@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2014;1(1):1-10
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2014;1(1):1-10
Effect of Educational Program to Encourage Safe Sexual Behaviors Among Addicted Men Refered to Substance Abuse Treatment Centers in Hamadan, Western Iran: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Moieni B. (1)Mehdi Hazavehei S.M. (2)
Bashirian S. (1)
Soltanian A. (3)
Mousali A.A. (4*)
Kafami V. (4)
(1) Social Determinants of Health Research Center and Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(2) Health Science Research Center and Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(3) Modeling of Non-communicable Disease Research Center and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(4*) Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Correspondence
Article History
Received: January 10, 2014Accepted: April 22, 2014
ePublished: June 12, 2014
ABSTRACT
Aims
Unsafe sexual behaviors as important risky behaviors can expose individuals and society to dangerous infectious disease such as AIDS and viral hepatitis. Considering the high prevalence of unsafe sexual behaviors, this study aimed to determine the effect of educational programs to encourage safe sexual behaviors among substance abusers referred to substance abuse treatment centers in Hamadan, Western Iran by applying the theory of planned behavior.
Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was performed on 104 men substance abusers (52 participants in each of the control and intervention groups) referred to substance abuse treatment centers in Hamadan. Data collection tool was a questionnaire containing demographic information and the theory of planned behavior constructs. Before the educational program, questionnaires were com-pleted by both groups. After the pretest in both groups, participants in the intervention group participated in four educational sessions designed based on the theory of planned behavior. Two months after the end of program, posttest was performed. Data was analyzed using independent T-test, chi-square, fisher exact test, McNemar’s test and multiple linear regressions using SPSS-16.
Findings After educational intervention, the mean scores of the theory constructs (attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, behavioral control, behavioral intention and behaviors), in the intervention group increased significantly (P<0.05), despite the fact, changes were not significant in the control group.
Conclusion Implementation of educational courses to encourage safe sexual behaviors based on the theory of planned behavior can be beneficial for substance abusers referred to substance abuse treatment cen-ters.
Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was performed on 104 men substance abusers (52 participants in each of the control and intervention groups) referred to substance abuse treatment centers in Hamadan. Data collection tool was a questionnaire containing demographic information and the theory of planned behavior constructs. Before the educational program, questionnaires were com-pleted by both groups. After the pretest in both groups, participants in the intervention group participated in four educational sessions designed based on the theory of planned behavior. Two months after the end of program, posttest was performed. Data was analyzed using independent T-test, chi-square, fisher exact test, McNemar’s test and multiple linear regressions using SPSS-16.
Findings After educational intervention, the mean scores of the theory constructs (attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, behavioral control, behavioral intention and behaviors), in the intervention group increased significantly (P<0.05), despite the fact, changes were not significant in the control group.
Conclusion Implementation of educational courses to encourage safe sexual behaviors based on the theory of planned behavior can be beneficial for substance abusers referred to substance abuse treatment cen-ters.
CITATION LINKS
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[30]Hazavehei S, Sharifirad G, Kargar M. [The Comparison of Educational Intervention Effect Using BASNEF and Classic Models on Improving Assertion Skill Level]. J Res Health Sci.2008; 8(1):1-11. )Persian(
[31]Bashirian S, Hidarnia AR, Allahverdipour H, Hajizadeh E. Application of the theory of planned behavior to predict drug abuse related behaviors among adolescents. J Res Health Sci.2012; 12(1):54-60.
[32]Barati M, Allahverdipour H, Moinei B, Farhadinasab A, Mahjub H, Jalilin F. [Assertiveness skills training efficiency on college students’ persuasive subjective norms against substance abuse]. Scientific Journal of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.2011; 18(3):40-49. )Persian(
[33]Aghamolai T, Eftekhar H, Kazem M. [Health belief model application for changing diabetic patients behavior]. Payesh.2005; 4(4):263-9. )Persian(
[34]Caron F, Godin G, Otis J, Lambert L. [Evaluation of a theoretically based AIDS/STD peereducation program on postponing sexual intercourse and on condom use among adolescents attendinghigh school]. Health Educ Res.2004; 19(2):185-197.
[35]Sohrabi F, Hadian M, Daemi HR, Asgharnezhad Farid AA. [The effectiveness of healthy behavior training program in changing attitude of students towards substance abuse]. Journal of Behavioral Sciences.2008; 2(3):209-20. )Persian(
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[40]Charuluxananan S, Migasena R, Somboonviboon W, Chinachot T, Kunthollaxami A.Effect of national seminar on AIDS andanesthesia upon knowledge attitude and practice concerning HIV among Thai anesthesiapersonnel. J Med Assoc Thai.2000; 83(2):174-81.
[41]Butts JB, Hartman S. Project BART: Effectiveness of behavioral intervention to reduce HIV risk in adolescents. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs.2002; 27(3):163-9.
