@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2017;4(3):12-18
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2017;4(3):12-18
Factors Predicting the Standard Precautions for Infection Control among Pre-hospital Emergency Staff of Hamadan Based on the Health Belief Model
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Khodaveisi Masoud (1)Mohamadkhani Mahnaz (1)
Amini Roya (*)
Karami Manoochehr (2)
(*) Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(1) Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(1) Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(2) Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Correspondence
Address: -Phone: -
Fax: -
aminiroy@gmail.com
Article History
Received: October 19, 2017Accepted: December 5, 2017
ePublished: December 21, 2017
ABSTRACT
Aims
Standard precautions are a set of basic strategies for preventing occupational exposure in pre-hospital emergency staff. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors for controlling infection based on the health belief model.
Materials & Methods In a descriptive-analytic study, 84 pre-hospital emergency staff members were selected through the census sampling method in Hamadan, Iran, 2017. Data collection tool was a self-report questionnaire including sections on demographic information, awareness, health belief model constructs, and practice. To analyze the data, independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and linear regression were run in SPSS, version 21.
Findings The mean age of the subjects was 31.64±7.63 years. The level of awareness about the standard precautions for infection control was poor (mean: 46.85±15.13), while the practice level was moderate (mean: 55.16±12.73). There was a significant relationship between practice and the constructs of perceived benefits, cues to action, perceived sensitivity, and perceived self-efficacy (P<0.05). Further, perceived benefits was significantly association with awareness (P=0.009). However, the results of linear regression analysis were not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion Observance of the standard precautions for controlling infection among pre-hospital emergency staff can be improved by reinforcing the constructs of perceived benefits, perceived susceptibility, perceived self-efficacy, and cues to action.
Materials & Methods In a descriptive-analytic study, 84 pre-hospital emergency staff members were selected through the census sampling method in Hamadan, Iran, 2017. Data collection tool was a self-report questionnaire including sections on demographic information, awareness, health belief model constructs, and practice. To analyze the data, independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and linear regression were run in SPSS, version 21.
Findings The mean age of the subjects was 31.64±7.63 years. The level of awareness about the standard precautions for infection control was poor (mean: 46.85±15.13), while the practice level was moderate (mean: 55.16±12.73). There was a significant relationship between practice and the constructs of perceived benefits, cues to action, perceived sensitivity, and perceived self-efficacy (P<0.05). Further, perceived benefits was significantly association with awareness (P=0.009). However, the results of linear regression analysis were not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion Observance of the standard precautions for controlling infection among pre-hospital emergency staff can be improved by reinforcing the constructs of perceived benefits, perceived susceptibility, perceived self-efficacy, and cues to action.
CITATION LINKS
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[24]Movahed E, Arefi Z, Ameri M. The effect of health belief model-based training (HBM) on self-medication among the male high school students. Iran J Health Educ Health Promot. 2014;2(1):65-72. [Persian]
[25]Ghanbari M, Shamsi M, Farazi A, Khorsandi M, Eshrati B. The survey of knowledge, self-efficacy and practice of nurses in standard precautions to prevent nosocomial infections in hospitals of Arak university of medical sciences, 2013. Arak Med Univ J. 2013;16(7):45-54. [Persian]
[26]Bucher J, Donovan C, Ohman-Strickland P, Mccoy J. Hand washing practices among emergency medical services providers. West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(5):727-35. PMID: 26587098 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2015.7.25917
[27]Rahimi-Ghilchalan M, Jalili Z, Farmanbar R. Factors related to preventive behaviors of hepatitis b based on health belief model in high risk workers. J Guilan Univ Med Sci. 2017;25(100):19-27. [Persian]
[28]Barzegar Mahmudi T, Khorsandi M, Shamsi M, Ranjbaran M. Knowledge, beliefs and performance of health volunteers in malayer city about hepatitis B: an application of health belief model. Pajouhan Sci J. 2016;14(2):24-33. [Persian]
[29]Khodaveisi M, Salehikha M, Bashirian S, Karami M. Study of preventive behaviors of hepatitis b based on health belief model among addicts affiliated to Hamedan. Sci J Hamadan Nurs Midwifery Facul. 2016;24(2):129-37. [Persian]
[2]Mohseni M, Mahbobi MR, Sayadi AR, Shabani Z, Asadpour M. The effect of an educational intervention based on health belief model on the standard precautions among medical students of Rafsanjan university of medical sciences. Res Med Educ. 2015;7(1):63-72. DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.rme.7.1.63 [Persian]
[3]Masoudi G, Khashel Varnamkhasti F, Ansarimogadam A, Sahnavazi M, Bazi M. Predication of compliance to standard precautions among nurses in educational hospitals in Zahedan based on health belief model. Iran J Health Educ Health Promot. 2016;4(1):74-81. [Persian]
[4]Quan M, Wang X, Wu H, Yuan X, Lei D, Jiang Z, Et Al. Influencing factors on use of standard precautions against occupational exposures to blood and body fluids among nurses in China. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8(12):22450-9. PMID: 26885227
[5]Mortada EM, Zalat MM. Assessment of compliance to standard precautions among surgeons in Zagazig university hospitals, egypt, using the health belief model. J Arab Soc Med Res. 2014;9(1):6-14. DOI: 10.4103/1687-4293.137319
[6]La-Rotta EI, Garcia CS, Barbosa F, Santos AF, Vieira GM, Carneiro M. Evaluation of the level of knowledge and compliance with standart precautions and the safety standard (Nr-32) amongst physicians from a public university hospital, Brazil. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2013;16(3):786-97. PMID: 24896290
[7]Reda AA, Fisseha S, Mengistie B, Vandeweerd JM. Standard precautions: occupational exposure and behavior of health care workers in Ethiopia. PloS One. 2010;5(12):e14420. PMID: 21203449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014420
[8]Jain A, Mandelia C, Jayaram S. Perception and practice regarding infection control measures amongst healthcare workers in district government hospitals of Mangalore, India. Int J Health Allied Sci. 2012;1(2):68-73. DOI: 10.4103/2278-344X.101668
[9]Jadidi A, Safarabadi M, Irannejhad B, Harorani M. Level of patients’ satisfaction from emergency medical services in Markazi province; a cross sectional study. Iran J Emerg Med. 2016;3(2):58-65.
