@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2538-4384 Geographical Researches 2021;36(1):13-21
ISSN: 2538-4384 Geographical Researches 2021;36(1):13-21
Identification and Review of Defenseless Urban Spaces in Oudlajan Neighborhood of Tehran
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Montazeri Z. (*1)EbrahimPoor M. (2)
(*1) Department of Urban Planning, Faculty Architecture and Urban Planning, Art University, Tehran, Iran
(2) Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Khavaran Institute, Mashhad, Iran
Correspondence
Address: No. 16, Rasti Street, 27 Rasti, Mashhad, Iran. Postal Code: 9186113111.Phone: +98 (51) 36225231
Fax: -
Montazerizahra21@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: August 16, 2020Accepted: September 15, 2020
ePublished: March 18, 2021
ABSTRACT
Aims & Backgrounds
Security is one of the basic pillars of urban spaces in order to ensure the welfare and comfort of citizens. Some urban spaces, due to their specific functional and physical characteristics, become spaces for crime and insecurity, and are considered as a defenseless space. The historical context of Oudlajan neighborhood of Tehran has created insecure and defenseless spaces due to the existence of some special physical-functional features. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify and study defenseless spaces in Oudlajan neighborhood of Tehran.
Methodology This research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-descriptive in terms of method. Data collection is based on field-dominated Library Studies, which use observation, questionnaire, interview and photography tools in the field section. The statistical population is the entire population of Oudlajan neighborhood, which according to Cochran’s formula, 374 people have been identified as a sample population. Data analysis was performed SPSS software (sample T_tests, ANOVA and Friedman).
Findings Defenseless spaces in Oudlajan neighborhood are undesirable due to the high average value. Also, in comparison between Oudlajan neighborhoods, Imamzadeh Yahya neighborhood is in a better position than the other two neighborhoods. In Friedman’s prioritization, the functional-physical, visual dimensions are ranked first and second, respectively.
Conclusion The results indicate that there are 72 defenseless spaces in Oudlajan neighborhood, so through strategies such as infrastructure development, cultural and sports facilities with the help of people and local institutions can play an effective role in organizing and returning security to the neighborhood.
Methodology This research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-descriptive in terms of method. Data collection is based on field-dominated Library Studies, which use observation, questionnaire, interview and photography tools in the field section. The statistical population is the entire population of Oudlajan neighborhood, which according to Cochran’s formula, 374 people have been identified as a sample population. Data analysis was performed SPSS software (sample T_tests, ANOVA and Friedman).
Findings Defenseless spaces in Oudlajan neighborhood are undesirable due to the high average value. Also, in comparison between Oudlajan neighborhoods, Imamzadeh Yahya neighborhood is in a better position than the other two neighborhoods. In Friedman’s prioritization, the functional-physical, visual dimensions are ranked first and second, respectively.
Conclusion The results indicate that there are 72 defenseless spaces in Oudlajan neighborhood, so through strategies such as infrastructure development, cultural and sports facilities with the help of people and local institutions can play an effective role in organizing and returning security to the neighborhood.
CITATION LINKS
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[6]Farhadi Khah H, Rajaee SA (2018). Evaluation of urban indefensible areas using safety audit model (case study: Harandi Neighborhood of Tehran). Human Settlements Planning Studies. 5(2):51-68.
[7]Ghalambor Dezfooly R, Mohammadi S (2015). Urban spaces defensless distribution analysis using GIS (case study: new city of Paradis). Police Geography Research Journal. (11):1-24.
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[10]khaziri Afravi N, Mazhari MA, Maki Nayeri S (2015). Formulating the sidewalk design principles with emphasis on increased urban security (case study: Golestan Boulevard in Ahwaz). 4(15):69-82.
[11]Larimian T, Zabihi H, Sadeghi N (2015). Predicting criminal potentials through analyzing the quality of urban space-Case study: 14 regions of Esfahan. Journal of Urban - Regional Studies and Research. 6(24):49-64.
[12]Mansouri F, Ghanimi H, Noufar Z (2017). The relationship between urban indefensible spaces with increased urban Crimes in Kermanshah. Police Geography Research Journal. 5(18):135-162.
[13]Mohammadi A, firouzi mijandi E, Arzhangi H (2019). The zoning of defenseless spaces and prone areas of crime in the city of Ardabil. Geographical Urban Planning Research (GUPR). 7(4):785-806.
[14]Mohseni Tabrizi AR, Gharamani S, Yahak S (2012). Indefensible urban spaces and violence (study on indefensible urban spaces of Tehran city). Journal of Applied Sociology. 22 (4):51-70.
[15]Nayebi H, Swdigh Sarvestani R, Ghahramani S (2012). The role of defenseless urban spaces in violent behavior. Journal of Order Knowledge. 13(1):199-231.
[16]Naghsh Piravash Consulting Engineers (2018). Oudlajan neighborhood revitalization and development plan.
[17]Newman O (1973). Defensible space: People and design in the Violent city. New York: Architectural Press.
[18]Podratchi M (1993). Defenseless spaces [dissertation]. Tehran: Tehran Univrsity.
[19]Rahmat MR (2011). Crime prevention through architecture and urbanity. 1st ed. Bahariju S, editor. Tehran: Mizan Publictions.
[20]Shomaie A, Vahedinejad S (2019). Spatial analysis of criminal hotspots in urban worn out textures (case study: district 12 of Tehran Municipality). 10(4):191-216.
