;62(3):373-86.
[9]Hölzel BK, Lazar SW, Gard T, Schuman-Olivier Z, Vago DR, Ott U. How does mindfulness meditation work? Proposing mechanisms of action from a conceptual and neural perspective. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2011;6(6):537-59.
[10]Nejati V, Zabihzadeh A, Nikfarjam M. The relationship between mindfulness and sustained attention, selective functions. Cog Sci Behavi Res. 2012;2(2):31-42. [Persian]
[11] Fletcher L, Hayes SC. Relational frame theory, acceptance and commitment therapy, and a functional analytic definition of mindfulness. J Ration Cogn Ther. 2005;23(4):315-36.
[12]Keng SL, Smoski MJ, Robins CJ. Effects of mindfulness on psychological health: A review of empirical studies. Clin Psychol Rev. 2011;31(6):1041-56.
[13]Chambers R G, Chuen Y L, Allen N B. The Impact of Intensive Mindfulness Training on Attentional Control, Cognitive Style, and Affect. Cogn Ther Res. 2008;32(3):303-32.
[14]Raglan GB, Schulkin J. Decision making, mindfulness, and mood: How mindfulness techniques can reduce the impact of biases and heuristics through improved decision making and positive affect. J Depress Anxiety. 2014;4(1):168-76.
[15] Karelaia N, Reb J. Improving decision making through mindfulness. In: Forthcoming in mindfulness in organizations. Reb J, Atkins P, editors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2014.
[16]Kabat-Zinn J. Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your mind and body to face stress, pain, and illness. New York: Delacorte Press; 1990.
[17]Lutz A, Slagter HA, Dunne JD, Davidson RJ. Cognitive emotional interactions -Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation. Trends Cogn Sci. 2008;12(4): 163-9.
[18]Nejati V. Cognitive abilities questionnaire: Development and evaluation of psychometric properties. Advances in Cognitive Sci. 2013; 15 (2):11-9. [Persian]
[19]Baer RA, Smith GT, Hopkins J, Krietemeyer J, Toney L. Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment. 2006;13(1):27-45.
[20]Brown KW, Ryan RA, Creswell JD. Mindfulness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for its salutary effects. Psychol Inquiry. 2007;18(4):211-37.
[21]Ahmadvand Z, Heydarinasab L, Shairi MR. An investigation of the validity and reliability of psychometric characteristics of five facet mindfulness questionnaire in Iranian non-clinical samples. Behav Sci. 2013;7(3):229-37. [Persian]
[22] Rahmani J, Ajilchi B, Zareian E. Relationship between mindfulness and cognitive abilities in blind veteran athletes. Iran J War Public Health. 2017;9(2):105-10 [Persian]
[23]Wimmer L, Bellingrath S, von Stockhausen L. Cognitive effects of mindfulness training: Results of a pilot study based on a theory driven approach. Front Psychol. 2016;7:1037.
[24]Garland EL, Hanely A, Farb NA, Froeliger BE. State mindfulness during meditation predicts enhanced cognitive reappraisal. Mmindfulness (NY). 2015;1(6):234-42.
[25]Chiesa A, Calati R, Serretti A. Does mindfulness training improve cognitive abilities? A systematic review of neuropsychological findings. Clinic Psychol Rev. 2011;31(3):449-64.
[26]Hartkamp M, Thornton IM. Meditation, cognitive flexibility and well-being. J Cogn Enhanc. 2017;1(2):182-96.
[27]Martinivic T. Relationship between mindfulness and decision making outcome [Dissertation]. Sweden: Lunds University; 2017.
[28]Kabat-Zinn J. Orthogonal rotation in consciousness: Why paying attention is so supremely important. Mindfulness. 2015;6(6):1484-6.
[29] Isen AM. An influence of positive affect on decision making in complex situations: Theoretical issues with practical implications. J Consum Psychol. 2001;11(2):75-85.
[30]Shapiro SL, Jazaieri H, Goldin PR. Mindfulness-based stress reduction effects on moral reasoning and decision making. J Posit Psychol. 2012;7(6):504-15.
[31]Greenberg J, Reiner K, Meiran N. Mind the trap: Mindfulness practice reduces cognitive rigidity. PloS One. 2012;7(5):e36206.
[32]Chatzlsarantls NL, Hugger MS. Mindfulness and the intention-behavior relationship within the theory of planned behavior. Pers Social Psychol Bull. 2007;33(5):663-76.
[33] Ferreira A. Emotions in planning practice: A critical review and a suggestion for future developments based on mindfulness. Town Plan Rev. 2013;84(6):703-19.
[34]Meltzer BL. Mindfulness in communication planning: A curriculum cultivating care of the other in dialogue [Dissertation]. Gonzaga: Gonzaga University; 2017.