@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2015;1(4):32-42
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2015;1(4):32-42
Evaluating a Health Belief Model-Based Educational Program for School Injury Prevention among Hard-of-Hearing/Deaf High School Students
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Vejdani-Aram F. (1)Roshanaei Gh. (2)
Hazavehei S.M.M. (3)
Karimi-Shahanjarini A. (4)
Rezapur-Shahkolai F. (4*)
(1) Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(2) Modeling of Non-communicable Disease Research Center and Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(3) Research Center for Health Sciences and Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(4) Social Determinants of Health Research Center and Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(4*) Social Determinants of Health Research Center and Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Correspondence
Article History
Received: January 18, 2015Accepted: March 18, 2015
ePublished: June 22, 2015
ABSTRACT
Aims
While all students are vulnerable to injuries, such vulnerability may even be higher in the deaf and hard-of-hearing students. Therefore, this study evaluated a health belief model-based educational program to prevent school injuries among deaf and hard-of-hearing high school students.
Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on all deaf and hard-of-hearing students who attended two special schools in Hamadan (Iran) during 2014. They were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 23) or the control group (n = 27). Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire containing items on demographic characteristics, constructs of the health belief model, and knowledge and preventive behaviors. In both groups, the questionnaires were filled out through interviews before and two months after the intervention. The intervention included distributing booklets and holding five educational sessions. Data were analyzed with paired t, independent t, chi square, and Fisher’s exact tests in SPSS16.
Findings After the educational intervention, the mean scores of knowledge (P=0.002), preventive be-haviors (P=0.001), and constructs of the health belief model, i.e. perceived severity (P=0.001), perceived benefits (P=0.001), self-efficacy (P=0.001), and cues to action (P=0.001), were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group.
Conclusion According to our findings, an educational intervention based on the health belief model can promote behaviors to prevent school injuries among deaf and hard-of-hearing students.
Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on all deaf and hard-of-hearing students who attended two special schools in Hamadan (Iran) during 2014. They were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 23) or the control group (n = 27). Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire containing items on demographic characteristics, constructs of the health belief model, and knowledge and preventive behaviors. In both groups, the questionnaires were filled out through interviews before and two months after the intervention. The intervention included distributing booklets and holding five educational sessions. Data were analyzed with paired t, independent t, chi square, and Fisher’s exact tests in SPSS16.
Findings After the educational intervention, the mean scores of knowledge (P=0.002), preventive be-haviors (P=0.001), and constructs of the health belief model, i.e. perceived severity (P=0.001), perceived benefits (P=0.001), self-efficacy (P=0.001), and cues to action (P=0.001), were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group.
Conclusion According to our findings, an educational intervention based on the health belief model can promote behaviors to prevent school injuries among deaf and hard-of-hearing students.
CITATION LINKS
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[6]Naderifar M, Akbarizadeh M, Bayat M. [The impact of lecturing and video playing methods (lecturing and video playing) on the knowledge of third grade male students about prevention of accidents and injuries in Zahedan, 2008]. Journal of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences.2012; 9(4):47-53. (Persian)
[7]Naghavi M. [Epidemiology damage caused by external causes (accidents) in the Islamic Republic of Iran]. 1thed. Tehran: Fekrat Publication, 2004. (Persian)
[8]Amirzade F, Tabatabaee SHR. [The Incidence Rate and Causes of Accidents among the Students of Shiraz Guidance Schools]. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences.2007; 14(1):55-60. (Persian)
[9]Souri H. School Accidents and Prevention Ways of them. Journal of Psychologic and Peyvand Nurtureal Sciences.2000;(256):54-57. (Persian)
[10]Psychology Articles, An Introduction to the Identification of Exceptional Students. [updated 27 January, 2014]; Available from: http:// hosseinian.blogfa.com/page/7.aspx.
[11]Login 0/006 of students in Exceptional schools. [updated 22 December, 2014]; Available from: http://qudsonline.ir/detail/News/217664.
[12]Beh-pajooh A, Salehi M. [The Comparison of Non-verbal esprit of 6, 9 & 12 Years old Deaf & Receptive Students]. Journal of Psychology and Education, 2001; 5:95-110. (Persian)
[13]Ramezankhani A. Schools, health. In: Hatami H, Razavi SM, Eftekhar AH, Majlesi F. the Total Book of general health. 3rd ed. 20014.pp. 1811.
[14]Rosenstock IM, Stretcher V. The Health Belief Model. In: Glanz K, Lewis FM, Rimer B.K (Eds.). Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. 4th ed. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass publisher; 2008.
