@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2017;23(3):207-214
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2017;23(3):207-214
Effects of Methylprednisolone on Motor Functional Recovery after Sciatic Nerve Transection and Decellularized Scaffold Transplantation in Rats
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Abdolmaleki A. (1 )Behnam-Rassouli M. (*)
Moghimi A. (1)
Mahdavi-Shahri N. (1)
(*) Biology Department, Science Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
(1 ) Biology Department, Science Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Biology Department, Science Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Azadi Square, Mashhad, IranPhone: +98 (51) 32527204
Fax: +98 (51) 32527204
behnam@um.ac.ir
Article History
Received: February 4, 2014Accepted: April 4, 2017
ePublished: July 22, 2017
ABSTRACT
Aims
Following the peripheral nervous system trauma, prescribing anti-inflammatory agents is one of the strategies to control the damage and promoting the recovery process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of methylprednisolone on improvement of motor function and tissue changes following sciatic nerve transection and repairing by decellularized scaffolds transplantation in rats.
Materials & Methods In this experimental study, 50 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10; negative control group (receiving no medication with transection of the sciatic nerve), sham group (nerve-mediated surgery with solvent drug), experimental groups 1 and 2 (transection of the sciatic nerve and scaffold transplantation with 1- and 30mg/kg of methylprednisolone intraperitoneally) and experimental group 3 (transection of the sciatic nerve and scaffold transplantation with solvent drug). Behavioral, electrophysiological and tissue tests were performed during the experiment. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software and using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests.
Findings the rate of repair and improvement of motor function was increased significantly in the treated groups with methylprednisolone compared to the control group (p<0.05). Musculoskeletal atrophy of gastrocnemius was decreased in methylprednisolone treated groups. In addition, the number of neural fibers, axon diameter and thickness of myelin sheath were significantly higher in the treated groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion The prescription of methylprednisolone increases the amount of motor improvement and tissue repair after the sciatic nerve transection and the decellularized scaffold transplantation. Recovery of the motor and tissue functions at high dose of methylprednisolone is better than low dose.
Materials & Methods In this experimental study, 50 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10; negative control group (receiving no medication with transection of the sciatic nerve), sham group (nerve-mediated surgery with solvent drug), experimental groups 1 and 2 (transection of the sciatic nerve and scaffold transplantation with 1- and 30mg/kg of methylprednisolone intraperitoneally) and experimental group 3 (transection of the sciatic nerve and scaffold transplantation with solvent drug). Behavioral, electrophysiological and tissue tests were performed during the experiment. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software and using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests.
Findings the rate of repair and improvement of motor function was increased significantly in the treated groups with methylprednisolone compared to the control group (p<0.05). Musculoskeletal atrophy of gastrocnemius was decreased in methylprednisolone treated groups. In addition, the number of neural fibers, axon diameter and thickness of myelin sheath were significantly higher in the treated groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion The prescription of methylprednisolone increases the amount of motor improvement and tissue repair after the sciatic nerve transection and the decellularized scaffold transplantation. Recovery of the motor and tissue functions at high dose of methylprednisolone is better than low dose.
Keywords:
Methylprednisolone,
Sciatic Nerve ,
Regeneration,
Decellularized Scaffold,
Peripheral Nerves,
CITATION LINKS
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[4]Umebayashi D, Natsume A, Takeuchi H, Hara M, Nishimura Y, Fukuyama R, et al. Blockade of gap junction hemichannel protects secondary spinal cord injury from activated microglia-mediated glutamate exitoneurotoxicity. J Neurotrauma. 2014;31(24):1967-74.
[5]Takeuchi H. Neurotoxicity by microglia: Mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategy. Clin Exp Neuroimmunol. 2010;1(1):12-21.
[6]Benveniste H, Jørgensen MB, Sandberg M, Christensen T, Hagberg H, Diemer NH. Ischemic damage in hippocampal CA1 is dependent on glutamate release and intact innervation from CA3. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1989;9(5):629-39.
