@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2019;6(1):33-39
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2019;6(1):33-39
Effect of Awareness and Perceived Self-Efficacy on Breast Cancer Preventive Behaviors in Women; A Case Study of Neyshabur City
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Descriptive & Survey StudyAuthors
Hoseini Z.S. (1)Tavakoli Ghouchani H. (*1)
Mohaddes Hakak H.R. (1)
Lashkardoost H. (2)
Khankolabi M. (1)
Mehri A. (3)
Salari E. (4)
(1) Health Education & Promotion Department, Health Faculty, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
(2) Biostatistics & Epidemiology Department, Health Faculty, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
(3) Health Education Department, Health Faculty, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
(4) Nursing Department, Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran
Correspondence
Article History
Received: June 17, 2018Accepted: September 3, 2018
ePublished: March 19, 2019
ABSTRACT
Aims
Breast cancer is currently one of the main causes of women's death in the world. Having a healthy lifestyle and performing screening tests has an effective role in reducing the mortality due to this disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of awareness and perceived self-efficacy of women of Neyshabur city on the preventive behaviors of breast cancer.
Instrument & Methods This cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was carried out on 248 women aged 30-69 years old who referred to Neyshabur Health Services Centers. The subjects were selected by cluster sampling method. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire after assessment of its validity and reliability by a self-report method. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software, using Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression method.
Findings There was a significant positive correlation between the mean scores of awareness (r=0.179; p=0.005) and perceived self-efficacy of women (r=0.211; p=0.001) with the preventive behaviors of breast cancer. Totally, self-efficacy and awareness variables significantly predicted %67 of the breast cancer preventive behaviors (p<0.05).
Conclusion Increasing of women's perceived self-efficacy and awareness can be effective on promoting the prevention behaviors of breast cancer.
Instrument & Methods This cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was carried out on 248 women aged 30-69 years old who referred to Neyshabur Health Services Centers. The subjects were selected by cluster sampling method. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire after assessment of its validity and reliability by a self-report method. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software, using Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression method.
Findings There was a significant positive correlation between the mean scores of awareness (r=0.179; p=0.005) and perceived self-efficacy of women (r=0.211; p=0.001) with the preventive behaviors of breast cancer. Totally, self-efficacy and awareness variables significantly predicted %67 of the breast cancer preventive behaviors (p<0.05).
Conclusion Increasing of women's perceived self-efficacy and awareness can be effective on promoting the prevention behaviors of breast cancer.
CITATION LINKS
[1]Mohajeri G, Khezreh H, Mehrabi Koushki A, Mohajeri HR, Mohajeri MR, Faghihi M. Evaluation of fine needle aspiration versus core needle biopsy for breast cancer detection. J Isfahan Med Sch. 2012;30(175):32-9. [Persian]
[2]Mokhtari Hesari P, Moghadamifard Z, Khodabakhshi R, Gohari MR. Identification prognostic factors for disease free-survival in brast cancer patients. J North Khorasan Univ Med Sci. 2014;5(4):821-9. [Persian]
[3]Farajzadegan Z. Breast cancer and new challenges in Iran: an opinion letter. Invest Gynecol Res Womens Health. 2017;1(2):1-2.
[4]DeSantis CE, Ma J, Goding Sauer A, Newman LA, Jemal A. Breast cancer statistics, 2017, racial disparity in mortality by state. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(6):439-48.
[5]DeSantis C, Siegel R, Bandi P, Jemal A. Breast cancer statistics, 2011. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011;61(6):408-18.
[6]Besharat S, Moti MR, Besharat M, Roshandel G. Breast cancer risk factors in women of Golestan Province in Iran: A case-control study. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2011;13(6):46-51. [Persian]
[7] Abachizadeh K, Moradi Kouchi A, Ghanbari Motlagh A, Kousha A, Shekarriz Foumani R, Erfani A. Breast cancer in Iran: levels, variations and correlates. Community Health. 2018;5(1):11-21. [Persian]
[8]Akbari ME, Sayad S, Sayad S, Khayamzadeh M, Shojaee L, Shormeji Z, et al. Breast cancer status in Iran: statistical analysis of 3010 cases between 1998 and 2014. Int J Breast Cancer. 2017;2017:1-10.
