@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2013;19(2):117-122
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2013;19(2):117-122
Effect of Guided Imagery on Orthopedic Operations Pain in Traumatic Patients
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Chamanzari H. (*)Raffe S. (1)
Modarres Gheravi M. (2)
Ebrahimzade S. (3)
(*) Department of Internal Surgery, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
(1) Department of Internal Surgery, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
(2) Department of Psychiatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
(3) Department of Nursing Management, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Correspondence
Address: No. 4, Corner of Adl 2, Vakilabad 19 Boulevard, Mashhad, Iran. Postal Code: 91886-14653Phone: +985116058548
Fax: +985118597313
chamanzarih@mums.ac.ir
Article History
Received: January 15, 2012Accepted: June 18, 2013
ePublished: June 25, 2013
ABSTRACT
Aims
Use of anti-pain drugs, especially narcotics, has serious side effects and the combination of non-pharmacological methods with drugs can be the most effective way of pain relief. One of the non-pharmacological methods is the guided imagery. This study was done to evaluate the effect of guided imagery on pain of orthopedic operations in traumatic patients.
Materials & Methods This clinical trial with 2 groups was conducted in traumatic patients’ referred to Shahid Hasheminejad hospital of Mashhad in 2010. 74 patients were selected by simple nonrandomized sampling method. Data collection instruments were McGill Pain Questionnaire, numerical analogue scale and imagery potential Questionnaire. Data was analyzed by SPSS 18 software using independent T, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney U, variance analysis with repeated measures, Friedman correlation and two way variance analysis tests.
Findings total pain and pain quality scores had significant difference between 2 groups in the third day (p= 0.0001). Imagery score had no significant relationship with pain intensity and pain duration but had a significant correlation with pain quality (r=-0.423; p=0.009). Intragroup differences of the total pain score 3 days before to 3 days after and different days before and after the surgery and the pain intensity score of different days before and after the surgery were significant.
Conclusion Guided imagery leads to decreasing of total pain and pain duration scores and improvement of pain quality in the third day after surgery of patients with fracture but do not affect the pain intensity.
Materials & Methods This clinical trial with 2 groups was conducted in traumatic patients’ referred to Shahid Hasheminejad hospital of Mashhad in 2010. 74 patients were selected by simple nonrandomized sampling method. Data collection instruments were McGill Pain Questionnaire, numerical analogue scale and imagery potential Questionnaire. Data was analyzed by SPSS 18 software using independent T, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney U, variance analysis with repeated measures, Friedman correlation and two way variance analysis tests.
Findings total pain and pain quality scores had significant difference between 2 groups in the third day (p= 0.0001). Imagery score had no significant relationship with pain intensity and pain duration but had a significant correlation with pain quality (r=-0.423; p=0.009). Intragroup differences of the total pain score 3 days before to 3 days after and different days before and after the surgery and the pain intensity score of different days before and after the surgery were significant.
Conclusion Guided imagery leads to decreasing of total pain and pain duration scores and improvement of pain quality in the third day after surgery of patients with fracture but do not affect the pain intensity.
CITATION LINKS
[1] Smeltzer S, Bare B, Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner and Suddarth's textbook of medical-surgical nursing. 11th ed. Tehran: Salemi Publication; 2008. [Persian]
[2] Buyukyilmaz FE, Asti T. Postoperative pain characteristics in Turkish orthopedic patients. Pain Manag Nurs. 2010;11(2):76-84.
[3] Ko YL, Lin PC. The effect of using a relaxation tape on pulse, respiration, blood pressure and anxiety levels of surgical patients. J Clin Nurs. 2012;21(5-6):689-97.
[4] Way L, Doherty G. Text book of current surgical diagnosis and treatment. 11th ed. Tehran: Nasl-e-Farda Publication; 2003. [Persian]
[5] Way L, Doherty G. Text book of current surgical diagnosis and treatment. 11th ed. Tehran: Nasl-e-Farda Publication; 2003. [Persian]
[6] Ghafari S, Ahmadi F, Nabavi M, Anoshirvan K, Memarian R, Rafatbakhsh M. Effectiveness of applying progressive muscle relaxation technique on quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Nurs. 2009;18(15):2171-9.
[7] Thomas KM, Sethares KA. Is guided imagery effective in reducing pain and anxiety in the postoperative total joint arthroplasty patient? Orthop Nurs. 2010;29(6):393-9.
[8] Antall GF, Kresevic D. The use of guided imagery to manage pain in an elderly orthopaedic population. Orthop Nurs. 2004;23(5):335-40.
[9] Baird C, Murawski M, Wu J. Efficacy of guided imagery with relaxation for osteoarthritis symptoms and medication intake. Pain Manag Nurs. 2010;11(1):56-65.
[10] Gonzales M, Ledesma C, McAlister C, Perry S, Dyer C, Maye J. Effect of guided imagery on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing same-day surgical procedures a randomized single blind study AANA J. 2010;78(3):181-8.
[11] Christakou A, Zervas Y. The effectiveness of imagery on pain, edema and range of motion in athletes with a grade II ankle sprain. Phys Ther Sport. 2007;8(3):130-40.
[12] Law B, Driediger M, Hall C, Forwell L. Imagery use, perceived pain, limb functioning and satisfaction in athletic injury rehabilitation. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy. 2006;34(1):10-6.
