@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2016;22(1):71-75
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2016;22(1):71-75
Effect of Lavender Hydro Alcoholic Extract on Liver’s Enzymes and Histology in Small Laboratory Mice
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Modaresi M. (*)Arefian S. (1)
(*) Physiology Department, Agriculture Faculty, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
(1) Biology Department, Science Faculty, Taft Branch, Payam-e-Noor University, Taft, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Physiology Department, Agriculture Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Arghavanieh, Jey Street, Isfahan, IranPhone: +983135354001
Fax: +983135354060
mehrdad_modaresi@hotmail.com
Article History
Received: January 17, 2015Accepted: November 30, 2015
ePublished: December 15, 2015
ABSTRACT
Aims
In traditional medicine, lavender is known as one of the effective herbal drugs on liver function, but so far, side effects of the lavender flower extract on liver biochemistry have not been studied. The aim of this study was to find the effect of lavender hydro-alcoholic extract on liver’s tissue and enzymes.
Materials & Methods In this experimental study, 50 mature female small mice were divided into 5 groups (each 10); control, placebo and 3 experimental groups. Placebo group received normal saline and treatment groups received the hydro-alcoholic extract of lavender in 50, 100, 200mg/kg doses 10 times every other day, interperitoneally. The levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP) were measured and liver tissue was studied after 20 days. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software and variance test.
Findings ALT enzyme was increased significantly in 200mg/kg group comparing with the control group (p<0.05). The level of AST enzyme was decreased significantly in 100- and 200mg/kg groups and the ALP amount was decreased significantly in 200mg/kg group in proportion to control group (p<0.05). In histological studies, liver tissue of 50- and 100mg/kg did not show significant pathological changes but obvious pathological changes (necrotic tissue) was observed in liver tissue of 200mg/kg group.
Conclusion The hydro-alcoholic lavender extract causes reduction of AST and ALP enzymes in 100- and 200mg/kg doses, but the 200mg/kg dose results in severe liver tissue necrosis.
Materials & Methods In this experimental study, 50 mature female small mice were divided into 5 groups (each 10); control, placebo and 3 experimental groups. Placebo group received normal saline and treatment groups received the hydro-alcoholic extract of lavender in 50, 100, 200mg/kg doses 10 times every other day, interperitoneally. The levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP) were measured and liver tissue was studied after 20 days. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software and variance test.
Findings ALT enzyme was increased significantly in 200mg/kg group comparing with the control group (p<0.05). The level of AST enzyme was decreased significantly in 100- and 200mg/kg groups and the ALP amount was decreased significantly in 200mg/kg group in proportion to control group (p<0.05). In histological studies, liver tissue of 50- and 100mg/kg did not show significant pathological changes but obvious pathological changes (necrotic tissue) was observed in liver tissue of 200mg/kg group.
Conclusion The hydro-alcoholic lavender extract causes reduction of AST and ALP enzymes in 100- and 200mg/kg doses, but the 200mg/kg dose results in severe liver tissue necrosis.
CITATION LINKS
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[2]Modaresi M, Messripour M, Asadi Marghmaleki M, Hamadanian MK. Effect of saffron (crocus sativus) extract on level of FSH, LH and testosterone in mice. J Zanjan Univ Med Sci. 2008;16(63):11-8. [Persian]
[3]Modaresi M, Pouriyanzadeh A. Effect of ocimum basilicum hydro alcoholic extract against pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in mice. Armaghan-e-Danesh. 2013;18(8):615-21. [Persian]
[4]Sarker SD, Nahar L. Natural medicine: the genus Angelica. Curr Med Chem. 2004;11(11)1479-500.
[5]Rezania A, Sharifi G, Modaresi M. The effects of creatine and glutamine supplements along with resistance training on AST level in female mice. J Chem Pharm Res. 2015;7(11):361-5.
[6]Balchin M. Lavender: The Genus Lavandula. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; 2003.
[7]Salamati A, Mashouf S, Sahbaei F, Mojab F. Effects of inhalation of lavender essential oil on open-heart surgery pain. Iran J Pharm Res. 2014;13(4):1257-61.
[8]Chien LW, Cheng SL, Liu CF. The effect of lavender aromatherapy on autonomic nervous system in midlife women with insomnia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:740-813.
[9]Lee IS, Lee GJ. Effects of lavender aromatherapy on insomnia anddepression in women college students. Taehan Kanho HakhoeChi. 2006;36(1):136-43.
[10]Modaresi M. Effect of Angelica archangelica root hydro-alcoholic extract on the blood cells of small laboratory mice. Horizon Med Sci. 2013;18(4):149-53. [Persian]
[11]Modaresi M, Naderi B. Effect of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) extracts on the electrophoretic pattern of blood proteins in mice. Horizon Med Sci. 2014;19(4):206-11. [Persian]
[12]Osawa T, Kato Y. Protective role of antioxidative food factors in oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1043:440-51.
[13]Field T, Field T, Cullen C, Largie S, Diego M, Schanberg S, et al. Lavender bath oil reduces stress and crying and enhances sleep in very young infants. Early Hum Dev. 2008;84(6):39940.
[14]Cohen-Naftaly M, Friedman SL. Current status of novel antifibrotic therapies in patients with chronic liver disease. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2011;4(6):391-417.
[15]Maliakal PP, Wanwimolruk S. Effect of herbal teas on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2001;53(10):1323-9.
