ARTICLE INFO

Article Type

Descriptive & Survey Study

Authors

Aghdasi   A.T. (1)
Samadi   H. (*)
Ghari   B. (2)






(*) Motional Behavior Department, Physical Education & Sports Sciences Faculty, Urmia University, Urmia , Iran
(1) Motional Behavior Department, Physical Education & Sports Sciences Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
(2) Motional Behavior Department, Physical Education & Sports Sciences Faculty, Urmia University, Urmia , Iran

Correspondence

Address: Unit 22, Orkideh Complex, Shahid Ghandi Boulevard, Yazd, Iran. Postal Code: 8949193215
Phone: +983516242777
Fax: +983537248877
samadi_mh2005@yahoo.com

Article History

Received:  June  23, 2015
Accepted:  August 12, 2015
ePublished:  August 25, 2015

BRIEF TEXT


… [1-9] As one type of the social anxieties, socio-physical anxiety is very important due the interactions between body and society [10]. Socio-physical anxiety identifies the emotional aspect of the body image, referring to a person’s negative evaluation of their own body. The anxiety can act as a stimulus to gain body fitness or as a deterrent factor due to a threatening image of the environment [11-14]. … [15-21]

The role of exercises in body image satisfaction [22], tendency to individual sport exercises due to high body anxiety [23], the correlation between physical dimension satisfaction and gender of the athletes [24], and correlation between the individual and group athletes among the veterans in self-esteem and mental health [1] have been studied. However, in general, the results of the studies about the correlation between sport exercises and physical activities and body image satisfaction and socio-physical anxiety are contradictory.

The aim of this study was to compare between body dimensions satisfaction and socio-physical anxiety in the individual and group athlete veterans.

This is a causal post-event study.

Male athlete veterans of team sports including futsal, aerobics, and sitting volleyball and individual sports including swimming, fitness, track and field, Ping-Pong, and archery of Urmia (Iran) who had at least three exercise sessions per week regularly were studied in 2014.

70 veterans with 10% injury and without any appearance and physical problem were selected through random sampling from team sports (n=35) and individual sports (n=35).

Body Areas Satisfaction Scale (BASS) was used to assess body dimensions satisfaction. The sub-scale includes 9 questions assessing satisfaction with face composition, hair, lower limb, upper limb, trunk, muscles condition, height, weight, and physical general appearance. The questionnaire is based on Likert’s Scale from 1 (highly dissatisfied) to 5 (highly satisfied) with minimum 9 scores and maximum 45 scores. Its validity and reliability have been confirmed [4, 5]. In a preliminary study, its reliability was computed 0.78 after one week via test-retest coefficient. SPAS questionnaire [12] was used to assess the socio-physical anxiety level. The questionnaire contains 7 questions scored in Likert’s Scale from 1 (never) to 5 (very much). The scores are between 7 and 35 scores, and lower scores show lower socio-physical anxiety level. Its validity and reliability have been confirmed [4, 5]. In a preliminary study, its reliability was computed 0.83 with a week interval. Shapiro test was used to confirm normal distribution of data. Independent T test was used to compare between the scores of body dimensions satisfaction and socio-physical anxiety in the veterans participating in team and individual sports. Data was analyzed, using SPSS 19.

Mean age of the subjects was 42.04±2.52years. There was a significant difference between the mean scores of socio-physical anxiety and body dimensions satisfaction in the athlete veterans participating in individual and team sports, in such a case that there was significantly a lower socio-physical anxiety and a higher body dimensions satisfaction in the athlete veterans participating in team sports than the veterans participating in individual sports (Table 1).

There was a significant difference between body dimensions satisfaction and socio-physical anxiety in the athlete veterans participating in team and individual sports, showing higher body dimensions satisfaction and lower socio-physical anxiety in team athletes than individual athletes. The results are consistent with some other studies [14, 23]. Team sports do not significantly affect body dimensions satisfaction and socio-physical anxiety [24], which are inconsistent with the present results. In general, the athlete veterans participating in team sports achieve higher scores in most of the psychological factors [1]. … [25-31]

In order to avoid isolation, gain a sense of acceptance by others, reduce the socio-physical anxiety, and enhance the psychological factors, the veterans should be encouraged to participate in team sports.

Lack of any comparison between athlete and non-athlete groups, small sample size, and participation of only male veterans were of the limitations for the present study.

There is higher body dimensions satisfaction and lower socio-physical anxiety levels in the athlete veterans participating in team sports than those who participate in individual sports.

All the participating veterans and the staff of Urmia Martyrs and Veterans Foundation are appreciated.

Non-declared

The subjects participated voluntarily, and they assured of confidentiality of individual information.

Non-declared

TABLES and CHARTS

Show attach file


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