[21]Sohn DW (2016). Residential crimes and neighbourhood built environment: Assessing the effectiveness of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED). Cities. 52:86-93.
[22]Taherkhani H (2002). Creating defensible urban spaces. Quarterly Journal of Urban Management. 3(9):88-95.
[23]Takhti B (2006). The role of defenseless urban spaces in reducing the sense of security in citizens. Housing and Revolution Monthly. 115:64-75.
[24]Bavand Architectural and Urban Consulting Engineers (2010). Urban landscape design of the historical context of the Oudlajan neighborhood.
[25]Yousefi A, Johari L (2015). Defenseless spaces of the city and sense of fear; Phenomenology of crossing bridges in Mashhad. Journal of Geography and Environmental Hazards.11:143-129.
[26]Ziyari K, Farhadi Khah H, Kalantari M (2016). Surveying urban indefensible areas at neighborhood level (case study: Harandi Neighborhood of Tehran). Law Journal of Law Geography. 4(15):29-56.
[2]Akbari R, Pakbonyan S (2012). The impact of public spaces form on women social security sense comparative study in two different residential patterns. Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba Mmary Va Shahrsazi. 17(2):53-64.
[3]Bazargan M, Rahnama MR, Shokouhi MA, Zarghani SH (2019). Identification and spatial analysis of crime hotspots robbery in Mashhad metropolis. Journal of Political Geography Research. 2(6):21-46.
[4]Ebadinejad A, Bahoosh M (2012). Investigation of environmental factors effecting on the prevention of home theft. Journal of Social Regulation. 4(3):105-125.
[5]Ebrahimijam S, Ahmadian R (2014). Reasons of defenceless spaces formation in western terminal of Tehran. Police Geography Research Journal. (4):53-76.
[6]Farhadi Khah H, Rajaee SA (2018). Evaluation of urban indefensible areas using safety audit model (case study: Harandi Neighborhood of Tehran). Human Settlements Planning Studies. 5(2):51-68.
[7]Ghalambor Dezfooly R, Mohammadi S (2015). Urban spaces defensless distribution analysis using GIS (case study: new city of Paradis). Police Geography Research Journal. (11):1-24.
[8]Gholich A, Amari M (2013). Introduction on the urban defenseless spaces. Tehran: Nisa Publisher.
[9]Imani B, Kanooni R, Habibzadeh A, Moslemi A (2015). Measuring sense of social security in urban areas (case study: Ardebil city). Police Geography Research Journal. (10):1-34.
[10]khaziri Afravi N, Mazhari MA, Maki Nayeri S (2015). Formulating the sidewalk design principles with emphasis on increased urban security (case study: Golestan Boulevard in Ahwaz). 4(15):69-82.
[11]Larimian T, Zabihi H, Sadeghi N (2015). Predicting criminal potentials through analyzing the quality of urban space-Case study: 14 regions of Esfahan. Journal of Urban - Regional Studies and Research. 6(24):49-64.
[12]Mansouri F, Ghanimi H, Noufar Z (2017). The relationship between urban indefensible spaces with increased urban Crimes in Kermanshah. Police Geography Research Journal. 5(18):135-162.
[13]Mohammadi A, firouzi mijandi E, Arzhangi H (2019). The zoning of defenseless spaces and prone areas of crime in the city of Ardabil. Geographical Urban Planning Research (GUPR). 7(4):785-806.
[14]Mohseni Tabrizi AR, Gharamani S, Yahak S (2012). Indefensible urban spaces and violence (study on indefensible urban spaces of Tehran city). Journal of Applied Sociology. 22 (4):51-70.
[15]Nayebi H, Swdigh Sarvestani R, Ghahramani S (2012). The role of defenseless urban spaces in violent behavior. Journal of Order Knowledge. 13(1):199-231.
[16]Naghsh Piravash Consulting Engineers (2018). Oudlajan neighborhood revitalization and development plan.
[17]Newman O (1973). Defensible space: People and design in the Violent city. New York: Architectural Press.
[18]Podratchi M (1993). Defenseless spaces [dissertation]. Tehran: Tehran Univrsity.
[19]Rahmat MR (2011). Crime prevention through architecture and urbanity. 1st ed. Bahariju S, editor. Tehran: Mizan Publictions.
[20]Shomaie A, Vahedinejad S (2019). Spatial analysis of criminal hotspots in urban worn out textures (case study: district 12 of Tehran Municipality). 10(4):191-216.
[21]Sohn DW (2016). Residential crimes and neighbourhood built environment: Assessing the effectiveness of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED). Cities. 52:86-93.
[22]Taherkhani H (2002). Creating defensible urban spaces. Quarterly Journal of Urban Management. 3(9):88-95.
[23]Takhti B (2006). The role of defenseless urban spaces in reducing the sense of security in citizens. Housing and Revolution Monthly. 115:64-75.
[24]Bavand Architectural and Urban Consulting Engineers (2010). Urban landscape design of the historical context of the Oudlajan neighborhood.
[25]Yousefi A, Johari L (2015). Defenseless spaces of the city and sense of fear; Phenomenology of crossing bridges in Mashhad. Journal of Geography and Environmental Hazards.11:143-129.
[26]Ziyari K, Farhadi Khah H, Kalantari M (2016). Surveying urban indefensible areas at neighborhood level (case study: Harandi Neighborhood of Tehran). Law Journal of Law Geography. 4(15):29-56.