@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2018;24(2):153-161
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2018;24(2):153-161
Forecasting of Emotional Management Based on Mindfulness and Social Support in Patients With Diabetes in Yazd
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Mirhoseini F (*)Fallah MH (1)
(*) Psychology Branch, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
(1) Psychology Branch, Yazd branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd , Iran
Correspondence
Address: Psychology Branch, Yazd branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, IranPhone: +98 (35) 38284339
Fax: +98 (35) 38284339
Mahdiop@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: April 29, 2017Accepted: May 2, 2018
ePublished: May 16, 2018
ABSTRACT
Aims
The aim of the current study is to examine the predictive role of Emotion
Cognitive Regulation through mindfulness and social support in patients with
Type 2 Diabetes.
Materials & Methods In this correlative study, the population consists of 4020 patents with Type2 Diabetes, 221 of which were selected as the available sample. For the purpose of data collection, the researcher has used Granefski et al.’s Scale for Emotion Cognitive Regulation (2001), Freiburg’s Mindfulness Questionnaire (2001), and Philips’ Social Support Questionnaire (1986). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.
Findings Findings of the study confirmed a positive relationship between mindfulness and positive strategies for emotion cognitive regulation, a negative relationship between mindfulness and negative strategies for emotion cognitive regulation, a positive relationship between social support and positive strategies for emotion cognitive regulation, and a negative relationship between social support and negative strategies for emotion cognitive regulation. Moreover, results of multiple regression analysis showed that mindfulness and social support can predict emotion cognitive regulation in patients with Type2 Diabetes.
Conclusion With regard to the findings, mindfulness and social support are effective in selecting and applying positive strategies for emotion cognitive regulation in patients with Type2 Diabetes.
Materials & Methods In this correlative study, the population consists of 4020 patents with Type2 Diabetes, 221 of which were selected as the available sample. For the purpose of data collection, the researcher has used Granefski et al.’s Scale for Emotion Cognitive Regulation (2001), Freiburg’s Mindfulness Questionnaire (2001), and Philips’ Social Support Questionnaire (1986). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.
Findings Findings of the study confirmed a positive relationship between mindfulness and positive strategies for emotion cognitive regulation, a negative relationship between mindfulness and negative strategies for emotion cognitive regulation, a positive relationship between social support and positive strategies for emotion cognitive regulation, and a negative relationship between social support and negative strategies for emotion cognitive regulation. Moreover, results of multiple regression analysis showed that mindfulness and social support can predict emotion cognitive regulation in patients with Type2 Diabetes.
Conclusion With regard to the findings, mindfulness and social support are effective in selecting and applying positive strategies for emotion cognitive regulation in patients with Type2 Diabetes.
CITATION LINKS
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[16]Kabat-Zinn J. Coming to our senses. New York: Hyperion; 2005. pp. 45-61.
[17]Erisman SM, Roemer L. A preliminary investigation of the effects of experimentally induced mindfulness on emotional responding to film clips. Emotion. 2010;10(1):72-82.
[18]Keng SL, Smoski MJ, Robins CJ. Effects of mindfulness on psychological health: A review of empirical studies. Clin Psychol Rev. 2011;31(6):1041-56.
[19]Mace C. Mindfulness and mental health: Therapy, theory, and science. New York: Routledge; 2008. pp. 35-6.
[20]Narimani M, Zahed A, Golpour R. The relationship between mindfulness, coping styles and emotional intelligence with psychological health in students, J Educ Sci. 2012;5(19):91-105. [Persian]
[21]Trief PM, Hims CL, Orendroff R,Weinstock RS. The marital relationship and psychosocial adaptation and glycemic control of individuals with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(8):1384-89.
[22]Thoits PA. Social support and psychological well-being: Theoretical possibities. In: Sarason IG, editor. Social support: Theory, research and applications. Dordrecht: Nihjoff; 1985. pp. 51-72.
[23]Cobb S. Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosom Med. 1976;38(5):300-14.