[7]Bozkurt A, Deumens R, Beckmann C, Damink LO, Schügner F, Heschel I, et al. In vitro cell alignment obtained with a Schwann cell enriched microstructured nerve guide with longitudinal guidance channels. Biomaterials. 2009;30(2):169-79.
[8]Meek MF, Coert JH. Clinical use of nerve conduits in peripheral-nerve repair: Review of the literature. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2002;18(2):97-110.
[9]Tang JB, Shi D, Zhou H. Vein conduits for repair of nerves with a prolonged gap or in unfavorable conditions: an analysis of three failed cases. Microsurgery. 1995;16(3):133-7.
[10]Noorafshan A, Omidi A, Karbalay-Doust S, Aliabadi E, Dehghani F. Effects of curcumin on the dorsal root ganglion structure and functional recovery after sciatic nerve crush in rat. Micron. 2011;42(5):449-55.
[11]Mohammadi R, Azad-Tirgan M, Amini K. Dexamethasone topically accelerates peripheral nerve repair and target organ reinnervation: a transected sciatic nerve model in rat. Injury. 2013;44(4):565-9.
[12]Feng X, Yuan W. Dexamethasone enhanced functional recovery after sciatic nerve crush injury in rats. Bio Med Res Int. 2015;2015:1-9.
[13]Bracken MB, Collins WF, Freeman DF, Shepard MJ, Wagner FW, Silten RM, et al. Efficacy of methylprednisolone in acute spinal cord injury. JAMA. 1984;6(1):45-52.
[14]Hall ED. Lipid antioxidants in acute central nervous system injury. Ann Emerg Med. 1993;22(6):1022-7.
[15]Rasouli MR, Nouri M, Rahimi-Movaghar V. Spinal cord injuries from road traffic crashes in southeastern Iran. Chin J Traumatol. 2007;10(6):323-6.
[16]Yüce S, Gökçe EC, Iskdemir A, Koç ER, Cemil DB, Gökçe A, et al. An experimental comparison of the effects of propolis, curcumin, and methylprednisolone on crush injuries of the sciatic nerve. Ann Plastic Surg. 2015;74(6):684-92.
[17]Ghayour MB, Abdolmaleki A, Behnam-Rassouli M. The effect of Riluzole on functional recovery of locomotion in the rat sciatic nerve crush model. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2016;12:1-9.
[18]Johnson PC, Duhamel RC, Meezan E, Brendel K. Preparation of cell free extracellular matrix from human peripheral nerve. Muscle Nerve 1982;5(4):335-44.
[19]Sondell M, Lundborg G, Kanje M. Regeneration of the rat sciatic nerve into allografts made acellular through chemical extraction. Brain Res. 1998;795(1-2):44-54.
[20]Bain JR, Mackinnon SE, Hunter DA. Functional evaluation of complete sciatic, peroneal, and posterior tibial nerve lesions in the rat. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1989;83(1):129-36.
[21]Solandt DY, Magladery JW. The relation of atrophy to fibrillation in denervated muscle. Brain. 1940;63(3):255-63.
[22]Noorafshan A, Omidi A, Karbalay-Doust S. Curcumin protects the dorsal root ganglion and sciatic nerve after crush in rat. Pathol Res Pract. 2011;207(9):577-82.
[23]Secer HI, Daneyemez M, Tehli O, Gonul E, Izci Y. The clinical, electrophysiologic, and surgical characteristics of peripheral nerve injuries caused by gunshot wounds in adults: A 40-year experience. Surg Neurol 2008;69(2):143-52.
[24]Terenghi G, Hart A, Wiberg M. The nerve injury and the dying neurons: Diagnosis and prevention. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2011;36(9):730-4.
[25]Yilmaz Z. Neuroprotective effects of mannitol and vitamin c on crush injury of sciatic nerve: an experimental rat study. J Neurol Sci. 2012;28(4):538-51.
[26]Galloway EB, Jensen RL, Dailey AT, Gregory Thompson B, Shelton C. Role of topical steroids in reducing dysfunction after nerve injury. Laryngoscope. 2000;110(11):1907-10.
