@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2017;23(2):99-104
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2017;23(2):99-104
Effect of Aromatic Essential Oil of Lavender on the Electrical Activity of Healthy Girls’ Heart during Exercise
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Torabi M. (1 )Moharamzadeh S. (*)
Ebrahim Kh. (2)
(*) Sport Physiology Department, Sport Science Faculty, Shahid Rajaii Teacher Teaching University, Tehran, Iran
(1 ) Sport Physiology Department, Sport Science Faculty, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
(2) Sport Physiology Department, Sport Science Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Sport Physiology Department, Sport Science Faculty, Shahid Rajaii Teacher Teaching University, Shabanlou Street, Lavizan, Tehran, Iran. Postal Code: 1678815811Phone: +98 (21) 26329095
Fax: +98 (21) 26329095
s.moharamzadeh@srttu.edu
Article History
Received: February 12, 2016Accepted: November 14, 2016
ePublished: March 25, 2017
ABSTRACT
Aims
Some of the herbal supplementations consumed by the athletes in order to improve their athletic functions are selected to affect the cardio-vascular system. The aim of the study was to investigate the aromatic effects of lavender essential oils on the heart electrical functions during exercises in the healthy girls.
Materials & Methods In the repeated pretest-posttest semi-experimental study, 9 active healthy girls studying sport sciences in Shahid Rajaei University were studied in 2015. The subjects were selected via purposeful sampling method. As counter balance, either ethanol soaked cotton or lavender oil essence were exposed to each subject, and the Conconi test was conducted as a sport activity. Both electrocardiogram waves and blood pressure data were recorded before the activities and immediately after and one minute after the end of the activity (recovery). Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software using repeated ANOVA and student T tests.
Findings Immediately after the test, the systolic blood pressure in experimental group was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05). In addition, the inhalation of the lavender oil in experimental group increased R wave height during the final moments of exercises compared to control group (p<0.05). Nevertheless, the systolic blood pressure, T wave height, and R-R and Q-T distances did not significantly change in response to the exercises.
Conclusion During the sport activities, the inhalation of lavender affects the heart ventricular function, as well as the heart beat and the systolic blood pressure.
Materials & Methods In the repeated pretest-posttest semi-experimental study, 9 active healthy girls studying sport sciences in Shahid Rajaei University were studied in 2015. The subjects were selected via purposeful sampling method. As counter balance, either ethanol soaked cotton or lavender oil essence were exposed to each subject, and the Conconi test was conducted as a sport activity. Both electrocardiogram waves and blood pressure data were recorded before the activities and immediately after and one minute after the end of the activity (recovery). Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software using repeated ANOVA and student T tests.
Findings Immediately after the test, the systolic blood pressure in experimental group was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05). In addition, the inhalation of the lavender oil in experimental group increased R wave height during the final moments of exercises compared to control group (p<0.05). Nevertheless, the systolic blood pressure, T wave height, and R-R and Q-T distances did not significantly change in response to the exercises.
Conclusion During the sport activities, the inhalation of lavender affects the heart ventricular function, as well as the heart beat and the systolic blood pressure.
CITATION LINKS
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[23]Shiina Y, Funabashi N, Lee K, Toyoda T, Sekine T, Honjo S, et al. Relaxation effects of lavender aromatherapy improve coronary flow velocity reserve in healthy men evaluated by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. I J Cardiol. 2008;129(2):193-7.
[24]Zimetbaum PJ, Josephson ME. Use of the electrocardiogram in acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(10):933-40.
[25]Pourrazi H, Jafari A, Dabagh Nikoukheslat S. Cardiac biochemical, electrical and functional alterations in a group of untrained males after one bout of maximal isometric exercise. Med J Tabriz Univ Med Sci. 2010;32(1):26-32. [Persian]
[2]Yamamoto K, Miyachi M, Saitoh T, Yoshioka A, Onodera S. Effects of endurance training on resting and post-exercise cardiac autonomic control. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001;33(9):1496-502.
[3]Maron BJ, Zipes DP. Introduction: eligibility recommendations for competitive athletes with cardiovascular abnormalities-general considerations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45(8):1318-20.