[24]Nasseh M, Ghazinour N, Joghataei MT, Nojoumi M, Richter Y. A persian version of social support questionnaire. Soc Welf. 2011;11(41):251-66. [Persian]
[25]Hekmatipour N, Taheri N, Hojjati H, Rabiee Sh. Evaluation of the relationship between social support and quality of life in elderly patients with diabetes. J Diabetes Nurs. 2015;3(1):42-50 [Persian]
[26]Zamanzadeh V, Heidarzadeh M, Ashvandi Kh, Lak Dizaji S. The relationship between life quality and social support in hemodialysis patients. Med J Tabriz Univ Med Sci Health Serv. 2007;29(1):49-54. [Persian]
[27]Samani S, Sadeghi L. Appropriateness of psychometric indices of the questionnaire of cognitive regulation of emotion. J Manag Syst. 2010;1(1):51-62. [Persian]
[28]Garnefski N, Kraaij V, Spinhoven P. Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation, and emotional problems. Personal Individ Differ. 2001;30(8):1311-27.
[29]Ghasemi Jobaneh R, Arabzadeh M, Jalili Nikoo S, Mohammad Alipoor Z, Mohsenzadeh F. Survey the validity and reliability of the persian version of short form of Freiburg mindfulness inventory. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci. 2014;14(2):137-50. [Persian]
[30]Trousselard M, Steiler D, Raphel C, Cian C, Duymedjian R, Claverie D, et al. Validation of a French version of the Freiburg mindfulness inventory-short version: Relationships between mindfulness and stress in an adult population. Biopsychosoc Med. 2010;4(8):1-11.
[31]Torabi Z. Investigating the relationship between social support and academic burnout among the students of Payam Nour University of Abarkouh [Dissertation]. Abarkouh: Payame Noor University of Abarkouh; 2014. [Persian]
[32]Anderson ND, Lau MA, Segal ZV, Bishop SR. Mindfulness-based stress reduction and attentional control. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2007;14(6):449-63.
[33]Ortner CNM, Kilner SJ, Zelazo PD. Mindfulness meditation and reduced emotional interference on a cognitive task. Motiv Emot. 2007;31(4):271-83.
[34]Davidson RJ, Kabat-Zinn J, Schumacher J, Rosenkranz M, Muller D, Santorelli SF, et al. Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosom Med. 2003;65(4):564-70
[35]Lynch TR, Bronner LL. Mindfulness and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT): Application with depressed older adults with personality disorders. In: Baer RA, editor, Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: Clinician's guide to evidence base and applications. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press; 2006. pp. 217-36.
[36]Sayah Sayari N, Hossein Shahi H, Ranjgar B. The relationship between identity and social support of the parents among teenagers. J Clin Psychol Andishe va Raftar. 2010;4(16):67-74. [Persian]
[37]Akouchekian Sh, Rouhafza HR, Hasanzadeh A, Mohammad Sharifi H. Relation between social support and coping with stress in nurses in psychiatric ward. J Guilan Univ Med SCI. 2009;18(69):41-6. [Persian]
[38]Trief PM, Ploutz-Snyder R, Britton KD, Weinstock RS. The relationship between marital quality and adherence to the diabetes care regimen. Ann Behav Med. 2004;27(3):148-54.
[39]Saarni C, Mumme DL, Campos JJ. Emotional development: Action, communication, and understanding. In: Damon W, Eisenberg N, editors. Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc; 1998. pp. 237-309.
[40]Tugade MM, Fredrickson BL. Positive emotions and emotional intelligence. In: Barrett LF, Salovey P, editors. The wisdom in feeling: psychological processes in emotional intelligence. New York: Guilford Press; 2002. pp. 319-40.
[41]Toljamo M, Hentinen M. Adherence to self-care and social support. J Clin Nurs. 2001;10(5):618-27.
[42]Omidi A, Mohammadi A, Zargar F, Akasheh G. Comparing the efficacy of combined mindfulness based cognitive therapy with cognitive behavioral therapy and traditional cognitive behavior therapy in reducing dysfunctional attitudes of patients with major depressive disorder. J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2013;20(4):383-92. [Persian]
[43]Goldin PR, Gross JJ. Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder. Emotion. 2010;10(1):83-91.
