@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2020;7(1):5-12
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2020;7(1):5-12
Demographic Factors Affecting Sexual Dysfunction in Postmenopausal Women
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Masoumi S.Z. (1)Alavipour N. (*2)
Parsa P. (3)
Kazemi F. (1)
(*2) Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan, Iran
(1) “Research Center for Child and Maternity Care” and “Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery”, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(1) “Research Center for Child and Maternity Care” and “Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery”, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(3) “Research Center for Chronic Diseases Care” and “Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery”,, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Correspondence
Article History
Received: June 8, 2019Accepted: September 18, 2019
ePublished: March 18, 2020
ABSTRACT
Aims
Sexual dysfunction is the common problem in menopause, which can be affected by demographic factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic factors affecting sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women.
Materials & Methods This cross sectional descriptive-analytic study was performed on 315 postmenopausal women referred to health care centers in Hamadan in 2018 who were selected by purposive sampling method. The research tools were demographic questionnaire and the female sexual function index (FSFI). To investigate the relationship between different factors and sexual function, univariate and multivariate linear regression were used.
Findings The mean age of participants was 54.15±4.24 years old. The mean score of sexual function was 18.92±4.25, which indicates an undesirable sexual function in postmenopausal women. By increasing the frequency of spouse's marriage, the sexual function score decreased by 2.45 scores (p=0.006). Also, the sexual function score in those who did not have a marriage satisfaction was 5.58 scores less than those who were satisfied with their marital status (p<0.001).
Conclusion The sexual function in studied postmenopausal women is undesirable and they have abnormalities in all areas except sexual pain. There are also relationship between the frequency of spouse's marriage and the satisfaction of marriage with sexual function in postmenopausal women.
Materials & Methods This cross sectional descriptive-analytic study was performed on 315 postmenopausal women referred to health care centers in Hamadan in 2018 who were selected by purposive sampling method. The research tools were demographic questionnaire and the female sexual function index (FSFI). To investigate the relationship between different factors and sexual function, univariate and multivariate linear regression were used.
Findings The mean age of participants was 54.15±4.24 years old. The mean score of sexual function was 18.92±4.25, which indicates an undesirable sexual function in postmenopausal women. By increasing the frequency of spouse's marriage, the sexual function score decreased by 2.45 scores (p=0.006). Also, the sexual function score in those who did not have a marriage satisfaction was 5.58 scores less than those who were satisfied with their marital status (p<0.001).
Conclusion The sexual function in studied postmenopausal women is undesirable and they have abnormalities in all areas except sexual pain. There are also relationship between the frequency of spouse's marriage and the satisfaction of marriage with sexual function in postmenopausal women.
CITATION LINKS
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[20]Yazdanpanahi Z, Nikkholgh M, Akbarzadeh M, Pourahmad S. Stress, anxiety, depression, and sexual dysfunction among postmenopausal women in Shiraz, Iran, 2015. J Family Community Med. 2018;25(2):82-7.
[21] Nazarpour S, Simbar M, Tehrani FR. Factors affecting sexual function in menopause: a review article. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;55(4):480-7.
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[26] Bonomi AE, Patrick DL, Bushnell DM, Martin M. Validation of the United States' version of the World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQOL) instrument. J Clin Epidemiol. 2000;53(1):1-12.
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[28]Addis IB, Van Den Eeden SK, Wassel-Fyr CL, Vittinghoff E, Brown JS, Thom DH, et al. Sexual activity and function in middle-aged and older women. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107(4):755-64.
[29]Mohammadi K, Heidari M, Faghihzadeh S. The female sexual function index (FSFI): validation of the Iranian version. Payesh. 2008;7(2):269-78. [Persian]
[30]Bakouei F, Omidvar S, Nasiri F. Prevalence of female sexual dysfunction in married women and its related factors (Babol 2006). J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2007;9(4):59-64. [Persian]
[31]Ramezani Tehrani F, Farahmand M, Mehrabi Y, Malek-afzali H, Abedini M. Prevalence of female sexual dysfunction and its correlated factors: a population based study. Payesh. 2012;11(6):869-75. [Persian]
[32] Babakhani N, Taravati M, Masoumi Z, Garousian M, Faradmal J, Shayan A. The effect of cognitive-behavioral consultation on sexual function among women: a randomized clinical trial. J Caring Sci. 2018;7(2):83-8.
[33] Ghavam M, Tasbihsazan R. Prevalence and diversity of sexual disorders among male and female patients referred to family healthcare clinic, Tehran, Iran. Stud Med Sci. 2008;18(4):634-9. [Persian]
[34] Laumann EO, Paik A, Rosen RC. Sexual dysfunction in the United States: prevalence and predictors. JAMA. 1999;281(6):537-44.