[9]Wang HH, Chung YC, Sun JL. The effects of education program on knowledge and intention of breast cancer screening in Taiwan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(11):5545-9.
[10]Khalili AF, Shahnazi M. Breast cancer screening (breast self-examination, clinical breast exam, and mammography) in women referred to health centers in Tabriz, Iran. Indian J Med Sci. 2010;64(4):149-62.
[11]Dafei M, Dehghani A, Momeni Z, Kalanfarmanfarma K, Koohgardi M, Jalali M, et al. Study of breast cancer knowledge, attitude, and preventive behaviors among women referring to health-treatment centers in Yazd, Iran, 2015. Pajouhan Sci J. 2017;15(2):46-53. [Persian]
[12]Abbastabar H, Soleymani Dodaran M, Hamidifard P, Jalilian F, Mirzaei M, Nasirzadeh M. The relationship between breast cancer and the most common noncontagious disease risk factors: an ecologic study. J Health Syst Res. 2012;8(3):369-76. [Persian]
[13]Tahergorabi Z, Moodi M, Mesbahzadeh B. Breast cancer: a preventable disease. J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2014;21(2):126-41. [Persian]
[14]Awick EA, Phillips SM, Lloyd GR, McAuley E. Physical activity, self‐efficacy and self‐esteem in breast cancer survivors: a panel model. Psycho‐oncology. 2017;26(10):1625-31.
[15] Werk RS, Hill JC, Graber JA. Impact of knowledge, self-efficacy, and perceived importance on steps taken toward cancer prevention among college men and women. J Cancer Educ. 2017;32(1):148-54.
[16] Kalan Farmanfama K, Jalili Z, Zareban I, Shahrakipour M, Bahrami M. Predictors of preventive behavior breast cancer based on health belief model in teachers of secondary schools of Zahedan city. Journal Zabol Univ Med Sci Health Serv. 2013;5(3):47-56. [Persian]
[17]Shaabani J, Rahgoi A, Nourozi K, Rahgozar M, Shaabani M. The relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life among elderly people. Salmand. 2017;11(4):518-27. [Persian]
[18]Malmir S, Barati M, Khani Jeihooni A, Bashirian S, Hazavehei SMM. Effect of an educational intervention based on protection motivation theory on preventing cervical cancer among marginalized women in West Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19(3):755-61.
[19]Kalan Farmanfarma K, Zareban I, Jalili Z, Shahrakipour M, Lotfi B. The effect of education on condition of knowledge, attitude and preventive behaviors of breast cancer in female teachers at guidance schools in Zahedan. J Torbat Heydariyeh Univ Med Sci. 2013;1(3):65-73. [Persian]
[20]Shiryazdi SM, Kargar S, Farahbod AR, Neamatzadeh H, Aboueian Jahromi M. Knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding breast cancer screening among women referring to health centers of Yazd city. J Community Health Res. 2014;3(2)80-95.
[21] Motevalli R, Mousazadeh T. Knowledge and attitude of women toward screening breast cancer screening. J Health Care. 2011;13(3):23-8. [Persian]
[22]Rastad H, Shokouhi L, Dehghani SL, Motamed Jahromi M. Assessment of the awareness and practice of women vis-à-vis breast self-examination in Fasa in 2011. J Fars Univ Med Sci. 2013;3(1):75-80.[Persian]
[23]Ziayifard Z, Abdollahi K, Zahedi R, Rahmanian S, Rahmanian K. A survey of the knowledge of the 20 year and older women on breast self-examination and mammography, southern Iran, 2009. Pars J Med Sci. 2012;10(2):49-55. [Persian]
[24]Neinavayi M, Soltani H, Soltani N. The relationship between breast self-examination (BSE) awareness and demographic factors in women health management. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2017;20(1):15-22. [Persian]
[25]Bahrami M, Teymoori P, Bahrami A, Farazi E, Farhadifar F. The prevalence of breast and cervical cancer screening and related factors in woman who referring to health center of Sanandaj city in 2014. Zanko J Med Sci. 2015;16(50):1-12. [Persian]
[26]Badakhsh M, Balouchi A, Taheri S, Bouya S, Ahmadidarehsima S, Aminifard M. Attitude and practice regarding breast cancer early detection among iranian women: a systematic review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19(1):9-16.