[44]Toneatto T, Nguyen L. Does mindfulness meditation improve anxiety and mood symptoms? A review of the controlled research. Can J Psychiatry. 2007;52(4):260-6.
[45]Teasdale JD, Segal ZV, Williams JM, Ridgeway VA, Soulsby JM, Lau MA. Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depression by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2000;68(4):615-23.
[46]Huston DC, Garland EL, Farb NAS. Mechanisms of mindfulness in communication training. J Appl Commun Res. 2011;39(4):406-21.
[47]Schroevers M, Kraaij V, Garnefski N. Goal disturbance, cognitive coping strategies, and psychological adjustment to different types of stressful life event. Personal Individ Differ. 2007;43(2):413-23.
[48]Salehi A, Baghban I, Bahrami F, Ahmadi SA. The relationship between cognitive strategies of emotion and emotional problem with regards to individual and family factors. J Fam Couns Psychother. 2011;1(1):1-18. [Persian]
[49]Stocker CM, Richmand MK, Rhoades GK, Kiang L. Family emotional processes and adolescents’ adjustment. Soc Dev. 2007;16(2):310-25.
[50]Bal S, Crombez G, Van Oost P. The role of social support in well-being and coping with self-reported stressful events in adolescents. Child Abus negl. 2003;27(12):1377-95.
[51]Stacciarini JM, Tróccoli BT. Occupational stress and constructive thinking: Health and job statisfaction. J Adv Nurs. 2004;46(5):480-7.
[52]Garnefski N, Kraaij V. Relationships between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms: A comparative study of five specific samples. Personal Individ Differ. 2006;40(8):1659-69.
[53]Roemer L, Lee JK, Salters-Pedneault K, Erisman SM, Orsillo SM, Mennin DS. Mindfulness and emotion regulation difficulties in generalized anxiety disorder: Preliminary evidence for independent and overlapping contributions. Behav Ther. 2009;40(2):142-54.
[54]Hill CL, Updegraff. Mindfulness and its relationship to emotional regulation. Emotion. 2012;12(1):81-90.
[55]Stanton AL, Revenson TA, Tennen H. Healthpsychology: Psychological adjustment to chronic disease. Annu Rev Psychol. 2007;58:565-92.
[2]Williams LH, Miller DR, Fincke G, Lafrance JP, Etzioni R, Maynard Ch, et al. Depresstion and incident lower limb amputations in veterans with diabetes. J Diabetes Complicat. 2011;25(3):175-82.
[3]Papelbaum M, Lemos HM, Duchesne M, Kupfer R, Moreira RO, Coutinho WF. The association between quality of life, depressive symptoms and glycemic control in a group of type 2 diabetes patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010;89(3):227-30.
[4]Taylor S. Health psychology. 8th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Humanities; 2011.
[5]Radfar Sh, Hamidi F, Lorestani F, Ebrahimi B, Mirzaei J. Emotions management. Tehran: Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center; 2008. [Persian]
[6]Gross JJ. Emotion regulation: Past, present, future. J Cogn Emot. 1999;13(5):551-73.
[7]Wells A. Cognition about cognition: Metacognitive therapy and change in generalized anxiety disorder and social phobia. Cogn Behav Pract. 2007;14(1):18-25.
[8]Dillon DG, Ritchey M, Johnson BD, LaBar KS. Dissociable effects of conscious emotion regulation strategies on explicit and implicit memory. Emotion. 2007;7(2):354-65.
[9]Hamilton NA, Karoly P, Gallagher M, Stevens N, Karlson C, McCurdy D. The assessment of emotion regulation in cognitive context: The emotion amplification and reduction scales. Cogn Ther Res. 2009;33(3):255-63.
[10]Graziano PA, Reavis Rd, Keane SP, Calkins SD. The role of emotion regulation in children's early academic success. J Sch Psychol. 2007;45(1):3-19.
[11]Zal-Herwitz C, Damon E, Weiss J, Waltz J. Relationship between mindfulness and emotion regulation. Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies Conference. Missoula: The University of Montana, Department of Psychology; 2014.