[27]Young W, DeCrescito V, Flamm ES, Blight A, Gruner JA. Pharmacological therapy of acute spinal cord injury: Studies of high dose methylprednisolone and naloxone. Clin Neurosurg. 1987;34:675-97.
[28]Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Collins WF, Holford TR, Young W, Baskin DS, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of methylprednisolone or naloxone in the treatment of acute spinal-cord injury: Results of the second national acute spinal cord injury study. N Engl J Med. 1990;322(20):1405-11.
[29]Iizuka H, Iwasaki Y, Yamamoto T, Kadoya S. Morphometric assessment of drug effects in experimental spinal cord injury. J Neurosurg. 1986;65(1):92-8.
[30]Holtz A, Nyström B, Gerdin B. Effect of methylprednisolone on motor function and spinal cord blood flow after spinal cord compression in rats. ‎Acta Neurol Scand. 1990;82(1):68-73.
[31]Lee MY, Yoon TG, Sung JJ, Kim HJ, Yum KW. Pre-emptive effect of methylprednisolone on the mechanical allodynia development after peripheral nerve injuries in rats. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2004;46(6):S17-21.
[32]Yanilmaz M, Akduman D, Sagun ÖF, Haksever M, Yazicilar O, Orhan I, et al. The effects of aminoguanidine, methylprednisolone, and melatonin on nerve recovery in peripheral facial nerve neurorrhaphy. J Craniofac Surg. 2015;26(3):667-72.
[2]Kim TH, Yoon SJ, Lee WC, Kim JK, Shin J, Lee S, et al. Protective effect of GCSB-5, an herbal preparation, against peripheral nerve injury in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011;136(2):297-304.
[3]Tator CH, Fehlings MG. Review of the secondary injury theory of acute spinal cord trauma with emphasis on vascular mechanisms. J Neurosurg. 1991;75(1):15-26.
[4]Umebayashi D, Natsume A, Takeuchi H, Hara M, Nishimura Y, Fukuyama R, et al. Blockade of gap junction hemichannel protects secondary spinal cord injury from activated microglia-mediated glutamate exitoneurotoxicity. J Neurotrauma. 2014;31(24):1967-74.
[5]Takeuchi H. Neurotoxicity by microglia: Mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategy. Clin Exp Neuroimmunol. 2010;1(1):12-21.
[6]Benveniste H, Jørgensen MB, Sandberg M, Christensen T, Hagberg H, Diemer NH. Ischemic damage in hippocampal CA1 is dependent on glutamate release and intact innervation from CA3. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1989;9(5):629-39.
[7]Bozkurt A, Deumens R, Beckmann C, Damink LO, Schügner F, Heschel I, et al. In vitro cell alignment obtained with a Schwann cell enriched microstructured nerve guide with longitudinal guidance channels. Biomaterials. 2009;30(2):169-79.
[8]Meek MF, Coert JH. Clinical use of nerve conduits in peripheral-nerve repair: Review of the literature. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2002;18(2):97-110.
[9]Tang JB, Shi D, Zhou H. Vein conduits for repair of nerves with a prolonged gap or in unfavorable conditions: an analysis of three failed cases. Microsurgery. 1995;16(3):133-7.
[10]Noorafshan A, Omidi A, Karbalay-Doust S, Aliabadi E, Dehghani F. Effects of curcumin on the dorsal root ganglion structure and functional recovery after sciatic nerve crush in rat. Micron. 2011;42(5):449-55.
[11]Mohammadi R, Azad-Tirgan M, Amini K. Dexamethasone topically accelerates peripheral nerve repair and target organ reinnervation: a transected sciatic nerve model in rat. Injury. 2013;44(4):565-9.
[12]Feng X, Yuan W. Dexamethasone enhanced functional recovery after sciatic nerve crush injury in rats. Bio Med Res Int. 2015;2015:1-9.
[13]Bracken MB, Collins WF, Freeman DF, Shepard MJ, Wagner FW, Silten RM, et al. Efficacy of methylprednisolone in acute spinal cord injury. JAMA. 1984;6(1):45-52.
