@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2015;7(4):189-196
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2015;7(4):189-196
Effect of Pre-Marriage Skills Training on Communication- and Problem Solving Skills in Martyr’s- and Veteran’s Daughters
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Khosrojavid M. (1)Aslipoor A. (*)
Firoozshad M. (2)
Hedaiatsafa R. (2)
(*) Psychology Department, Humanities Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
(1) Psychology Department, Literature & Humanities Faculty, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
(2) Psychology Department, Humanities Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Pasdar Street, Daneshgah Boulevard, Imam Khomeini Square, Sari, IranPhone: +981133364291
Fax: +981133294501
adelehaslipoor@gmail.com
Article History
Received: July 23, 2015Accepted: September 29, 2015
ePublished: November 21, 2015
ABSTRACT
Aims
Most of the marital problems are due to lack of any communication or problem-solving skill. Based on the conducted studies, teaching such skills, before marriage, leads to less conflicts and higher marital satisfaction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of teaching the pre-marriage skills on the communication and problem-solving skills in the daughters of the martyrs and veterans of Gilan Province.
Materials & Methods In this semi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group, 18-25 years old daughters of martyrs and veterans of the cities of Gilan Province were studied in 2014. 50 persons (from Rasht) and 30 persons (from Lahidjan) were randomly selected via Multi-step Cluster Method. The persons were randomly divided into two groups including control and experimental. Ten 90-minute pre-marriage skills training sessions were conducted in experimental group (one session per week). Communication Skills Questionnaire and Problem-solving Scale were completed by the groups at the pretest and posttest stages. Data was analyzed using one-variable and multivariate covariance analysis methods.
Findings At the posttest stage, there were increases in the mean scores of the communication skills of experimental group in all the sub-scales including emotion management, understanding other persons, and assertiveness (p<0.001). In the problem-solving scale, the scores of experimental group decreased in distress, avoidance, and controlling subscales, while there were increases in the scores of creativity, trust, and turning subscales (p<0.001).
Conclusion It is very important to teach the communication and problem-solving skills to young persons and especially, the daughters of the martyrs and veterans before marriage to enhance the marriage quality and reduce the conflicts.
Materials & Methods In this semi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group, 18-25 years old daughters of martyrs and veterans of the cities of Gilan Province were studied in 2014. 50 persons (from Rasht) and 30 persons (from Lahidjan) were randomly selected via Multi-step Cluster Method. The persons were randomly divided into two groups including control and experimental. Ten 90-minute pre-marriage skills training sessions were conducted in experimental group (one session per week). Communication Skills Questionnaire and Problem-solving Scale were completed by the groups at the pretest and posttest stages. Data was analyzed using one-variable and multivariate covariance analysis methods.
Findings At the posttest stage, there were increases in the mean scores of the communication skills of experimental group in all the sub-scales including emotion management, understanding other persons, and assertiveness (p<0.001). In the problem-solving scale, the scores of experimental group decreased in distress, avoidance, and controlling subscales, while there were increases in the scores of creativity, trust, and turning subscales (p<0.001).
Conclusion It is very important to teach the communication and problem-solving skills to young persons and especially, the daughters of the martyrs and veterans before marriage to enhance the marriage quality and reduce the conflicts.
CITATION LINKS
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[16]Cassidy T, Long C. Problem-solving style, stress and psychological illness: Development of a multi-factorial measure. Bri J Clin Psychol. 1996;35(Pt 2):265-77.
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[18]Murawski ME, Milsom VA, Ross KM, Rickel KA. Problem solving, treatment adherence and weight-loss outcome among women participating in lifestyle treatment for obesity. Eat Behav. 2009;10(3):146-51.
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[22]Rezaei A, Ghorbanpour A, Karami M. The effect of problem-solving skills training based on bibliotherapy approach in marital satisfaction couples of martyr child. Zanan Khanevade. 2014;9(4):95-111. [Persian]
[23]Barghandan M, Enaiati MS, Mehrabizadeh M. The effectiveness of group problem solving skills training on public health and marital satisfaction. J New Find Psychol. 2010;2(7):95-107. [Persian]
[24]Khamseh A. Premarital education. Tehran: Institute for Women, Al-Zahra University; 2002. [Persian]
[25]Mirmohammad Sadeghi M. Premarital education. Tehran: Welfare Organization; 2006. [Persian]
[26]Sullivan KT, Cobb RJ. Relationship education and marital satisfaction in newlywed couples: A propensity score analysis. J Fam Psychol. 2015;29(5):667-78.