[42]Ashrafizadeh S, Nikkhoy A, Vaziri Esfarjani S. [Knowledge, attitude and practice of high school young students toward HIV disease]. XVIIth IEA World Congress of Epidemiology, 2005; pp:144. )Persian(
[43]Barati M, Allahverdipour H, Moinei B, Farhadnasab A, Mahjub H. [Evaluation of Theory of Planned Behavior-Based Education in Prevention of MDMA (ecstasy) use among University Students]. Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.2011; 33(3):20-9. )Persian(
[44] Jadgal KH, Zareban I, Rakhshani F, Shahrakipour M, Sepehrvand B. The effect of health education according to the theory of planned behavior on malaria preventive behavior in rural men of Chabahar. J Research Health.2012; 2(2):237-46.
[2]World Health Organization. Young people’s health in context: selected key findings from the health behavior in school-aged Children study. Copenhagen, Edinburgh, 2004.
[3]Yans HA. [Females Sexual life]. Translated by: Nikkhoo MR. 2nded. Tehran: Sobhan publisher; 2001; 78-95. )Persian(
[4]Warnock JJ. Female hypoactive sexual desire disorder: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. CNS Drugs.2002; 16(11):745-53.
[5]Asadi-Lari M, Sayyari AA, Akbari ME, Gray D. Public health improvement in Iran-lessons from the last 20 years. Public Health.2004; 118(6):395-402.
[6]Maleki M, Javidi Z, Mashayekhi V, Tayebi-meibodi N, Nahidi Y, Esmaeili H, et al. [HIV and syphilis serologic survey on clinical vart annal genital patients]. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.2004; 51(100):87-94. )Persian(
[7]Stopparads M. Family health guide. New York: DK (A Dorling Kindersley book); 2002:116.
[8]Burt RD, Thiede H, Barash ET, Sabin K. Recent condom use by arrested injection drug users in King County, Washington, USA. Int J Drug Policy.2006; 17(3):222-9.
[9]Afshar Amin F, Aarabi M, Hagi S, Kasraei F. AIDS and STDs (For adolescents). 2nd edition, Tehran: Iranban Publisher, 2003;1-6. )Persian(
[10]Razzaghi OM. Rahimi Movagher A, Mohammad K, Hosseini M. [Qualitative study of high-risk sexual behaviors among injecting drug users in Tehran]. Journal of Health and Medical Research Institute.2003; 2(2):1-10. )Persian(
[11]Mousali AM, Moeini B, Kafami V, Bashirian S, Barati M.Predicting factors of safe sexual behaviors intention among ad-dicted men covered by addiction treatment centers in Hamadan city: Applying Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).4th National Congress on High Risk Behaviors, November 2013, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences (abstract book; available at: WWW.zaums.ac.ir/uploads/2014)
[12]Farhoodi B. HIV/AIDS And injection Drug Users Tehran; Nashreh Seda Publication, 2003.
[13]Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K. Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research and Practice. 4th ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass publisher, 2008, PP: 67-92.
[14]Albarracín D, Durantini MR, Earl A. Empirical and Theoretical Conclusions of an Analysis of Outcomes of HIV-Prevention Interventions. Curr Dir Psychol Sci.2006; 15(2):73-78.
[15]Ajzen I. The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes.1991; 50(2):179-211.
[16]Armitage CJ. Can the Theory of Planned Behavior Predict the Maintenance of Physical Activity? Health Psychol.2005; 24(3):235-45.
[17]Godin G, Gagné C, Maziade J, Moreault L, Beaulieu D, Morel S. Breast Cancer: the intention to have a mammography and a clinical breast examination-application of the theory of planned behavior. Psychol Health.2001; 16(4):423-41.
[18]Tolma EL, Reininger BM, Evans A, Ureda J. Examining the theory of planned behavior and the construct of self-efficacy to predict mammography intention. Health Educ Behav. 2006; 33(2):233-51.
[19]Mohr DC, Lukas CVD, Meterko M. Predicting healthcare employees' participation in an office redesign program: Atti-tudes, norms and behavioral control. Implement Sci.2008; 3(1):47.
[20]Turchik JA, Gidycz CA. Prediction of Sexual Risk Behaviors in College Students Using the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Prospective Analysis. J Soc Clin Psychol.2012; 31(1):1-27.
[21]Pakpour HajiAgha A, Mohammadi Zeidi I, Mohammadi Zeidi B. [The Impact of Health Education Based on Theory of Planned Behavior on the Prevention of AIDS among Adolescents]. Iran Journal of Nursing.2012; 25(78):1-13. )Persian(
[22]Ebrahimipour H, Jlmbadany Z, Peyman N, Ismaili H, Vafaie Najjar A. [Effect of sex education, based on the theory of planned behavior, on the sexual function of the woman attending Mashhad health centers]. Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences.2013; 20(1):58-67. )Persian(
[23]Zareban I, Heidarnia AR, Rakhshani F, Jabbari H, Abdollahi Mohammad A GH. [Efficacy of AIDS prevention training program on knowledge, attitude and practice of Chabahar sailors, Iran]. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.2006; 8(1):29-36. )Persian(
[24]Ghaffari M, Jamali RS, Rakhshandeh S, Eslami AA. [Effect of educational program on HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, attitude, and behavioral intentions of male high school’s students in Bavanat (Fars province): An interventional research]. Journal of Health in the Field.2013; 1(1):6-12. )Persian(
[25]Tussing L, Chapman-Novakofski K. Osteoporo-sis prevention education: behavior theories and calcium intake. J Am Diet Assoc.2005; 105(1):92-7.
