@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2017;4(3):38-43
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2017;4(3):38-43
Comparison of Health Promoting Lifestyle in HIV-positive and HIV-negative Individuals in Tehran
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Ebrahimbabaie Fariba (*)Habibi Mojtaba (1)
Ghodrati Saeid (2)
(*) Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
(1) Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
(2) Cognitive and Brain Sciences Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Address: -Phone: -
Fax: -
faribaebrahimbabaie@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: June 13, 2017Accepted: November 19, 2017
ePublished: December 21, 2017
ABSTRACT
Aims
Lifestyle is one of the factors playing an important role in disease involvement and treatment. In this study, we aimed to compare health-promoting lifestyle between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in Tehran, Iran.
Materials & Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 147 HIV-positive individuals who referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran, Iran, and 150 HIV-negative individuals during 2014 to 2016. We used the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) questionnaire, which encompasses six domains of health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, interpersonal relationships, spiritual growth, and stress management. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was run in SPSS, version 22.
Findings MANOVA reflected a significant difference between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in lifestyle (P<0.001). The two groups were different in terms of health responsibility (F[1,245]=42.44, P<0.001) and physical activity (F[1,245]=6.03, P<0.05), with HIV-positive obtaining lower scores than the HIV-negative patients. However, the two groups did not differ significantly with regards to the nutrition, interpersonal relationships, spiritual growth, and stress management domains (P>0.05).
Conclusion Considering the limited data on the lifestyle of HIV-positive patients in Iran, awareness regarding various lifestyle aspects of these individuals can yield valuable information to promote HIV-positive individuals’ life status and interventional programs. Future studies are recommended to focus more attention on lifestyle promotion among HIV-positive individuals.
Materials & Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 147 HIV-positive individuals who referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran, Iran, and 150 HIV-negative individuals during 2014 to 2016. We used the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) questionnaire, which encompasses six domains of health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, interpersonal relationships, spiritual growth, and stress management. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was run in SPSS, version 22.
Findings MANOVA reflected a significant difference between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in lifestyle (P<0.001). The two groups were different in terms of health responsibility (F[1,245]=42.44, P<0.001) and physical activity (F[1,245]=6.03, P<0.05), with HIV-positive obtaining lower scores than the HIV-negative patients. However, the two groups did not differ significantly with regards to the nutrition, interpersonal relationships, spiritual growth, and stress management domains (P>0.05).
Conclusion Considering the limited data on the lifestyle of HIV-positive patients in Iran, awareness regarding various lifestyle aspects of these individuals can yield valuable information to promote HIV-positive individuals’ life status and interventional programs. Future studies are recommended to focus more attention on lifestyle promotion among HIV-positive individuals.
CITATION LINKS
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[13]Edström J, Samuels F. HIV, nutrition, food and livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa. London: Report for UK-DFID; 2007.
[14]Punyahotra P, Manorompatarasarn R, Puthanakit T, Chokephaibulkit K. Self-report of life style on dietary intake and exercise in perinatal HIV-infected adolescents. Int J Infect Dis. 2012;16:e190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.757
[15]Heckman BD, Catz SL, Heckman TG, Miller JG, Kalichman SC. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in rural persons living with HIV disease in the United States. AIDS Care. 2004;16(2):219-30. PMID: 14676027 DOI: 10.1080/09540120410001641066
[16]Mohammadi Zeidi I, Pakpour Hajiagha A, Mohammadi Zeidi B. Reliability and validity of Persian version of the health-promoting lifestyle profile. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2012;21(1):102-13. [Persian]
[17]Chen MY, Wang EK, Yang RJ, Liou YM. Adolescent health promotion scale: development and psychometric testing. Public Health Nurs. 2003;20(2):104-10. PMID: 12588427
[18]Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Experimental designs using ANOVA. New York: Thomson/Brooks/Cole; 2007.
[19]Rabkin JG. HIV and depression: 2008 review and update. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2008;5(4):163-71.
[20]Gillespie S, Haddad LJ. Food security as a response to AIDS. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; 2015.
[21]Gillespie S, Kadiyala S. HIV/AIDS and food and nutrition security: from evidence to action. Washington, D.C: International Food Policy Research Institute; 2005.
[22]Galvan FH, Davis EM, Banks D, Bing EG. HIV stigma and social support among African Americans. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2008;22(5):423-36. PMID: 18373417 DOI: 10.1089/apc.2007.0169
[23]Karamouzian M, Akbari M, Haghdoost A-A, Setayesh H, Zolala F. “I am dead to them”: HIV-related stigma experienced by people living with HIV in Kerman, Iran.J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2015;26(1):46-56. PMID: 24856436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2014.04.005
[24]Rahmati-Najarkolaei F, Niknami S, Aminshokravi F, Bazargan M, Ahmadi F, Hadjizadeh E, et al. Experiences of stigma in healthcare settings among adults living with HIV in the Islamic Republic of Iran. J Int AIDS Soc. 2010;13:27. PMID: 20649967 DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-13-27
[2]HIV/AIDS JUNPo. Global AIDS update 2016. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2016.