[27]Scott SB, Rhoades GK, Stanley SM, Allen ES, Markman HJ. Reasons for divorce and recollections of premarital intervention: implications for improving relationship education. Couple Fam Psychol. 2013;2(2):131-45.
[28]Omidvar B, Fatehizadeh M, Ahmadi A. The effect of premarital education students in marriage and marital expectations in Shiraz. J Fam Res. 2009;5(18):231-46. [Persian]
[29]Mansourinia A, Etemadi O, Fatehizadeh M, Hasanpour A. The effect of premarital education on marital satisfaction in Isfahan. J New Find Psychol. 2010;6(2):65-78. [Persian]
[30]Hoveilipour S, Shafiabadi A, Soodani M. The effectiveness of premarital training on the expectations and attitudes of married Girls on the verge of marriage in The staff of the national oil company of the South. J New Find Psychol. 2012;7(2):81-93. [Persian]
[31]Gatezadeh AA. The impact of life skills training on mental health of female students. Woman Cult. 2011;3(9):111-9. [Persian]
[32]Sohrabi R, Mohammadi A, Arfaei A. The effectiveness of life skills training on coping styles of adolescent girls. Woman Famil Study. 2012;4(13):45-59. [Persian]
[33]Selimbasic Z, Sinanovic O, Avdibegovic E. P-331- Emotional and behavioral problems in children of war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Euro Psychiatry. 2012;27(Suppl 1):1-10.
[34]Rasoulzadeh B. The amount and sources of stress in families of martyrs and war veterans of Ardabil. Ardabil: Veterans and Martyr Affairs Foundation. 2007. [Persian]
[35]Khodayarifard M, Rahiminejad A, Abedini Y. Factor's affecting students' social adjustment Martyr and non- martyr. J Soc Sci Humanit. 2007;26(3):25-42. [Persian]
[36]Esmaeili M, Tavakoli M, Yaghobian F, Esmaeili L, Mahdavi S. Effectiveness of social skills group training on strengths and behavioral difficulties in daughters of veterans and martyrs families. Knowledge Res Appl Psychol. 2014;15(2):86-95. [Persian]
[37]Hatami M, Kavousian J. The effectiveness of life skills training on adjustment (social, educational, emotional) of martyrs children. J Sch Psychol. 2013;3(2):44-55. [Persian]
[38]Khobani M, Zadeh Mohammadi A, Jarareh J. The effectiveness of Psychodrama training on communication skills and aggression of aggressive daughters. J Appl Psychol. 2014;7(4):27-44. [Persian]
[39]Babapour Kheirodin J. Effective communication skills training on students' problem solving method. J Psychol. 2008;3(10):8-23. [Persian]
[40]Khanifar H, Pourhoseini M. Life skills. Tehran: Hajar; 2013. [Persian]
[41]Heidarpour S, Dokanehei Fadr F, Bahari S. The impact of effective communication skills training to increase self-esteem and reduce their shyness physical-motor Tehran Province. Q New Ideas Educ. 2008;3(4):41-52. [Persian]
[42]Motamedi H, Hajbabaei H, Biglarian A, Fallah M. The impact of problem solving skills training to increase social competence girls. J Soc Res. 2012;5(14):17-29. [Persian]
[43]Dion MR. Healthy marriage programs: Learning what works. Future Child. 2005;15(2):139-56.
[44]Besharat MA. The effect of emotional intelligence on the quality of social relations. Psycholog Stud. 2004;1(2-3):25-38. [Persian]
[45]Yarmohammadian A, Bonakdar Hashemi N, Asgari K. The effect of emotional intelligence and life skills training on marital adjustment among young couples. Knowledge Res Appl Psychol. 2011;12(44):3-12. [Persian]
[46]Schutte NS, Malouff JM, Hall LE, Haggerty DJ, Cooper JT, Golden CJ, et al. Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personal Individ Differ. 1998;25(2):167-77.
[47]Lin Y, Shiah S, Chang YC, Lai T, Wang KY, Chou KR. Evaluation of an assertiveness training program on nursing and medical students' assertiveness, self-esteem, and interpersonal communication satisfaction. Nurs Educ Today. 2004;24(8):656-65.
[48]Mayer JD, Caruso DR, Salovey P. Emotional intelligence: Theory, finding and implications. Psychol Inq. 2004;15(3):197-215.