[12]Suveg C, Morelen D, Brewer GA, Thomassin K. The emotion dysregulation model of anxiety: A preliminary path analytic examination. Anxiety Disord. 2010;24(8):924-30.
[13]Eisenberg N. Emotion, regulation, and moral development. Annu Rev Psychol. 2000;51:665-97.
[14]Ludwig DS, Kabat-Zinn J. Mindfulness in medicine. JAMA. 2008;300(11):1350-3.
[15]Gehart DR. Mindfulness and Acceptance in Couple and Family Therapy. Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. pp. 39-48.
[16]Kabat-Zinn J. Coming to our senses. New York: Hyperion; 2005. pp. 45-61.
[17]Erisman SM, Roemer L. A preliminary investigation of the effects of experimentally induced mindfulness on emotional responding to film clips. Emotion. 2010;10(1):72-82.
[18]Keng SL, Smoski MJ, Robins CJ. Effects of mindfulness on psychological health: A review of empirical studies. Clin Psychol Rev. 2011;31(6):1041-56.
[19]Mace C. Mindfulness and mental health: Therapy, theory, and science. New York: Routledge; 2008. pp. 35-6.
[20]Narimani M, Zahed A, Golpour R. The relationship between mindfulness, coping styles and emotional intelligence with psychological health in students, J Educ Sci. 2012;5(19):91-105. [Persian]
[21]Trief PM, Hims CL, Orendroff R,Weinstock RS. The marital relationship and psychosocial adaptation and glycemic control of individuals with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(8):1384-89.
[22]Thoits PA. Social support and psychological well-being: Theoretical possibities. In: Sarason IG, editor. Social support: Theory, research and applications. Dordrecht: Nihjoff; 1985. pp. 51-72.
[23]Cobb S. Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosom Med. 1976;38(5):300-14.
[24]Nasseh M, Ghazinour N, Joghataei MT, Nojoumi M, Richter Y. A persian version of social support questionnaire. Soc Welf. 2011;11(41):251-66. [Persian]
[25]Hekmatipour N, Taheri N, Hojjati H, Rabiee Sh. Evaluation of the relationship between social support and quality of life in elderly patients with diabetes. J Diabetes Nurs. 2015;3(1):42-50 [Persian]
[26]Zamanzadeh V, Heidarzadeh M, Ashvandi Kh, Lak Dizaji S. The relationship between life quality and social support in hemodialysis patients. Med J Tabriz Univ Med Sci Health Serv. 2007;29(1):49-54. [Persian]
[27]Samani S, Sadeghi L. Appropriateness of psychometric indices of the questionnaire of cognitive regulation of emotion. J Manag Syst. 2010;1(1):51-62. [Persian]
[28]Garnefski N, Kraaij V, Spinhoven P. Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation, and emotional problems. Personal Individ Differ. 2001;30(8):1311-27.
[29]Ghasemi Jobaneh R, Arabzadeh M, Jalili Nikoo S, Mohammad Alipoor Z, Mohsenzadeh F. Survey the validity and reliability of the persian version of short form of Freiburg mindfulness inventory. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci. 2014;14(2):137-50. [Persian]
[30]Trousselard M, Steiler D, Raphel C, Cian C, Duymedjian R, Claverie D, et al. Validation of a French version of the Freiburg mindfulness inventory-short version: Relationships between mindfulness and stress in an adult population. Biopsychosoc Med. 2010;4(8):1-11.
[31]Torabi Z. Investigating the relationship between social support and academic burnout among the students of Payam Nour University of Abarkouh [Dissertation]. Abarkouh: Payame Noor University of Abarkouh; 2014. [Persian]
[32]Anderson ND, Lau MA, Segal ZV, Bishop SR. Mindfulness-based stress reduction and attentional control. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2007;14(6):449-63.
[33]Ortner CNM, Kilner SJ, Zelazo PD. Mindfulness meditation and reduced emotional interference on a cognitive task. Motiv Emot. 2007;31(4):271-83.
[34]Davidson RJ, Kabat-Zinn J, Schumacher J, Rosenkranz M, Muller D, Santorelli SF, et al. Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosom Med. 2003;65(4):564-70
[35]Lynch TR, Bronner LL. Mindfulness and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT): Application with depressed older adults with personality disorders. In: Baer RA, editor, Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: Clinician's guide to evidence base and applications. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press; 2006. pp. 217-36.