[27] Nafissi N, Saghafinia M, Motamedi MH, Akbari ME. A survey of breast cancer knowledge and attitude in Iranian women. J Cancer Res Ther. 2012;8(1):46-9.
[28] Rejali M, Yadegarfar G, Mostajeran M, Aghdak P, Fadaei R, Ansari R. Evaluation of the status of breast cancer screening in women in Isfahan Province, Iran. J Health Syst Res. 2017;13(4):415-21. [Persian]
[29] Kissal A, Beser A. Knowledge, facilitators and perceived barriers for early detection of breast cancer among elderly Turkish women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011;12(4):975-84.
[30]Naqvi AA, Zehra F, Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Yazdani N, Usmani S, et al. Awareness, knowledge and attitude towards breast cancer, breast screening and early detection techniques among women in Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2018;68(4):576-86.
[31]Tabesh M, Tabesh M, Ghiasvand R, Yadegarfar G. The relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity and glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes . J Health Sys Res. 2011;6(3):465-72. [Persian]
[32]Mirkarimi SK, Ozoni Doji R, Honarvar M, Fazeli Aref L. Correlation between physical activities, consumption of fruits and vegetables and using social cognitive theory constructs in obese or overweight women referring to health centers in Gorgan. Jorjani Biomed J. 2017;5(1):42-52. [Persian]
[33] Daniali SS, Azadbakht L, Mostafavi F. The relationship between body image, self-efficacy and physical activity in female employees of Isfahan University of Medical Science and University of Isfahan, Iran. Health Syst Res J. 2012;8(6):991-1001. [Persian]
[34]Karmakar M, Pinto SL, Jordan TR, Mohamed I, Holiday-Goodman M. Predicting adherence to aromatase inhibitor therapy among breast cancer survivors: an application of the protection motivation theory. Breast Cancer (Auckl). 2017;11:1178223417694520.
[35]Pourvakhshoori SN, Pasha A, Ghanbari A, Atrkar Roshan Z. Relationship between self-efficacy and health behaviors of faculty members of Guilan University of Medical Science. Iran J Nurs. 2011;24(70):39-48. [Persian]
[36]Navabi Rigi S, Khojaste F, Bendani F. Breast cancer and Breast self‐examination: acknowledgement and attitude based on health belief model in literature and engineering colleges of Sistan Balochestsn University female students. Iran J Breast Dis. 2012;5(1):65-73. [Persian]
[37] Momenian S, Rangraz Jedi M, Saniei Irani F, Adibi Gorgani Z, Sarvi F. Prediction of breast self-examination in a sample of nursing and midwifery students Qom city using health belief model, Iran. Qom Univ Med Sci. 2014;8(2):28-33. [Persian]
[38] Sahraei A, Noroozi A, Tahmasebi R. Predicting factors of breast self-examination based on health belief model and locus of control among women aged 20-50 years. J Hayat. 2013;19(2):27-39. [Persian]
[39] Mohammadbeigi A, Anbari Z, Mohammadsalehi N, Mahdipour A, Ahmadli R, Ansari H. Study of the relationship between self-efficacy and health-promoting lifestyle and associated factors in nurses. Qom Univ Med Sci. 2016;10(7):49-57. [Persian]
[40]Komar-Samardzija M, Braun LT, Keithley JK, Quinn LT. Factors associated with physical activity levels in African-American women with type 2 diabetes. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2012;24(4):209-17.
[2]Mokhtari Hesari P, Moghadamifard Z, Khodabakhshi R, Gohari MR. Identification prognostic factors for disease free-survival in brast cancer patients. J North Khorasan Univ Med Sci. 2014;5(4):821-9. [Persian]
[3]Farajzadegan Z. Breast cancer and new challenges in Iran: an opinion letter. Invest Gynecol Res Womens Health. 2017;1(2):1-2.
[4]DeSantis CE, Ma J, Goding Sauer A, Newman LA, Jemal A. Breast cancer statistics, 2017, racial disparity in mortality by state. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(6):439-48.
[5]DeSantis C, Siegel R, Bandi P, Jemal A. Breast cancer statistics, 2011. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011;61(6):408-18.
