@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2018;10(2):107-113
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2018;10(2):107-113
Effect of Hope Promotion Cognitive Training on Characteristic Abilities, Psychological Flexibility, and Cognitive Functions Reconstruction of Veterans’ Wives
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Abbasi M. (*)Pirani Z. (1)
Zanguei A.R. (1)
Zarei M.H. (2)
(*) Psychology Department, Literature & Human Sciences Faculty, Salman Farsi University of Kazerun, Kazerun, Iran
(1) Psychology Department, Human Sciences Faculty, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak , Iran
(2) Psychology Department, Literature & Human Sciences Faculty, Salman Farsi University, Kazerun, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Students Affair Deputy, Salman Farsi University, First of Taleqani Street, Ershad Junction, Kazerun, IranPhone: +98 (71) 42226050
Fax: +98 (71) 42226050
abbasi@kazerunsfu.ac.ir
Article History
Received: August 4, 2017Accepted: January 15, 2018
ePublished: April 10, 2018
ABSTRACT
Aims
It seems that the cognitive and characteristic aspects of some of the veterans’ wives have been influenced by the consequences of war on their lives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hope promotion cognitive training on characteristic abilities, psychological flexibility, and cognitive functions reconstruction of veterans’ wives.
Materials & Methods In this semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with control group, 50 veterans’ wives from Kazeroon, Iran in 2017 were selected by available sampling method; they were randomly divided to two experimental (n=25) and control (n=25) groups. To collect the data, Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and Values in Action Inventory were used. The experimental group received cognitive hope promotion training for 6 weeks. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 23 software, using multivariate analysis of covariance analysis.
Findings By controlling the effects of pre-test, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of overall score of characteristic abilities, psychological flexibility, and cognitive functions reconstruction (p=0.0001). Also, after the intervention, the mean scores of characteristic abilities and cognitive functions reconstruction increased significantly in the experimental group (p<0.05); these increases were not significant only in inhibitory control and selective attention as well as social cognition (p>0.05).
Conclusion Hope promotion cognitive training has an effect on the characteristic abilities, psychological flexibility, and cognitive functions reconstruction of veterans’ wives, but it does not affect the inhibitory control and selective attention as well as social cognition.
Materials & Methods In this semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with control group, 50 veterans’ wives from Kazeroon, Iran in 2017 were selected by available sampling method; they were randomly divided to two experimental (n=25) and control (n=25) groups. To collect the data, Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and Values in Action Inventory were used. The experimental group received cognitive hope promotion training for 6 weeks. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 23 software, using multivariate analysis of covariance analysis.
Findings By controlling the effects of pre-test, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of overall score of characteristic abilities, psychological flexibility, and cognitive functions reconstruction (p=0.0001). Also, after the intervention, the mean scores of characteristic abilities and cognitive functions reconstruction increased significantly in the experimental group (p<0.05); these increases were not significant only in inhibitory control and selective attention as well as social cognition (p>0.05).
Conclusion Hope promotion cognitive training has an effect on the characteristic abilities, psychological flexibility, and cognitive functions reconstruction of veterans’ wives, but it does not affect the inhibitory control and selective attention as well as social cognition.
Keywords:
Hope Promotion Cognitive Training ,
Characteristic Abilities ,
Psychological Flexibility ,
Cognitive Functions ,
Veterans ,
CITATION LINKS
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[30]Snyder CR, Lopez ShJ, Shorey HS, Rand KL, Feldman DB. Hope theory, measurements, and applications to school psychology. Sch Psychol Q. 2003;18(2):122-39.
[31]Rand KL, Martin AD, Shea AM. Hope, but not optimism predicts academic performance of law students beyond previous academic achievement. J Res Personal. 2011;45(6):683-6.
[32]Tucker RP, Wingate LR, O’Keefe VM, Mills AC, Rasmussen K, Davidson CL, et al. Rumination and suicidal ideation: The moderating roles of hope and optimism. Personal Individ Differ. 2013;55(6):606-11.
[33]Esteves M, Scoloveno RL, Mahat G, Yarcheski A, Scoloveno MA. An integrative review of adolescent hope. J Pediatr Nurs. 2013;28(2):105-13.
[34]Berendes D, Keefe FJ, Somers TJ, Kothadia SM, Porter LS, Cheavens JS. Hope in the context of lung cancer: Relationships of hope to symptoms and psychological distress. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2010;40(2):174-82.
[35]Alarcon GM, Bowling NA, Khazon S. Great expectations: A meta-analytic examination of optimism and hope. Person Individ Differ. 2013;54(7):821-7.
[36]Harris R. Embracing your demons: An overview of acceptance and commitment therapy. Psychother Aust. 2006;12(4):2-8.
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[2]Saleh S, Zahedi Asl M. Correlation of social support with social health of psychiatry veterans wives. Iran J War Public Health. 2014;6(5):201-6. [Persian]
[3]Ghahari Sh, Mehryar AH, Birashk B. Comparitive study of some mental disorders in children of fatherless, martyred’s, veteran’s, and normal (7-12 years old) in Chalus city. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2003;13(41):81-91. [Persian]
[4]Afrooz GH, Vysmeh AA. The relationship between depression and how veterans sons with their fathers. J Psychol Educ Sci. 2001;31(2):35-50. [Persian]
[5]Molaee M, Moradi A, Gharayee B. Executive function and neuropsychological evidence among OCD and GAD. J Behav Sci. 2008;1(2):131-41. [Persian]
[6]Ghamari Givi H, Maqsoud N, Dehghani F. The effect of cognitive rehabilitation on the reconstruction of executive functions of obsessive-compulsive patients. Q Clin Psychol. 2014;4(16):101-28. [Persian]
[7]Crone EA, Wendelken C, Donohue SE, Bunge SA. Neural evidence for dissociable components of task-switching. Cerebral Cortex. 2006;16(4):475-86.