[35] Verit FF, Verit A, Billurcu N. Low sexual function and its associated risk factors in pre- and postmenopausal women without clinically significant depression. Maturitas. 2009;64(1):38-42.
[36] Rosen R, Brown C, Heiman J, Leiblum S, Meston C, Shabsigh R, et al. The female sexual function index (FSFI): a multidimensional self-report instrument for the assessment of female sexual function. J Sex Marital Ther. 2000;26(2):191-208.
[37] Beutel ME, Schumacher J, Weidner W, Brähler E. Sexual activity, sexual and partnership satisfaction in ageing men--results from a German representative community study. Andrologia. 2002;34(1):22-8.
[38]Beigi M, Fahami F, Hassanzahraei R, Arman S. Associative factors to sexual dysfunction in menopause women. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2008;13(1):32-5.
[39]Danaci AE, Oruç S, Adigüzel H, Yildirim Y, Aydemir O. Relationship of sexuality with psychological and hormonal features in the menopausal period. West Indian Med J. 2003;52(1):27-30.
[40]Kingsberg SA. The impact of aging on sexual function in women and their partners. Arch Sex Behav. 2002;31(5):431-7.
[41]Hashemi S, Ramezani Tehrani F, Simbar M, Abedini M, Bahreinian H, Gholami R. Evaluation of sexual attitude and sexual function in menopausal age; a population based cross-sectional study. Iran J Reprod Med. 2013;11(8):631-6.
[2] Fairclough DL. Design and analysis of quality of life studies in clinical trials. 2nd Edition. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2010.
[3] Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). 5th Edition. Washington DC:American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
[4]Mehrabi F, Dadfar M. The role of psychological factors in sexual functional disorders. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol. 2003;9(1):4-11. [Persian]
[5]Lamont J, Bajzak K, Bouchard C, Burnett M, Byers S, Cohen T, et al. Female sexual health consensus clinical guidelines. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2012;34(8):769-75.
[6] Cramer DW, Barbieri RL, Xu H, Reichardt JK. Determinants of basal follicle-stimulating hormone levels in premenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994;79(4):1105-9.
[7] World Health Organization. Gender and reproductive rights. [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002 [cited 2018 Oct 17]. Available from: https://bit.ly/2SzPnXk.
[8] Yoshani N, Bahri N, Morovati Sharifabad MA, Mihanpour H, Delshad Noghabi A. Effects of training the menopausal health on knowledge and performance of husbands with women during transitional period to menopause. J Health. 2018;9(1):27-35. [Persian]
[9] Ghorbani M, Azhari S, Esmaili H, Ghanbari B. The relationship between life style with vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women referred to women’s training health centers in Mashhad in 2011. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2013;15(39):23-30. [Persian]
[10] Monshipour SM, Mokhtari Lakeh N, Rafat F, Kazemnejad Leili E. Related factors to menopausal women’s quality of life in Rasht. J Holist Nurs Midwifery. 2016;25(79):80-8. [Persian]
[11]Speroff L, Fritz MA. Clinical gynecologic endocrinology and infertility. 7th Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & wilkins; 2005.
[12]Azadi T, Arghavani H, Karezani P, Sayehmiri K. Estimation of mean age of menopause in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Ilam Univ Med Sci. 2018;26(4):85-93. [Persian]
[13]Elavsky S, McAuley E. Personality, menopausal symptoms, and physical activity outcomes in middle-aged women. Pers Individ Dif. 2009;46(2):123-8.
[14] Basson R, Berman J, Burnett A, Derogatis L, Ferguson D, Fourcroy J, et al. Report of the international consensus development conference on female sexual dysfunction: definitions and classifications. J Urol. 2000;163(3):888-93.
[15]Giraldi A, Marson L, Nappi R, Pfaus J, Traish AM, Vardi Y, et al. Physiology of female sexual function: animal models. J Sex Med. 2004;1(3):237-53.
[16] Graziottin A, Leiblum SR. Biological and psychosocial pathophysiology of female sexual dysfunction during the menopausal transition. J Sex Med. 2005;2(Suppl 3):133-45.
[17] Davison SL, Davis SR. Androgenic hormones and aging-the link with female sexual function. Horm Behav. 2011;59(5):745-53.
[18]Ambler DR, Bieber EJ, Diamond MP. Sexual function in elderly women: a review of current literature. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2012;5(1):16-27.