[14]Hall ED. Lipid antioxidants in acute central nervous system injury. Ann Emerg Med. 1993;22(6):1022-7.
[15]Rasouli MR, Nouri M, Rahimi-Movaghar V. Spinal cord injuries from road traffic crashes in southeastern Iran. Chin J Traumatol. 2007;10(6):323-6.
[16]Yüce S, Gökçe EC, Iskdemir A, Koç ER, Cemil DB, Gökçe A, et al. An experimental comparison of the effects of propolis, curcumin, and methylprednisolone on crush injuries of the sciatic nerve. Ann Plastic Surg. 2015;74(6):684-92.
[17]Ghayour MB, Abdolmaleki A, Behnam-Rassouli M. The effect of Riluzole on functional recovery of locomotion in the rat sciatic nerve crush model. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2016;12:1-9.
[18]Johnson PC, Duhamel RC, Meezan E, Brendel K. Preparation of cell free extracellular matrix from human peripheral nerve. Muscle Nerve 1982;5(4):335-44.
[19]Sondell M, Lundborg G, Kanje M. Regeneration of the rat sciatic nerve into allografts made acellular through chemical extraction. Brain Res. 1998;795(1-2):44-54.
[20]Bain JR, Mackinnon SE, Hunter DA. Functional evaluation of complete sciatic, peroneal, and posterior tibial nerve lesions in the rat. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1989;83(1):129-36.
[21]Solandt DY, Magladery JW. The relation of atrophy to fibrillation in denervated muscle. Brain. 1940;63(3):255-63.
[22]Noorafshan A, Omidi A, Karbalay-Doust S. Curcumin protects the dorsal root ganglion and sciatic nerve after crush in rat. Pathol Res Pract. 2011;207(9):577-82.
[23]Secer HI, Daneyemez M, Tehli O, Gonul E, Izci Y. The clinical, electrophysiologic, and surgical characteristics of peripheral nerve injuries caused by gunshot wounds in adults: A 40-year experience. Surg Neurol 2008;69(2):143-52.
[24]Terenghi G, Hart A, Wiberg M. The nerve injury and the dying neurons: Diagnosis and prevention. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2011;36(9):730-4.
[25]Yilmaz Z. Neuroprotective effects of mannitol and vitamin c on crush injury of sciatic nerve: an experimental rat study. J Neurol Sci. 2012;28(4):538-51.
[26]Galloway EB, Jensen RL, Dailey AT, Gregory Thompson B, Shelton C. Role of topical steroids in reducing dysfunction after nerve injury. Laryngoscope. 2000;110(11):1907-10.
[27]Young W, DeCrescito V, Flamm ES, Blight A, Gruner JA. Pharmacological therapy of acute spinal cord injury: Studies of high dose methylprednisolone and naloxone. Clin Neurosurg. 1987;34:675-97.
[28]Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Collins WF, Holford TR, Young W, Baskin DS, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of methylprednisolone or naloxone in the treatment of acute spinal-cord injury: Results of the second national acute spinal cord injury study. N Engl J Med. 1990;322(20):1405-11.
[29]Iizuka H, Iwasaki Y, Yamamoto T, Kadoya S. Morphometric assessment of drug effects in experimental spinal cord injury. J Neurosurg. 1986;65(1):92-8.
[30]Holtz A, Nyström B, Gerdin B. Effect of methylprednisolone on motor function and spinal cord blood flow after spinal cord compression in rats. ‎Acta Neurol Scand. 1990;82(1):68-73.
[31]Lee MY, Yoon TG, Sung JJ, Kim HJ, Yum KW. Pre-emptive effect of methylprednisolone on the mechanical allodynia development after peripheral nerve injuries in rats. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2004;46(6):S17-21.
[32]Yanilmaz M, Akduman D, Sagun ÖF, Haksever M, Yazicilar O, Orhan I, et al. The effects of aminoguanidine, methylprednisolone, and melatonin on nerve recovery in peripheral facial nerve neurorrhaphy. J Craniofac Surg. 2015;26(3):667-72.