[6]Besharat S, Moti MR, Besharat M, Roshandel G. Breast cancer risk factors in women of Golestan Province in Iran: A case-control study. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2011;13(6):46-51. [Persian]
[7] Abachizadeh K, Moradi Kouchi A, Ghanbari Motlagh A, Kousha A, Shekarriz Foumani R, Erfani A. Breast cancer in Iran: levels, variations and correlates. Community Health. 2018;5(1):11-21. [Persian]
[8]Akbari ME, Sayad S, Sayad S, Khayamzadeh M, Shojaee L, Shormeji Z, et al. Breast cancer status in Iran: statistical analysis of 3010 cases between 1998 and 2014. Int J Breast Cancer. 2017;2017:1-10.
[9]Wang HH, Chung YC, Sun JL. The effects of education program on knowledge and intention of breast cancer screening in Taiwan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(11):5545-9.
[10]Khalili AF, Shahnazi M. Breast cancer screening (breast self-examination, clinical breast exam, and mammography) in women referred to health centers in Tabriz, Iran. Indian J Med Sci. 2010;64(4):149-62.
[11]Dafei M, Dehghani A, Momeni Z, Kalanfarmanfarma K, Koohgardi M, Jalali M, et al. Study of breast cancer knowledge, attitude, and preventive behaviors among women referring to health-treatment centers in Yazd, Iran, 2015. Pajouhan Sci J. 2017;15(2):46-53. [Persian]
[12]Abbastabar H, Soleymani Dodaran M, Hamidifard P, Jalilian F, Mirzaei M, Nasirzadeh M. The relationship between breast cancer and the most common noncontagious disease risk factors: an ecologic study. J Health Syst Res. 2012;8(3):369-76. [Persian]
[13]Tahergorabi Z, Moodi M, Mesbahzadeh B. Breast cancer: a preventable disease. J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2014;21(2):126-41. [Persian]
[14]Awick EA, Phillips SM, Lloyd GR, McAuley E. Physical activity, self‐efficacy and self‐esteem in breast cancer survivors: a panel model. Psycho‐oncology. 2017;26(10):1625-31.
[15] Werk RS, Hill JC, Graber JA. Impact of knowledge, self-efficacy, and perceived importance on steps taken toward cancer prevention among college men and women. J Cancer Educ. 2017;32(1):148-54.
[16] Kalan Farmanfama K, Jalili Z, Zareban I, Shahrakipour M, Bahrami M. Predictors of preventive behavior breast cancer based on health belief model in teachers of secondary schools of Zahedan city. Journal Zabol Univ Med Sci Health Serv. 2013;5(3):47-56. [Persian]
[17]Shaabani J, Rahgoi A, Nourozi K, Rahgozar M, Shaabani M. The relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life among elderly people. Salmand. 2017;11(4):518-27. [Persian]
[18]Malmir S, Barati M, Khani Jeihooni A, Bashirian S, Hazavehei SMM. Effect of an educational intervention based on protection motivation theory on preventing cervical cancer among marginalized women in West Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19(3):755-61.
[19]Kalan Farmanfarma K, Zareban I, Jalili Z, Shahrakipour M, Lotfi B. The effect of education on condition of knowledge, attitude and preventive behaviors of breast cancer in female teachers at guidance schools in Zahedan. J Torbat Heydariyeh Univ Med Sci. 2013;1(3):65-73. [Persian]
[20]Shiryazdi SM, Kargar S, Farahbod AR, Neamatzadeh H, Aboueian Jahromi M. Knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding breast cancer screening among women referring to health centers of Yazd city. J Community Health Res. 2014;3(2)80-95.