[19] Robinson D, Toozs-Hobson P, Cardozo L. The effect of hormones on the lower urinary tract. Menopause Int. 2013;19(4):155-62.
[20]Yazdanpanahi Z, Nikkholgh M, Akbarzadeh M, Pourahmad S. Stress, anxiety, depression, and sexual dysfunction among postmenopausal women in Shiraz, Iran, 2015. J Family Community Med. 2018;25(2):82-7.
[21] Nazarpour S, Simbar M, Tehrani FR. Factors affecting sexual function in menopause: a review article. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;55(4):480-7.
[22]Camacho ME, Reyes-Ortiz CA. Sexual dysfunction in the elderly: age or disease? Int J Impot Res. 2005;17(Suppl 1):S52-6.
[23]Rantell A, Srikrishna S, Robinson D. Assessment of the impact of urogenital prolapse on sexual dysfunction. Maturitas. 2016;92:56-60.
[24]Fayers PM, Machin D. Quality of life: the assessment, analysis and interpretation of patient-reported outcomes. 2nd Edition. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 2013.
[25]Afghari A, Ganji J, Ahmad Shirvani M. Psycho-emotional changes in menopause: a qualitative study. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2012;22(93):27-38. [Persian]
[26] Bonomi AE, Patrick DL, Bushnell DM, Martin M. Validation of the United States' version of the World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQOL) instrument. J Clin Epidemiol. 2000;53(1):1-12.
[27] Mazinani R, Akbari Mehr M, Kaskian A, Kashanian M. Evaluation of prevalence of sexual dysfunctions and its related factors in women. Razi J Med Sci. 2013;19(105):59-66. [Persian]
[28]Addis IB, Van Den Eeden SK, Wassel-Fyr CL, Vittinghoff E, Brown JS, Thom DH, et al. Sexual activity and function in middle-aged and older women. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107(4):755-64.
[29]Mohammadi K, Heidari M, Faghihzadeh S. The female sexual function index (FSFI): validation of the Iranian version. Payesh. 2008;7(2):269-78. [Persian]
[30]Bakouei F, Omidvar S, Nasiri F. Prevalence of female sexual dysfunction in married women and its related factors (Babol 2006). J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2007;9(4):59-64. [Persian]
[31]Ramezani Tehrani F, Farahmand M, Mehrabi Y, Malek-afzali H, Abedini M. Prevalence of female sexual dysfunction and its correlated factors: a population based study. Payesh. 2012;11(6):869-75. [Persian]
[32] Babakhani N, Taravati M, Masoumi Z, Garousian M, Faradmal J, Shayan A. The effect of cognitive-behavioral consultation on sexual function among women: a randomized clinical trial. J Caring Sci. 2018;7(2):83-8.
[33] Ghavam M, Tasbihsazan R. Prevalence and diversity of sexual disorders among male and female patients referred to family healthcare clinic, Tehran, Iran. Stud Med Sci. 2008;18(4):634-9. [Persian]
[34] Laumann EO, Paik A, Rosen RC. Sexual dysfunction in the United States: prevalence and predictors. JAMA. 1999;281(6):537-44.
[35] Verit FF, Verit A, Billurcu N. Low sexual function and its associated risk factors in pre- and postmenopausal women without clinically significant depression. Maturitas. 2009;64(1):38-42.
[36] Rosen R, Brown C, Heiman J, Leiblum S, Meston C, Shabsigh R, et al. The female sexual function index (FSFI): a multidimensional self-report instrument for the assessment of female sexual function. J Sex Marital Ther. 2000;26(2):191-208.
[37] Beutel ME, Schumacher J, Weidner W, Brähler E. Sexual activity, sexual and partnership satisfaction in ageing men--results from a German representative community study. Andrologia. 2002;34(1):22-8.
[38]Beigi M, Fahami F, Hassanzahraei R, Arman S. Associative factors to sexual dysfunction in menopause women. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2008;13(1):32-5.
[39]Danaci AE, Oruç S, Adigüzel H, Yildirim Y, Aydemir O. Relationship of sexuality with psychological and hormonal features in the menopausal period. West Indian Med J. 2003;52(1):27-30.
[40]Kingsberg SA. The impact of aging on sexual function in women and their partners. Arch Sex Behav. 2002;31(5):431-7.
[41]Hashemi S, Ramezani Tehrani F, Simbar M, Abedini M, Bahreinian H, Gholami R. Evaluation of sexual attitude and sexual function in menopausal age; a population based cross-sectional study. Iran J Reprod Med. 2013;11(8):631-6.