[10]Bucher J, Donovan C, Ohman-Strickland P, Mccoy J. Hand washing practices among emergency medical services providers. Western J Emerg Med. 2015;16(5):727-35. PMID: 26587098 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2015.7.25917
[11]Vafaei Nejad R, Nader H, Noori H. Contact protocol sharps (Needle Stick) and patients' body fluids. Ministry of health and medical education mamcap-hed. Tehran: Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Medical Accident Management Center and Pre-Hospital Emergency Department; 2016. P. 1-9. [Persian]
[12]Harris SA, Nicolai LA. Occupational exposures in emergency medical service providers and knowledge of and compliance with universal precautions. Am J Infect Control. 2010;38(2):86-94. PMID: 19815310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.05.012
[13]Oh Hs, Uhm Dc. Current status of infection prevention and control programs for emergency medical personnel in the republic of Korea. J Prev Med Public Health. 2015;48(6):330-41. PMID: 26639747 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.15.058
[14]Hageman JC, Hazim C, Wilson K, Malpiedi P, Gupta N, Bennett S, et al. Infection prevention and control for ebola in health care settings-west Africa and United States. MMWR Suppl. 2016;65(3):50-6. PMID: 27390018 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.su6503a8
[15]Aung Ss. Improving compliance with standard precautions among myanmar nurses by using health belief model. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Indonesia: Universitas Airlangga; 2016.
[16]Golshiri P, Badrian M, Badrian H, Tabar Isfahani M, Meshkati M. Survey of occupational injuries and knowledge on standard precautions about aids and hepatitis among faculty members, students and educational staff of dentistry school in Isfahan university of medical sciences. Iran J Health Syst Res. 2011;7(6):858-65. [Persian]
[17]Harding AD, Almquist LJ, Hashemi S. The use and need for standard precautions and transmission-based precautions in the emergency department. J Emerg Nurs. 2011;37(4):367-73. PMID: 21514649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2010.11.017
[18]Carvalho MJ, Pereira FM, Gir E, Lam SC, Barbosa CP. Investigating compliance with standard precautions during residency physicians in gynecology and obstetrics. Clinics. 2016;71(7):387-91. PMID: 27464295 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2016(07)06
[19]Weston D. Infection prevention and control: theory and practice for healthcare professionals. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons; 2008.
[20]World Health Organization. Infection prevention and control of epidemic-and pandemic-prone acute respiratory infections in health care. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014.
[21]Bledsoe BE, Sweeney RJ, Berkeley RP, Cole KT, Forred WJ, Johnson LD. EMS provider compliance with infection control recommendations is suboptimal. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2014;18(2):290-4. PMID: 24401023 DOI: 10.3109/10903127.2013.851311
[22]Powers D, Armellino D, Dolansky M, Fitzpatrick J. Factors influencing nurse compliance with standard precautions. Am J Infect Control. 2016;44(1):4-7. PMID: 26769280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.10.001
[23]Koohsari M, Mohebbi B, Sadeghi R, Tol A, Rahimi Forooshani A. Assessing the effect of educational intervention based on health belief model in improving standard precautions adherence to prevent needlestick among clinical staff of hospitals. J Hospital. 2016;15(4):49-57. [Persian]
[24]Movahed E, Arefi Z, Ameri M. The effect of health belief model-based training (HBM) on self-medication among the male high school students. Iran J Health Educ Health Promot. 2014;2(1):65-72. [Persian]
[25]Ghanbari M, Shamsi M, Farazi A, Khorsandi M, Eshrati B. The survey of knowledge, self-efficacy and practice of nurses in standard precautions to prevent nosocomial infections in hospitals of Arak university of medical sciences, 2013. Arak Med Univ J. 2013;16(7):45-54. [Persian]
[26]Bucher J, Donovan C, Ohman-Strickland P, Mccoy J. Hand washing practices among emergency medical services providers. West J Emerg Med. 2015;16(5):727-35. PMID: 26587098 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2015.7.25917
[27]Rahimi-Ghilchalan M, Jalili Z, Farmanbar R. Factors related to preventive behaviors of hepatitis b based on health belief model in high risk workers. J Guilan Univ Med Sci. 2017;25(100):19-27. [Persian]
[28]Barzegar Mahmudi T, Khorsandi M, Shamsi M, Ranjbaran M. Knowledge, beliefs and performance of health volunteers in malayer city about hepatitis B: an application of health belief model. Pajouhan Sci J. 2016;14(2):24-33. [Persian]
[29]Khodaveisi M, Salehikha M, Bashirian S, Karami M. Study of preventive behaviors of hepatitis b based on health belief model among addicts affiliated to Hamedan. Sci J Hamadan Nurs Midwifery Facul. 2016;24(2):129-37. [Persian]