[8]Alemi S, moradi A, Jonabian A. The psychological (emotional and cognitive) performance of spouse's cancer during and after treatment. J Res Psychol Health. 2012;6(1):36-44. [Presian]
[9]Pourfaraj Omran M. The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy in social phobia of students. Knowl Health. 2011;6(2):1-5. [Persian]
[10]Hayes SC, Luoma JB, Bond FW, Masuda A, Lillis J. Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behav Res Ther. 2006;44(1):1-25.
[11]Hayes SC, Strosahl KD, Wilson KG. Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change. New York: Guilford Publication; 1999.
[12]Fledderus M, Bohlmeijer ET, Pieterse ME. Does experientialavoidance mediate the effects of maladaptive coping styles onpsychopathology and mental health?. Behav Modif. 2010;34(6):503-19.
[13]Westin V, Hayes SC, Andersson G. Is it the sound or your relationship to it? The role of acceptance in predicting tinnitus impact. Behav Res Ther. 2008;46(12):1259-65.
[14]Karimizadeh F, ShafiAbadi A, Farahbakhsh K. The investigate the relationship between personality abilities and the moral foundations of delinquents juvenile. Q Psychol Educ Sci. 2016;2(2):11-21. [Persian]
[15]Li T, Liu X. Role of character strengths and stress in psychological symptoms among chinese secondary vocational school students. Psychology. 2016;7(1):52-61.
[16]Seligman ME, Steen TA, Park N, Peterson C. Positive psychology progress: Empirical validation of interventions. Am psychol. 2005;60(5):410-21.
[17]Peterson Ch, Ruch W, Beermann U, Park N, Seligman MEP. Strengths of character, orientations to happiness, and life satisfaction. J Posit Psychol. 2007;2(3):149-56.
[18]Kozlova NV. The psychological and acmeological approach in an educational practice of the higher school. Siberian J Psychol. 2008;29:79-85. [Russian]
[19]Park N, Peterson C, Seligman MEP. Strengths of character and well-being. J Soc Clin Psychol. 2004;23(5):603-19.
[20]Snyder CR. Hope and depression: A light in the darkness. J Soc Clin Psychol. 2004;23(3):347-51.
[21]Feldman DB, Snyder CR. Hope and the meaningful life: Theoretical and empirical associations betweengoal- directed thinking and life meaning. J Soc Clin Psychol. 2005;24(3):401-21.
[22]Chang EC, DeSimone SL. The influence of hope on appraisals, coping, and dysphoria: A test of hope theory. J Soc Clin Psychol. 2001;20(2):117-29.
[23]Steffen LE, Smith BW. The influence of between and within personhope among emergency responders on daily affect in a stress andcoping model. J Res Personal. 2013;47(6):738-47.
[24]Fazeli M, Ehteshamzadeh P, Hashemi Sheikh Shabani SE. The effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy on cognitive flexibility of depressed people. Thought Behav Clin Psychol. 2015;9(34):27-36. [Persian]
[25]Namdari K, Molavi H, Malekpour H, Kalantari M. The effect of cognitive hope enhancing training on character strengths of disthymic clients. J Clin Psychol. 2009;1(3):21-34. [Persian]
[26]Hosseini SA, Badri R, Salimy H, Kolyaei L. The effect of cognitive hope enhancing training on reduction of victimization of high school students. Q educ Psychol. 2015;11(37):1-19. [Persian]
[27]Delavar A. Theoretical and practical research in the humanities and social sciences. 2nd edition. Teharn: Roshd; 2001. [Persian]
[28]Imani M. Investigating the factor structure of students unconscious flexibility questionnaire. J Teach Learn Stud. 2016;8(1):162-81. [Persian]
[29]Nejati V. Cognitive abilities questionnaire: Development and evaluation of psychometric properties. Adv Cogn Sci. 2013;15(2):11-9. [Persian]
[30]Snyder CR, Lopez ShJ, Shorey HS, Rand KL, Feldman DB. Hope theory, measurements, and applications to school psychology. Sch Psychol Q. 2003;18(2):122-39.
[31]Rand KL, Martin AD, Shea AM. Hope, but not optimism predicts academic performance of law students beyond previous academic achievement. J Res Personal. 2011;45(6):683-6.
[32]Tucker RP, Wingate LR, O’Keefe VM, Mills AC, Rasmussen K, Davidson CL, et al. Rumination and suicidal ideation: The moderating roles of hope and optimism. Personal Individ Differ. 2013;55(6):606-11.
[33]Esteves M, Scoloveno RL, Mahat G, Yarcheski A, Scoloveno MA. An integrative review of adolescent hope. J Pediatr Nurs. 2013;28(2):105-13.
[34]Berendes D, Keefe FJ, Somers TJ, Kothadia SM, Porter LS, Cheavens JS. Hope in the context of lung cancer: Relationships of hope to symptoms and psychological distress. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2010;40(2):174-82.
[35]Alarcon GM, Bowling NA, Khazon S. Great expectations: A meta-analytic examination of optimism and hope. Person Individ Differ. 2013;54(7):821-7.
[36]Harris R. Embracing your demons: An overview of acceptance and commitment therapy. Psychother Aust. 2006;12(4):2-8.
[37]Haglund ME, Nestadt PS, Cooper NS, Southwick SM, Charney DS. Psychobiological mechanisms of resilience: Relevance to prevention and treatment of stress-related psychopathology. Dev Psychopathol. 2007;19(3):889-920.
[38]Masuda A, Tully EC. The role of mindfulness and psychological flexibility in somatization, depression, anxiety, and general psychological distress in a nonclinical college sample. J Evid Base Complement Altern Med. 2012;17(1):66-71.