[16]Shiina Y, Funabashi N, Lee K, Toyoda T, Sekine T, Honjo S, et al. Relaxation effects of lavender aromatherapy improve coronary flow velocity reserve in healthy men evaluated by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Int J Cardiol. 2008;129(2):193-7.
[17]Nakamura A, Fujiwara S, Matsumoto I, Abe K. Stress repression in restrained rats by (R)-(−)-linalool inhalation and gene expression profiling of their whole blood cells. J Monagric Food Chem. 2009;57(12):5480-5.
[18]Peana AT, D'Aquila PS, Panin F, Serra G, Pippia P, Moretti MD. Anti-inflammatory activity of linalool and linalyl acetate constituents of essential oils. Phytomedicine. 2002;9(8):721-6.
[19]Carnesecchi S, Bras-Gonçalves R, Bradaia A, Zeisel M, Gossé F, Poupon MF, et al. Geraniol, a component of plant essential oils, modulates DNA synthesis and potentiates 5-fluorouracil efficacy on human colon tumor xenografts. Cancer Lett. 2004;215(1):53-9.
[20]Fismer KL, Pilkington K. Lavender and sleep: A systematic reviewof the evidence. Eur J Integr Med. 2012;4(4):e436-47.
[21]Petti C, Vegetti C, Molla A, Bersani I, Cleris L, Mustard KJ, et al. AMPK activators inhibit the proliferation of human melanomas bearing the activated MAPK pathway. Melanoma Res. 2012;22(5):341-50.
[2]Modaresi M, Messripour M, Asadi Marghmaleki M, Hamadanian MK. Effect of saffron (crocus sativus) extract on level of FSH, LH and testosterone in mice. J Zanjan Univ Med Sci. 2008;16(63):11-8. [Persian]
[3]Modaresi M, Pouriyanzadeh A. Effect of ocimum basilicum hydro alcoholic extract against pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in mice. Armaghan-e-Danesh. 2013;18(8):615-21. [Persian]
[4]Sarker SD, Nahar L. Natural medicine: the genus Angelica. Curr Med Chem. 2004;11(11)1479-500.
[5]Rezania A, Sharifi G, Modaresi M. The effects of creatine and glutamine supplements along with resistance training on AST level in female mice. J Chem Pharm Res. 2015;7(11):361-5.
[6]Balchin M. Lavender: The Genus Lavandula. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; 2003.
[7]Salamati A, Mashouf S, Sahbaei F, Mojab F. Effects of inhalation of lavender essential oil on open-heart surgery pain. Iran J Pharm Res. 2014;13(4):1257-61.
[8]Chien LW, Cheng SL, Liu CF. The effect of lavender aromatherapy on autonomic nervous system in midlife women with insomnia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:740-813.
[9]Lee IS, Lee GJ. Effects of lavender aromatherapy on insomnia anddepression in women college students. Taehan Kanho HakhoeChi. 2006;36(1):136-43.
[10]Modaresi M. Effect of Angelica archangelica root hydro-alcoholic extract on the blood cells of small laboratory mice. Horizon Med Sci. 2013;18(4):149-53. [Persian]
[11]Modaresi M, Naderi B. Effect of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) extracts on the electrophoretic pattern of blood proteins in mice. Horizon Med Sci. 2014;19(4):206-11. [Persian]
[12]Osawa T, Kato Y. Protective role of antioxidative food factors in oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005;1043:440-51.
[13]Field T, Field T, Cullen C, Largie S, Diego M, Schanberg S, et al. Lavender bath oil reduces stress and crying and enhances sleep in very young infants. Early Hum Dev. 2008;84(6):39940.
[14]Cohen-Naftaly M, Friedman SL. Current status of novel antifibrotic therapies in patients with chronic liver disease. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2011;4(6):391-417.
[15]Maliakal PP, Wanwimolruk S. Effect of herbal teas on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2001;53(10):1323-9.
[16]Shiina Y, Funabashi N, Lee K, Toyoda T, Sekine T, Honjo S, et al. Relaxation effects of lavender aromatherapy improve coronary flow velocity reserve in healthy men evaluated by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Int J Cardiol. 2008;129(2):193-7.
[17]Nakamura A, Fujiwara S, Matsumoto I, Abe K. Stress repression in restrained rats by (R)-(−)-linalool inhalation and gene expression profiling of their whole blood cells. J Monagric Food Chem. 2009;57(12):5480-5.
[18]Peana AT, D'Aquila PS, Panin F, Serra G, Pippia P, Moretti MD. Anti-inflammatory activity of linalool and linalyl acetate constituents of essential oils. Phytomedicine. 2002;9(8):721-6.
[19]Carnesecchi S, Bras-Gonçalves R, Bradaia A, Zeisel M, Gossé F, Poupon MF, et al. Geraniol, a component of plant essential oils, modulates DNA synthesis and potentiates 5-fluorouracil efficacy on human colon tumor xenografts. Cancer Lett. 2004;215(1):53-9.
[20]Fismer KL, Pilkington K. Lavender and sleep: A systematic reviewof the evidence. Eur J Integr Med. 2012;4(4):e436-47.
[21]Petti C, Vegetti C, Molla A, Bersani I, Cleris L, Mustard KJ, et al. AMPK activators inhibit the proliferation of human melanomas bearing the activated MAPK pathway. Melanoma Res. 2012;22(5):341-50.