[15]Rezapur shahkolai F, Farhadi Z, Bashirian S, Roshanaei GH. Factors associated with school injury prevention among students in junior high schools of Famenin County, based on Health Belief Model. Research Project, approved byResearch Deputy of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 2013. (Persian)
[16]Ebrahimikhah M, Rezapur shahkolai F, Hazavehei SM, Moghimbeigi A. The effect of education on road traffic injury Prevention, among fourth and fifth-grade students in Hamadan city, using Health Belief Model [MSc Thesis]. Hamadan: Hamadan University of Medical Science; 2013. (Persian)
[17]Cheraghi P, Rezapur shahkolai F, Hazavehei SM, Poorolajal J. The Effect of Educational Intervention For Mothers, Referring to Health Centers, about Injury Prevention among under Five-Year Children in Hamadan, Iran: Applying Health Belief Model [MSc Thesis]. Hamadan: Hamadan University of Medical Science; 2012. (Persian)
[18]Sharifirad Gh, Hazavehei M, Hasanzadeh A, Danesh-amouz A. [The effect of health education based on health belief model on preventive actions of smoking in grade one, middle school students]. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences.2007; 10(1):79-86. (Persian)
[19]Hanewinkel R, Asshauer M. Fifteen-month follow-up results of a school-base life-skills approach to smoking prevention. Health Educ Rese.2004; 19(2):125-37.
[20]Tan MY. The relationship of health belife and complication Prevention behaviors of chinese individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabets Res Clin Pract.2004; 71-76
[21]Ghaffari M, Tavassoli E, Esmaill Zadeh A, Hasan Zadeh A. [The Effect of Education based on Health Belief Model on the improvement of osteoporosis Preventive Nutritional Behaviors of Second Grade Middle School Girls in Isfahan]. Health System Research Journal.2011; 6(4):1-10. (Persian)
[22]Karimy M, Montazeri, Araban M. [The effect of an educational program based on health belief model on th empowerment of rural women in prevention of brucellosis]. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences.2012; 14(7):85-94. (Persian)
[23]Oruogi MA, Charkazi A, hazavehei SM, Moazeni M. [Practice of motorcycle drivers on helmet use based on Health Belief Model in Khomein city]. Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.2012; 3(2):24-31. (Persian)
[24]Amal Kadry A, Dalal Aly Mohamed AR, Ibrahim Kamel L. Effect of an educational film on the health belief model and breast self-examination practice. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal.1997; 3(3):435-43.
[25]Kuhner MK, Raetzke PB. The effect of health belifs on the compliance of Periodontal Patients with oral hygiene instruction. J Periodontol.1989; 60(1):51-6.
[26]Hazavehei SM, Taghdisi MH, Saidi M. Application of the Health Belief Model for Osteoporosis Prevention among Middle School Girl Students, Garmsar, Iran. Educ Health (Abingdon).2007; 20(1):23.
[27]Hendricks CS, Hendricks DL, Webb SJ, Bonner Davis J, Spencer-Morgan B. Fostering self-efficacy as an ethical mandate in health promotion practice and research. [updated 10 Jun, 2008]; Available from: http:// Ethicsjournal. umc. Edu/ ojs/include/getdoc. Php? Id =117 & article= 19& mode.
[28]Kealey KA, Ludman EJ, Marek PM, Mann SL, Bricker JB, Peterson AV. Design and implementation of an effective Telephone counseling intervention for adolescent Smoking cessation. J Natl Cancer Inst.2009; 101(20):1393-405.
[29]Hazavehei S, Shadzi S, Asgari T, Pourabdian S, Hasanzadeh A. [The effect of safety education based on Health Belief Model (HBM) on the workers practice of Borujen industrial town in using the personal protection respiratory equipment]. Iran Occupational Health Journal.2008; 5(1&2):21-30. (Persian)
[30]Hatamzadeh N, Nazari M, Ghahramani L. [Impact of Educational Intervention on Seat Belt Use among Drivers Based on Health Belief Model]. Toloo-e-Behdasht.2012; 3(36):45-55. (Persian)
[2]Peden M, Oyegbite K, Ozanne-Smith J, Hyder AA, Branche C, Rahman AF, et al. World Report on Child Injury Prevention. Geneva: World Health Organization & UNICEF. WHO Web Site; 2008 [updated 18 December, 2014]; available from: http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/87/5/09-064642/en/
[3]Schelp M, Ekman R, Fahl I. School Accidents during a Three School-Years Period in a Swedish Municipality. Public Health.1991; 105(2):113-20.
[4]World Report on Child Injury Prevention. WHO Web Site; 2013 [updated 18 December, 2013]; available from: http:// www.who.int/entity/violence_injury_prevention/child in.
[5]Facts on Injuries and violence: the facts. WHO Web Site; 2013 [updated 10 December, 2013]; available from: http://www.who . int /entity/violence_ injury _prevention key_facts /en in.
[6]Naderifar M, Akbarizadeh M, Bayat M. [The impact of lecturing and video playing methods (lecturing and video playing) on the knowledge of third grade male students about prevention of accidents and injuries in Zahedan, 2008]. Journal of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences.2012; 9(4):47-53. (Persian)
[7]Naghavi M. [Epidemiology damage caused by external causes (accidents) in the Islamic Republic of Iran]. 1thed. Tehran: Fekrat Publication, 2004. (Persian)
[8]Amirzade F, Tabatabaee SHR. [The Incidence Rate and Causes of Accidents among the Students of Shiraz Guidance Schools]. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences.2007; 14(1):55-60. (Persian)
[9]Souri H. School Accidents and Prevention Ways of them. Journal of Psychologic and Peyvand Nurtureal Sciences.2000;(256):54-57. (Persian)
[10]Psychology Articles, An Introduction to the Identification of Exceptional Students. [updated 27 January, 2014]; Available from: http:// hosseinian.blogfa.com/page/7.aspx.