[4]Kligfield P, Gettes LS, Bailey JJ, Childers R, Deal BJ, Hancock EW, et al. Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part I: The electrocardiogram and its technology a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49(10):1109-27.
[5]Simonson E. Effect of moderate exercise on the electrocardiogram in healthy young and middle-aged men. J Appl Physiol. 1953;5(10):584-8.
[6]Berka C, Johnson R, Whitmoyer M, Behneman A, Popovic D, Davis G. Biomarkers for effects of fatigue and stress on performance: EEG, P300 and heart rate variability. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting. 2008;52(3):192-6.
[7]Estes NAM, Kloner R, Olshansky B, Virmani R. Task force 9: Drugs and performance-enhancing substances. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45(8):1368-9.
[8]Saki B, Paydar M, Amraei Z. The effect of garlic supplementation on aerobic performance in non-athlete men. Iran J Nutr Sci Food Technol. 2015;10(2):115-20. [Persian]
[9]Cavanagh HM, Wilkinson JM. Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytother Res. 2002;16(4):301-8.
[10]Vakilian K, Karamat A, Mousavi A, Shariati M, Ajami E, Atarha M. The effect of Lavender essence via inhalation method on labor pain. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2012;14(1):34-40. [Persian]
[11]Shamsikhani S, Hekmat pu D, Sajadi Hezave M, Shamsikhani S, Khorsani S, Behzadi F. Effect of aromatherapy with lavender on quality of sleep of nursing students. Complement Med J. 2014;3(4):904-12. [Persian]
[12]Khani M, Vazirian H, Jamshidi AH, Kamalipour A, Kashani L, Akhondzadeh S. Comparison of Lavandula officinalis tincture and imipramine in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized pilot study. J Med Plants. 2002;2(2):1-8. [Persian]
[13]Hajhashemi V, Ghannadi A, Sharif B. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the leaf extracts and essential oil of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003;89(1):67-71.
[14]Ziaee M, Khorrami A, Ebrahimi M, Nourafcan H, Amiraslanzadeh M, Rameshrad M, et al. Cardioprotective effects of essential oil of Lavandula angustifolia on isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction in rat. Iran J Pharm Res. 2015;14(1):279-89.
[15]Dunn C, Sleep J, Collett D. Sensing an improvement: an experimental study to evaluate the use of aromatherapy, massage and periods of rest in an intensive care unit. J Adv Nurs. 1995;21(1):34-40.
[16]Romine IJ, Bush AM, Geist CR. Lavender aromatherapy in recovery from exercise. Percept Motor Skills. 1999;88:756-8.
[17]Nagai M, Wada M, Usui N, Tanaka A, Hasebe Y. Pleasant odors attenuate the blood pressure increase during rhythmic handgrip in humans. Neurosci Lett. 2000;289(3):227-9.
[18]Whyte G, Sharma S. Practical ECG for exercise science and sports medicine. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. 2010.
[19]Mason RE, Likar I. A new system of multiple-lead exercise electrocardiography. Am Heart J. 1966;71(2):196-205.
[20]He J, Kinouchi Y, Yamaguchi H, Miyamoto H. Exercise-induced changes in R wave amplitude and heart rate in normal subjects. J Electrocardiol. 1995;28(2):99-106.
[21]Sieck GC, Prakash YS. Fatigue at the neuromuscular junction. Branch point vs. presynaptic vs. postsynaptic mechanisms. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1995;384:83-100.
[22]Hall JE. Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. 13th edition. Wynnewood, Pennsylvania: Saunders; 2015.
[23]Shiina Y, Funabashi N, Lee K, Toyoda T, Sekine T, Honjo S, et al. Relaxation effects of lavender aromatherapy improve coronary flow velocity reserve in healthy men evaluated by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. I J Cardiol. 2008;129(2):193-7.
[24]Zimetbaum PJ, Josephson ME. Use of the electrocardiogram in acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(10):933-40.
[25]Pourrazi H, Jafari A, Dabagh Nikoukheslat S. Cardiac biochemical, electrical and functional alterations in a group of untrained males after one bout of maximal isometric exercise. Med J Tabriz Univ Med Sci. 2010;32(1):26-32. [Persian]