[13] National Institutes of Health. Pain intensity instruments. Bethesda: National Institutes of Health; 2003. Available from: http://painconsortium.nih.gov/pain_scales/NumericRatingSc ale.pdf
[14] Potter P, Perry A. Text book of Potter and Perry's fundamentals of nursing. Salemi S, translator. Tehran: Salemi Publication; 2007. [Persian]
[15] Afsharnejad T, Rezaei S, Yusofzade S. The relationship between fear of movement and pain with disability in patient with chronic back pain. J Rehabil. 2008;11(2):21-8. [Persian]
[16] Ebrahiminejad G, Ebrahiminejad A, Kohan S, Bahrampoor A. McGill pain questionnaire use to assess pain in patients before and after brain and nerves surgery in Kerman Bahonar hospital. Kerman Univ Med Sci J. 2004;11(2):119-25.
[17] Jacques E. McGill pain scale for pain assessment. Montreal: McGill University; 2009.
[18] Kwekkeboom K. Measuring imagery ability psychometric testing of the imaging ability questionnaire. Res Nurs Health. 2000;23(4):301-9.
[19] Madani A, Reihani MJ. The relationship between patellafemoral pain and radiografic changes in patients aged 15 to 40 years old. Iran Med Sci J. 2007;14(56):149-56. [Persian]
[20] Nesioonpour S. Pain. Tehran: Teymoorzadeh Publication; 2004. [Persian]
[21] Kwekkeboom KL, Kneip J, Pearson L. A pilot study to predict success with guided imagery for cancer pain. Pain Manag Nurs. 2003;3(4):112-23.
[2] Buyukyilmaz FE, Asti T. Postoperative pain characteristics in Turkish orthopedic patients. Pain Manag Nurs. 2010;11(2):76-84.
[3] Ko YL, Lin PC. The effect of using a relaxation tape on pulse, respiration, blood pressure and anxiety levels of surgical patients. J Clin Nurs. 2012;21(5-6):689-97.
[4] Way L, Doherty G. Text book of current surgical diagnosis and treatment. 11th ed. Tehran: Nasl-e-Farda Publication; 2003. [Persian]
[5] Way L, Doherty G. Text book of current surgical diagnosis and treatment. 11th ed. Tehran: Nasl-e-Farda Publication; 2003. [Persian]
[6] Ghafari S, Ahmadi F, Nabavi M, Anoshirvan K, Memarian R, Rafatbakhsh M. Effectiveness of applying progressive muscle relaxation technique on quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Nurs. 2009;18(15):2171-9.
[7] Thomas KM, Sethares KA. Is guided imagery effective in reducing pain and anxiety in the postoperative total joint arthroplasty patient? Orthop Nurs. 2010;29(6):393-9.
[8] Antall GF, Kresevic D. The use of guided imagery to manage pain in an elderly orthopaedic population. Orthop Nurs. 2004;23(5):335-40.
[9] Baird C, Murawski M, Wu J. Efficacy of guided imagery with relaxation for osteoarthritis symptoms and medication intake. Pain Manag Nurs. 2010;11(1):56-65.
[10] Gonzales M, Ledesma C, McAlister C, Perry S, Dyer C, Maye J. Effect of guided imagery on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing same-day surgical procedures a randomized single blind study AANA J. 2010;78(3):181-8.
[11] Christakou A, Zervas Y. The effectiveness of imagery on pain, edema and range of motion in athletes with a grade II ankle sprain. Phys Ther Sport. 2007;8(3):130-40.
[12] Law B, Driediger M, Hall C, Forwell L. Imagery use, perceived pain, limb functioning and satisfaction in athletic injury rehabilitation. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy. 2006;34(1):10-6.
[13] National Institutes of Health. Pain intensity instruments. Bethesda: National Institutes of Health; 2003. Available from: http://painconsortium.nih.gov/pain_scales/NumericRatingSc ale.pdf
[14] Potter P, Perry A. Text book of Potter and Perry's fundamentals of nursing. Salemi S, translator. Tehran: Salemi Publication; 2007. [Persian]
[15] Afsharnejad T, Rezaei S, Yusofzade S. The relationship between fear of movement and pain with disability in patient with chronic back pain. J Rehabil. 2008;11(2):21-8. [Persian]
[16] Ebrahiminejad G, Ebrahiminejad A, Kohan S, Bahrampoor A. McGill pain questionnaire use to assess pain in patients before and after brain and nerves surgery in Kerman Bahonar hospital. Kerman Univ Med Sci J. 2004;11(2):119-25.
[17] Jacques E. McGill pain scale for pain assessment. Montreal: McGill University; 2009.
[18] Kwekkeboom K. Measuring imagery ability psychometric testing of the imaging ability questionnaire. Res Nurs Health. 2000;23(4):301-9.
[19] Madani A, Reihani MJ. The relationship between patellafemoral pain and radiografic changes in patients aged 15 to 40 years old. Iran Med Sci J. 2007;14(56):149-56. [Persian]
[20] Nesioonpour S. Pain. Tehran: Teymoorzadeh Publication; 2004. [Persian]
[21] Kwekkeboom KL, Kneip J, Pearson L. A pilot study to predict success with guided imagery for cancer pain. Pain Manag Nurs. 2003;3(4):112-23.