[26]Karimy M, Abedi AR, Amin-Shokravi F, Tavafian SS. Preventing HIV Transmission among the Opiate-Dependent Population in Zarandieh: Evaluation of the HBM-Based Educational Programs. Health Education & Health Promotion.2013; 1(1):21-31.
[27]Coyle K, Basen-Engquist K, Kirby D, Parcel G, Banspach S, Harrist R, and et al. Short-term impact of safer choices: a multicomponent, school-based HIV, other STD, and pregnancy prevention programe. J Sch Health.1999; 69(5):181-8.
[28]Klepp K, Ndeki SS, Lleshabari MT, Hnnana PJ, and Lyimo BA. AIDS education in Tanzania: Promoting risk reduction among primary school children. Am J Public Health.1997; 87(12):1931-6.
[29]Kyrychenko P, Kohler C, Sathiakumar N. Evaluation of a school-based HIV/AIDS educationalintervention in Ukraine. J Adolesc Health.2006; 39(6):900-7.
[30]Hazavehei S, Sharifirad G, Kargar M. [The Comparison of Educational Intervention Effect Using BASNEF and Classic Models on Improving Assertion Skill Level]. J Res Health Sci.2008; 8(1):1-11. )Persian(
[31]Bashirian S, Hidarnia AR, Allahverdipour H, Hajizadeh E. Application of the theory of planned behavior to predict drug abuse related behaviors among adolescents. J Res Health Sci.2012; 12(1):54-60.
[32]Barati M, Allahverdipour H, Moinei B, Farhadinasab A, Mahjub H, Jalilin F. [Assertiveness skills training efficiency on college students’ persuasive subjective norms against substance abuse]. Scientific Journal of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.2011; 18(3):40-49. )Persian(
[33]Aghamolai T, Eftekhar H, Kazem M. [Health belief model application for changing diabetic patients behavior]. Payesh.2005; 4(4):263-9. )Persian(
[34]Caron F, Godin G, Otis J, Lambert L. [Evaluation of a theoretically based AIDS/STD peereducation program on postponing sexual intercourse and on condom use among adolescents attendinghigh school]. Health Educ Res.2004; 19(2):185-197.
[35]Sohrabi F, Hadian M, Daemi HR, Asgharnezhad Farid AA. [The effectiveness of healthy behavior training program in changing attitude of students towards substance abuse]. Journal of Behavioral Sciences.2008; 2(3):209-20. )Persian(
[36] Ratleff-craina J, Donald KM, Dalton J. Knowledge, beliefs, peer norms, and past behaviors as correlates of risky sexual behaviors among college students. Psychol Health.1999; 14(4):625-41.
[37]Cai Y, Hong H, Shi R, Ye X, Xu G, Li S, et al. Long-term follow-up study on peer-led school-basedHIV/AIDS prevention among youths in Shanghai. Int J STD AIDS.2008; 19(12):848-50.
[38]Huang H, Ye X, Cai Y, Shen L, Xu G, Shi R, et al. Study on peer-led school-based HIV/AIDS prevention among youths in a medium-sized city in China. Int J STD AIDS.2008; 19(5):342-6.
[39]Ye XX, Huang H, Li SH, XU G, Cai Y, Chen T, et al. HIV/AIDS education effects on behavior among senior high school students in a medium– sized city in china. Int J STD AIDS.2009; 20(8):549-52.
[40]Charuluxananan S, Migasena R, Somboonviboon W, Chinachot T, Kunthollaxami A.Effect of national seminar on AIDS andanesthesia upon knowledge attitude and practice concerning HIV among Thai anesthesiapersonnel. J Med Assoc Thai.2000; 83(2):174-81.
[41]Butts JB, Hartman S. Project BART: Effectiveness of behavioral intervention to reduce HIV risk in adolescents. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs.2002; 27(3):163-9.
[42]Ashrafizadeh S, Nikkhoy A, Vaziri Esfarjani S. [Knowledge, attitude and practice of high school young students toward HIV disease]. XVIIth IEA World Congress of Epidemiology, 2005; pp:144. )Persian(
[43]Barati M, Allahverdipour H, Moinei B, Farhadnasab A, Mahjub H. [Evaluation of Theory of Planned Behavior-Based Education in Prevention of MDMA (ecstasy) use among University Students]. Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.2011; 33(3):20-9. )Persian(
[44] Jadgal KH, Zareban I, Rakhshani F, Shahrakipour M, Sepehrvand B. The effect of health education according to the theory of planned behavior on malaria preventive behavior in rural men of Chabahar. J Research Health.2012; 2(2):237-46.