[21] Motevalli R, Mousazadeh T. Knowledge and attitude of women toward screening breast cancer screening. J Health Care. 2011;13(3):23-8. [Persian]
[22]Rastad H, Shokouhi L, Dehghani SL, Motamed Jahromi M. Assessment of the awareness and practice of women vis-à-vis breast self-examination in Fasa in 2011. J Fars Univ Med Sci. 2013;3(1):75-80.[Persian]
[23]Ziayifard Z, Abdollahi K, Zahedi R, Rahmanian S, Rahmanian K. A survey of the knowledge of the 20 year and older women on breast self-examination and mammography, southern Iran, 2009. Pars J Med Sci. 2012;10(2):49-55. [Persian]
[24]Neinavayi M, Soltani H, Soltani N. The relationship between breast self-examination (BSE) awareness and demographic factors in women health management. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2017;20(1):15-22. [Persian]
[25]Bahrami M, Teymoori P, Bahrami A, Farazi E, Farhadifar F. The prevalence of breast and cervical cancer screening and related factors in woman who referring to health center of Sanandaj city in 2014. Zanko J Med Sci. 2015;16(50):1-12. [Persian]
[26]Badakhsh M, Balouchi A, Taheri S, Bouya S, Ahmadidarehsima S, Aminifard M. Attitude and practice regarding breast cancer early detection among iranian women: a systematic review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19(1):9-16.
[27] Nafissi N, Saghafinia M, Motamedi MH, Akbari ME. A survey of breast cancer knowledge and attitude in Iranian women. J Cancer Res Ther. 2012;8(1):46-9.
[28] Rejali M, Yadegarfar G, Mostajeran M, Aghdak P, Fadaei R, Ansari R. Evaluation of the status of breast cancer screening in women in Isfahan Province, Iran. J Health Syst Res. 2017;13(4):415-21. [Persian]
[29] Kissal A, Beser A. Knowledge, facilitators and perceived barriers for early detection of breast cancer among elderly Turkish women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011;12(4):975-84.
[30]Naqvi AA, Zehra F, Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Yazdani N, Usmani S, et al. Awareness, knowledge and attitude towards breast cancer, breast screening and early detection techniques among women in Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2018;68(4):576-86.
[31]Tabesh M, Tabesh M, Ghiasvand R, Yadegarfar G. The relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity and glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes . J Health Sys Res. 2011;6(3):465-72. [Persian]
[32]Mirkarimi SK, Ozoni Doji R, Honarvar M, Fazeli Aref L. Correlation between physical activities, consumption of fruits and vegetables and using social cognitive theory constructs in obese or overweight women referring to health centers in Gorgan. Jorjani Biomed J. 2017;5(1):42-52. [Persian]
[33] Daniali SS, Azadbakht L, Mostafavi F. The relationship between body image, self-efficacy and physical activity in female employees of Isfahan University of Medical Science and University of Isfahan, Iran. Health Syst Res J. 2012;8(6):991-1001. [Persian]
[34]Karmakar M, Pinto SL, Jordan TR, Mohamed I, Holiday-Goodman M. Predicting adherence to aromatase inhibitor therapy among breast cancer survivors: an application of the protection motivation theory. Breast Cancer (Auckl). 2017;11:1178223417694520.
[35]Pourvakhshoori SN, Pasha A, Ghanbari A, Atrkar Roshan Z. Relationship between self-efficacy and health behaviors of faculty members of Guilan University of Medical Science. Iran J Nurs. 2011;24(70):39-48. [Persian]
[36]Navabi Rigi S, Khojaste F, Bendani F. Breast cancer and Breast self‐examination: acknowledgement and attitude based on health belief model in literature and engineering colleges of Sistan Balochestsn University female students. Iran J Breast Dis. 2012;5(1):65-73. [Persian]
[37] Momenian S, Rangraz Jedi M, Saniei Irani F, Adibi Gorgani Z, Sarvi F. Prediction of breast self-examination in a sample of nursing and midwifery students Qom city using health belief model, Iran. Qom Univ Med Sci. 2014;8(2):28-33. [Persian]
[38] Sahraei A, Noroozi A, Tahmasebi R. Predicting factors of breast self-examination based on health belief model and locus of control among women aged 20-50 years. J Hayat. 2013;19(2):27-39. [Persian]
[39] Mohammadbeigi A, Anbari Z, Mohammadsalehi N, Mahdipour A, Ahmadli R, Ansari H. Study of the relationship between self-efficacy and health-promoting lifestyle and associated factors in nurses. Qom Univ Med Sci. 2016;10(7):49-57. [Persian]
[40]Komar-Samardzija M, Braun LT, Keithley JK, Quinn LT. Factors associated with physical activity levels in African-American women with type 2 diabetes. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2012;24(4):209-17.