[3]Trobst KK, Herbst JH, Masters HL, Costa PT. Personality pathways to unsafe sex: Personality, condom use, and HIV risk behaviors. J Res Personal. 2002;36(2):117-33. DOI:10.1006/jrpe.2001.2334
[4]Uphold CR, Holmes W, Reid K, Findley K, Parada JP. Healthy lifestyles and health-related quality of life among men living with HIV infection. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2007;18(6):54-66. PMID: 17991599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2007.03.010
[5]Whitehead D. Health promotion and health education: advancing the concepts. J Adv Nurs. 2004;47(3):311-20. PMID: 15238126 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03095.x
[6]Igra V, Irwin CE. Theories of adolescent risk-taking behavior. Handbook of adolescent health risk behavior. Boston, MA: Springer; 1996. P. 35-51.
[7]Rew L, Carver T, Li CC. Early and risky sexual behavior in a sample of ruraladolescents. Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs. 2011;34(4):189-204. PMID: 22010625 DOI: 10.3109/01460862.2011.619861
[8]Walker S, Sechrist K, Pender N. The health-promoting lifestyle profile II. New York: The University at Buffalo; 1995.
[9]Smit E, Crespo C, Semba R, Jaworowicz D, Vlahov D, Ricketts E, et al. Physical activity ina cohort of HIV-positive and HIV-negative injection drug users. AIDS Care. 2006;18(8):1040-5. PMID: 17012097 DOI: 10.1080/09540120600580926
[10]Jacobson DL, Tang AM, Spiegelman D, Thomas AM, Skinner S, Gorbach SL, et al. Incidence of metabolic syndrome in a cohort of HIV-infected adults and prevalence relative to the US population (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;43(4):458-66. PMID: 16980905 DOI: 10.1097/01.qai.0000243093.34652.41
[11]Fillipas S, Bowtell-Harris C, Oldmeadow LB, Cicuttini F, Holland AE, Cherry CL. Physical activity uptake in patients with HIV: who does how much? Int J STD AIDS. 2008;19(8):514-8. PMID: 18663035 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2007.007237
[12]Mustafa T, Sy FS, Macera CA, Thompson SJ, Jackson KL, Selassie A, et al. Association between exercise and HIV disease progression in a cohort of homosexual men. Ann Epidemiol. 1999;9(2):127-31. PMID: 10037557
[13]Edström J, Samuels F. HIV, nutrition, food and livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa. London: Report for UK-DFID; 2007.
[14]Punyahotra P, Manorompatarasarn R, Puthanakit T, Chokephaibulkit K. Self-report of life style on dietary intake and exercise in perinatal HIV-infected adolescents. Int J Infect Dis. 2012;16:e190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.757
[15]Heckman BD, Catz SL, Heckman TG, Miller JG, Kalichman SC. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in rural persons living with HIV disease in the United States. AIDS Care. 2004;16(2):219-30. PMID: 14676027 DOI: 10.1080/09540120410001641066
[16]Mohammadi Zeidi I, Pakpour Hajiagha A, Mohammadi Zeidi B. Reliability and validity of Persian version of the health-promoting lifestyle profile. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2012;21(1):102-13. [Persian]
[17]Chen MY, Wang EK, Yang RJ, Liou YM. Adolescent health promotion scale: development and psychometric testing. Public Health Nurs. 2003;20(2):104-10. PMID: 12588427
[18]Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Experimental designs using ANOVA. New York: Thomson/Brooks/Cole; 2007.
[19]Rabkin JG. HIV and depression: 2008 review and update. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2008;5(4):163-71.
[20]Gillespie S, Haddad LJ. Food security as a response to AIDS. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; 2015.
[21]Gillespie S, Kadiyala S. HIV/AIDS and food and nutrition security: from evidence to action. Washington, D.C: International Food Policy Research Institute; 2005.
[22]Galvan FH, Davis EM, Banks D, Bing EG. HIV stigma and social support among African Americans. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2008;22(5):423-36. PMID: 18373417 DOI: 10.1089/apc.2007.0169
[23]Karamouzian M, Akbari M, Haghdoost A-A, Setayesh H, Zolala F. “I am dead to them”: HIV-related stigma experienced by people living with HIV in Kerman, Iran.J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2015;26(1):46-56. PMID: 24856436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2014.04.005
[24]Rahmati-Najarkolaei F, Niknami S, Aminshokravi F, Bazargan M, Ahmadi F, Hadjizadeh E, et al. Experiences of stigma in healthcare settings among adults living with HIV in the Islamic Republic of Iran. J Int AIDS Soc. 2010;13:27. PMID: 20649967 DOI: 10.1186/1758-2652-13-27