[11]Login 0/006 of students in Exceptional schools. [updated 22 December, 2014]; Available from: http://qudsonline.ir/detail/News/217664.
[12]Beh-pajooh A, Salehi M. [The Comparison of Non-verbal esprit of 6, 9 & 12 Years old Deaf & Receptive Students]. Journal of Psychology and Education, 2001; 5:95-110. (Persian)
[13]Ramezankhani A. Schools, health. In: Hatami H, Razavi SM, Eftekhar AH, Majlesi F. the Total Book of general health. 3rd ed. 20014.pp. 1811.
[14]Rosenstock IM, Stretcher V. The Health Belief Model. In: Glanz K, Lewis FM, Rimer B.K (Eds.). Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. 4th ed. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass publisher; 2008.
[15]Rezapur shahkolai F, Farhadi Z, Bashirian S, Roshanaei GH. Factors associated with school injury prevention among students in junior high schools of Famenin County, based on Health Belief Model. Research Project, approved byResearch Deputy of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 2013. (Persian)
[16]Ebrahimikhah M, Rezapur shahkolai F, Hazavehei SM, Moghimbeigi A. The effect of education on road traffic injury Prevention, among fourth and fifth-grade students in Hamadan city, using Health Belief Model [MSc Thesis]. Hamadan: Hamadan University of Medical Science; 2013. (Persian)
[17]Cheraghi P, Rezapur shahkolai F, Hazavehei SM, Poorolajal J. The Effect of Educational Intervention For Mothers, Referring to Health Centers, about Injury Prevention among under Five-Year Children in Hamadan, Iran: Applying Health Belief Model [MSc Thesis]. Hamadan: Hamadan University of Medical Science; 2012. (Persian)
[18]Sharifirad Gh, Hazavehei M, Hasanzadeh A, Danesh-amouz A. [The effect of health education based on health belief model on preventive actions of smoking in grade one, middle school students]. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences.2007; 10(1):79-86. (Persian)
[19]Hanewinkel R, Asshauer M. Fifteen-month follow-up results of a school-base life-skills approach to smoking prevention. Health Educ Rese.2004; 19(2):125-37.
[20]Tan MY. The relationship of health belife and complication Prevention behaviors of chinese individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabets Res Clin Pract.2004; 71-76
[21]Ghaffari M, Tavassoli E, Esmaill Zadeh A, Hasan Zadeh A. [The Effect of Education based on Health Belief Model on the improvement of osteoporosis Preventive Nutritional Behaviors of Second Grade Middle School Girls in Isfahan]. Health System Research Journal.2011; 6(4):1-10. (Persian)
[22]Karimy M, Montazeri, Araban M. [The effect of an educational program based on health belief model on th empowerment of rural women in prevention of brucellosis]. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences.2012; 14(7):85-94. (Persian)
[23]Oruogi MA, Charkazi A, hazavehei SM, Moazeni M. [Practice of motorcycle drivers on helmet use based on Health Belief Model in Khomein city]. Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.2012; 3(2):24-31. (Persian)
[24]Amal Kadry A, Dalal Aly Mohamed AR, Ibrahim Kamel L. Effect of an educational film on the health belief model and breast self-examination practice. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal.1997; 3(3):435-43.
[25]Kuhner MK, Raetzke PB. The effect of health belifs on the compliance of Periodontal Patients with oral hygiene instruction. J Periodontol.1989; 60(1):51-6.
[26]Hazavehei SM, Taghdisi MH, Saidi M. Application of the Health Belief Model for Osteoporosis Prevention among Middle School Girl Students, Garmsar, Iran. Educ Health (Abingdon).2007; 20(1):23.
[27]Hendricks CS, Hendricks DL, Webb SJ, Bonner Davis J, Spencer-Morgan B. Fostering self-efficacy as an ethical mandate in health promotion practice and research. [updated 10 Jun, 2008]; Available from: http:// Ethicsjournal. umc. Edu/ ojs/include/getdoc. Php? Id =117 & article= 19& mode.
[28]Kealey KA, Ludman EJ, Marek PM, Mann SL, Bricker JB, Peterson AV. Design and implementation of an effective Telephone counseling intervention for adolescent Smoking cessation. J Natl Cancer Inst.2009; 101(20):1393-405.
[29]Hazavehei S, Shadzi S, Asgari T, Pourabdian S, Hasanzadeh A. [The effect of safety education based on Health Belief Model (HBM) on the workers practice of Borujen industrial town in using the personal protection respiratory equipment]. Iran Occupational Health Journal.2008; 5(1&2):21-30. (Persian)
[30]Hatamzadeh N, Nazari M, Ghahramani L. [Impact of Educational Intervention on Seat Belt Use among Drivers Based on Health Belief Model]. Toloo-e-Behdasht.2012; 3(36):45-55. (Persian)