[2]Rezazadeh SMR. The relationship between communication skills and marital adjustment in students. Contemp Psychol. 2008;3(1):43-50. [Persian]
[3]Bahari F, Fatehizadeh M, Ahmadi A, Molavi H, Bahrami F. The effect of communication skills training on reducing marital conflicts of Couples applicant divorce. Res Clin Psychol Couns. 2012;1(1):59-70. [Persian]
[4]Attari YA, Hoseinpour M, Rahnavard S. Effective communication skills training in a way communications plan to reduce the boredom of married couples in couples. Andisheh Raftar. 2009;4(14):25-34. [Persian]
[5]Suhaimi A, Marzuki N, Mustaffa C. The relationship between emotional intelligence and interpersonal communication skills in disaster management context: A proposed framework. Procedia Soc Behav Sci. 2014;155:110-14.
[6]Hahlweg K, Richter D. Prevention of marital instability and distress. Results of an 11-year longitudinal follow-up study. Behav Res Ther. 2010;48(5):377-83.
[7]Claramita M, Tuah R, Riskione P. Comparison of communication skills between trained and untrained students using a culturally sensitive nurse–client communication guideline in Indonesia. Nurse Education Today. 2016;36:236-41.
[8]Hardcastle S, Tye M, Glassey R, Hagger M. Exploring the perceived effectiveness of a life skills development program for high-performance athletes. Psychol Sport Exerc.2015;16(part 13):139-49.
[9]Jegannathan B, Dahlblom K, Kullgren G. Outcome of a school-based intervention to promote life-skills among young people in Cambodia. Asian J Psychiatry. 2014;9:78-84.
[10]Khajeddin N, Riahi F, Izadi S. The relationship between communication skills and marital satisfaction in married students' of psychology and counseling. Jentashapir. 2011;2(2):55-61. [Persian]
[11]Gholamzadeh M, Attari YA, Shafiabadi A. Effective communication skills training on emotional support and communication couples. Andisheh Raftar. 2009;3(11):35-44. [Persian]
[12]Ahmadkhani H, Hiudi B, Pourmohammadreza Tajrishi M. The effect of communication skills training on adjustment of Mothers of children with mental retardation. Noandishe Sabz. 2015;34(2-3):38-43. [Persian]
[13]Rasoli Y, Falahat E. The effect of active method of problem solving on marital conflicts in Yasuj, Iran. Armaghane Danesh. 2014;18(10):859-68. [Persian]
[14]O' Mahen H, Boyd A, Gashe C. Rumination decreases parental problem-solving effectiveness in Dysphonic postnatal mothers. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatary. 2015;47:18-24.
[15]Mousavizadeh A, Sohrabi F, Ahadi. Compare the effectiveness of self-expression training and problem solving skills on women's marital satisfaction. Soc Psychol Stud Women. 2012;10(2):85-108. [Persian]
[16]Cassidy T, Long C. Problem-solving style, stress and psychological illness: Development of a multi-factorial measure. Bri J Clin Psychol. 1996;35(Pt 2):265-77.
[17]Reich CM, Blackwell N, Simmons CA, Beck JG. Disorders social problem solving strategies and posttraumatic stress disorder in the aftermath of intimate partner violence. J Anxiety Disord. 2015;32:31-7.
[18]Murawski ME, Milsom VA, Ross KM, Rickel KA. Problem solving, treatment adherence and weight-loss outcome among women participating in lifestyle treatment for obesity. Eat Behav. 2009;10(3):146-51.
[19]Malouff JM, Thorsteinsson EB, Schutte NS. The efficacy of problem solving therapy in reducing mental and physical health problems: A meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2007;27:46-57.
[20]Gerkensmeyer JE, Johnson CS, Scott EL, Oruche UM, Lindsey LM, Austin JK, et al. Problem-solving intervention for caregivers of children with mental health problems. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2013;27(3):112-20.
[21]Goleman D. Emotional iIntelligence: Issues in paradigm building. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000.
[22]Rezaei A, Ghorbanpour A, Karami M. The effect of problem-solving skills training based on bibliotherapy approach in marital satisfaction couples of martyr child. Zanan Khanevade. 2014;9(4):95-111. [Persian]
[23]Barghandan M, Enaiati MS, Mehrabizadeh M. The effectiveness of group problem solving skills training on public health and marital satisfaction. J New Find Psychol. 2010;2(7):95-107. [Persian]
[24]Khamseh A. Premarital education. Tehran: Institute for Women, Al-Zahra University; 2002. [Persian]
[25]Mirmohammad Sadeghi M. Premarital education. Tehran: Welfare Organization; 2006. [Persian]
[26]Sullivan KT, Cobb RJ. Relationship education and marital satisfaction in newlywed couples: A propensity score analysis. J Fam Psychol. 2015;29(5):667-78.
