@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2251-8215 Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2017;1(1):3-8
ISSN: 2251-8215 Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2017;1(1):3-8
Physical Structure Study of Bone Marrow Regarding Fractal Model and Diffusion Limited Growth Phenomenon
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Salehian P. (*)Mohaghegh A. (1)
Khosravi M. (1)
(*) Sarem Cell Research Center (SCRC), Sarem Women’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran
(1) Medicine Department, Medicine Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Article History
Received: August 28, 2015Accepted: January 9, 2016
ePublished: February 15, 2017
ABSTRACT
Aims
The normal architecture of bone marrow apparently is simple; however, there is an important feature that immature elements of bone marrow are never seen in peripheral blood of normal subjects and we can find these elements only in special conditions such as metastasis or leukemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the physical structure of bone marrow regarding fractal model and diffusion limited growth phenomenon.
Materials & Methods The archived slides of bone marrow biopsies (n=31) were obtained from pathology lab of Rassoul Akram hospital and were studied by Image cytometric method using Image-Pro Plus software. In this method, total surface of cells (Sc), the surface of cell nuclei (Sn) and the number of bone marrow cells (Nn) were computed and the fractal indices were calculated by N=KrDf formula.
Findings Fractal indices Sc, Sn and Nn were found as Df Sc=1.72±0.16, Df Sn=1.65±0.16 and Df Nn=1.7±0.13.
Conclusion In normal conditions, the fractal indices are about 1.7 at two- and three-dimensional levels. This study, which was performed for the first time in Iran, shows that the structure of the bone marrow is fractal.
Materials & Methods The archived slides of bone marrow biopsies (n=31) were obtained from pathology lab of Rassoul Akram hospital and were studied by Image cytometric method using Image-Pro Plus software. In this method, total surface of cells (Sc), the surface of cell nuclei (Sn) and the number of bone marrow cells (Nn) were computed and the fractal indices were calculated by N=KrDf formula.
Findings Fractal indices Sc, Sn and Nn were found as Df Sc=1.72±0.16, Df Sn=1.65±0.16 and Df Nn=1.7±0.13.
Conclusion In normal conditions, the fractal indices are about 1.7 at two- and three-dimensional levels. This study, which was performed for the first time in Iran, shows that the structure of the bone marrow is fractal.
CITATION LINKS
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[9]Guilluad M, Doudkine A, Garner D, MacAulay C, Palcic B. Malignancy associated changes in Cervical Smears: Systematic changes in cytometric features with the grade of dysplasia. Anal Cell Pathol. 1995;9(3):191-204.
[10]Naeim F, Moatamed F, Sahimi M. Morphogenesis of the bone marrow: Fractal structures and diffusion limited growth. Blood. 1996;87(12):5027-31.
[11]Kaushansky K, Karplus PA. Hematopoietic growth factors: Understanding functional diversity and structural terms. Blood. 1993;82(11):3229-40.
[12]Anderson WAD, Kissane JM. Anderson’s pathology. St Louis: mosby. 1990. p.1379, 1990.
[13]Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Robbins & Cotran pathologic basis of disease. Amsterdam: Elsevier Health Sciences. 2014. p.728- 729.
[14]Naeim F, Moatamed F, Sahimi M. Morphogenesis of the bone marrow: Fractal structures and diffusion limited growth. Blood. 1996;87(12):5027-31.
[15]Moatamed F, Sahimi M, Naemi F. Fractal dimension of the bone marrow in metastatic lesions. Hum Pathol. 1998;29(11):1299-303.
[16]Ergun S, Saracoglu A, Gunen P, Ozpinar B. Application of Fractal analysis in hyperparathyroidism. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2009;38(5):281-8.
[2]Peitgen HO, Saupe D, Barnsley MF. The science of fractal images. Berlin: Springerverlag; 1988.
[3]Peitgen HO, Richter PH. The beauty of fractals. Berlin: Springerverlag; 1986.
[4]DewdneyAK.Computer recreations: Leaping into Lyapunov space. Sci Am. 1995; 265(3):178-81.
[5]Matsuo T, Okeda R, Takahashi M, Funtata M. Characterization of bifurcating structure of blood vessels using fractal dimension. Forma. 1990;5(1):19-27.
[6]Caserta F, Stanley HE, Eldred WD, Daccord G, Hausman RE, Nittman J. Physical mechanisms underlying neurite outgrowth: A quantitative analysis of neuronal shape. Phys Rev Lett. 1990;64(1):95-98.
[7]Cross SS. Fractal and integer-dimensional geometric analysis of pigmented skin lesions. Am J Dermatopathol. 1995;17(4):374-8.
[8]Kido S, Ikezoe J, Naito H, Tamura S, Machi S. Fractal analysis of interstitial lung abnormalities in chest radiography. Radiographics. 1995;15(6):1457-64.
[9]Guilluad M, Doudkine A, Garner D, MacAulay C, Palcic B. Malignancy associated changes in Cervical Smears: Systematic changes in cytometric features with the grade of dysplasia. Anal Cell Pathol. 1995;9(3):191-204.
[10]Naeim F, Moatamed F, Sahimi M. Morphogenesis of the bone marrow: Fractal structures and diffusion limited growth. Blood. 1996;87(12):5027-31.
[11]Kaushansky K, Karplus PA. Hematopoietic growth factors: Understanding functional diversity and structural terms. Blood. 1993;82(11):3229-40.
[12]Anderson WAD, Kissane JM. Anderson’s pathology. St Louis: mosby. 1990. p.1379, 1990.
[13]Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Robbins & Cotran pathologic basis of disease. Amsterdam: Elsevier Health Sciences. 2014. p.728- 729.
[14]Naeim F, Moatamed F, Sahimi M. Morphogenesis of the bone marrow: Fractal structures and diffusion limited growth. Blood. 1996;87(12):5027-31.
[15]Moatamed F, Sahimi M, Naemi F. Fractal dimension of the bone marrow in metastatic lesions. Hum Pathol. 1998;29(11):1299-303.
[16]Ergun S, Saracoglu A, Gunen P, Ozpinar B. Application of Fractal analysis in hyperparathyroidism. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2009;38(5):281-8.