[36]Sayah Sayari N, Hossein Shahi H, Ranjgar B. The relationship between identity and social support of the parents among teenagers. J Clin Psychol Andishe va Raftar. 2010;4(16):67-74. [Persian]
[37]Akouchekian Sh, Rouhafza HR, Hasanzadeh A, Mohammad Sharifi H. Relation between social support and coping with stress in nurses in psychiatric ward. J Guilan Univ Med SCI. 2009;18(69):41-6. [Persian]
[38]Trief PM, Ploutz-Snyder R, Britton KD, Weinstock RS. The relationship between marital quality and adherence to the diabetes care regimen. Ann Behav Med. 2004;27(3):148-54.
[39]Saarni C, Mumme DL, Campos JJ. Emotional development: Action, communication, and understanding. In: Damon W, Eisenberg N, editors. Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons Inc; 1998. pp. 237-309.
[40]Tugade MM, Fredrickson BL. Positive emotions and emotional intelligence. In: Barrett LF, Salovey P, editors. The wisdom in feeling: psychological processes in emotional intelligence. New York: Guilford Press; 2002. pp. 319-40.
[41]Toljamo M, Hentinen M. Adherence to self-care and social support. J Clin Nurs. 2001;10(5):618-27.
[42]Omidi A, Mohammadi A, Zargar F, Akasheh G. Comparing the efficacy of combined mindfulness based cognitive therapy with cognitive behavioral therapy and traditional cognitive behavior therapy in reducing dysfunctional attitudes of patients with major depressive disorder. J Birjand Univ Med Sci. 2013;20(4):383-92. [Persian]
[43]Goldin PR, Gross JJ. Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder. Emotion. 2010;10(1):83-91.
[44]Toneatto T, Nguyen L. Does mindfulness meditation improve anxiety and mood symptoms? A review of the controlled research. Can J Psychiatry. 2007;52(4):260-6.
[45]Teasdale JD, Segal ZV, Williams JM, Ridgeway VA, Soulsby JM, Lau MA. Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depression by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2000;68(4):615-23.
[46]Huston DC, Garland EL, Farb NAS. Mechanisms of mindfulness in communication training. J Appl Commun Res. 2011;39(4):406-21.
[47]Schroevers M, Kraaij V, Garnefski N. Goal disturbance, cognitive coping strategies, and psychological adjustment to different types of stressful life event. Personal Individ Differ. 2007;43(2):413-23.
[48]Salehi A, Baghban I, Bahrami F, Ahmadi SA. The relationship between cognitive strategies of emotion and emotional problem with regards to individual and family factors. J Fam Couns Psychother. 2011;1(1):1-18. [Persian]
[49]Stocker CM, Richmand MK, Rhoades GK, Kiang L. Family emotional processes and adolescents’ adjustment. Soc Dev. 2007;16(2):310-25.
[50]Bal S, Crombez G, Van Oost P. The role of social support in well-being and coping with self-reported stressful events in adolescents. Child Abus negl. 2003;27(12):1377-95.
[51]Stacciarini JM, Tróccoli BT. Occupational stress and constructive thinking: Health and job statisfaction. J Adv Nurs. 2004;46(5):480-7.
[52]Garnefski N, Kraaij V. Relationships between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms: A comparative study of five specific samples. Personal Individ Differ. 2006;40(8):1659-69.
[53]Roemer L, Lee JK, Salters-Pedneault K, Erisman SM, Orsillo SM, Mennin DS. Mindfulness and emotion regulation difficulties in generalized anxiety disorder: Preliminary evidence for independent and overlapping contributions. Behav Ther. 2009;40(2):142-54.
[54]Hill CL, Updegraff. Mindfulness and its relationship to emotional regulation. Emotion. 2012;12(1):81-90.
[55]Stanton AL, Revenson TA, Tennen H. Healthpsychology: Psychological adjustment to chronic disease. Annu Rev Psychol. 2007;58:565-92.