[27]Scott SB, Rhoades GK, Stanley SM, Allen ES, Markman HJ. Reasons for divorce and recollections of premarital intervention: implications for improving relationship education. Couple Fam Psychol. 2013;2(2):131-45.
[28]Omidvar B, Fatehizadeh M, Ahmadi A. The effect of premarital education students in marriage and marital expectations in Shiraz. J Fam Res. 2009;5(18):231-46. [Persian]
[29]Mansourinia A, Etemadi O, Fatehizadeh M, Hasanpour A. The effect of premarital education on marital satisfaction in Isfahan. J New Find Psychol. 2010;6(2):65-78. [Persian]
[30]Hoveilipour S, Shafiabadi A, Soodani M. The effectiveness of premarital training on the expectations and attitudes of married Girls on the verge of marriage in The staff of the national oil company of the South. J New Find Psychol. 2012;7(2):81-93. [Persian]
[31]Gatezadeh AA. The impact of life skills training on mental health of female students. Woman Cult. 2011;3(9):111-9. [Persian]
[32]Sohrabi R, Mohammadi A, Arfaei A. The effectiveness of life skills training on coping styles of adolescent girls. Woman Famil Study. 2012;4(13):45-59. [Persian]
[33]Selimbasic Z, Sinanovic O, Avdibegovic E. P-331- Emotional and behavioral problems in children of war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Euro Psychiatry. 2012;27(Suppl 1):1-10.
[34]Rasoulzadeh B. The amount and sources of stress in families of martyrs and war veterans of Ardabil. Ardabil: Veterans and Martyr Affairs Foundation. 2007. [Persian]
[35]Khodayarifard M, Rahiminejad A, Abedini Y. Factor's affecting students' social adjustment Martyr and non- martyr. J Soc Sci Humanit. 2007;26(3):25-42. [Persian]
[36]Esmaeili M, Tavakoli M, Yaghobian F, Esmaeili L, Mahdavi S. Effectiveness of social skills group training on strengths and behavioral difficulties in daughters of veterans and martyrs families. Knowledge Res Appl Psychol. 2014;15(2):86-95. [Persian]
[37]Hatami M, Kavousian J. The effectiveness of life skills training on adjustment (social, educational, emotional) of martyrs children. J Sch Psychol. 2013;3(2):44-55. [Persian]
[38]Khobani M, Zadeh Mohammadi A, Jarareh J. The effectiveness of Psychodrama training on communication skills and aggression of aggressive daughters. J Appl Psychol. 2014;7(4):27-44. [Persian]
[39]Babapour Kheirodin J. Effective communication skills training on students' problem solving method. J Psychol. 2008;3(10):8-23. [Persian]
[40]Khanifar H, Pourhoseini M. Life skills. Tehran: Hajar; 2013. [Persian]
[41]Heidarpour S, Dokanehei Fadr F, Bahari S. The impact of effective communication skills training to increase self-esteem and reduce their shyness physical-motor Tehran Province. Q New Ideas Educ. 2008;3(4):41-52. [Persian]
[42]Motamedi H, Hajbabaei H, Biglarian A, Fallah M. The impact of problem solving skills training to increase social competence girls. J Soc Res. 2012;5(14):17-29. [Persian]
[43]Dion MR. Healthy marriage programs: Learning what works. Future Child. 2005;15(2):139-56.
[44]Besharat MA. The effect of emotional intelligence on the quality of social relations. Psycholog Stud. 2004;1(2-3):25-38. [Persian]
[45]Yarmohammadian A, Bonakdar Hashemi N, Asgari K. The effect of emotional intelligence and life skills training on marital adjustment among young couples. Knowledge Res Appl Psychol. 2011;12(44):3-12. [Persian]
[46]Schutte NS, Malouff JM, Hall LE, Haggerty DJ, Cooper JT, Golden CJ, et al. Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personal Individ Differ. 1998;25(2):167-77.
[47]Lin Y, Shiah S, Chang YC, Lai T, Wang KY, Chou KR. Evaluation of an assertiveness training program on nursing and medical students' assertiveness, self-esteem, and interpersonal communication satisfaction. Nurs Educ Today. 2004;24(8):656-65.
[48]Mayer JD, Caruso DR, Salovey P. Emotional intelligence: Theory, finding and implications. Psychol Inq. 2004;15(3):197-215.