@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2251-8215 Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2018;2(3):99-103
ISSN: 2251-8215 Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2018;2(3):99-103
+14bp/-14bp Polymorphism of HLA-G Gene in Iranian Women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Paknahad B. (1)Saadat Nia G. (*)
Mirza Ahmadi S. (2)
Salehian P. (3)
(*) Biotechnology Department, Iranian Research Organization for Scienceand Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
(1) Biotechnology Department, Iranian Research Organization for Scienceand Technology(IROST), Tehran, Iran
(2) Basic Sciences Faculty, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan , Iran
(3) Sarem Fertility & Infertility Research Center (SAFIR), Sarem Women’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Article History
Received: March 17, 2017Accepted: June 21, 2017
ePublished: August 15, 2018
ABSTRACT
Aims
Spontaneous abortion is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is thought to have a mediating role in mother and fetus interactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the +14bp/-14bp polymorphism of HLA-G gene with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) among Iranian women.
Materials & Methods This case-control study was conducted on 50 patients with RSA and 50 normal women referred to Sarem women hospital (Tehran, Iran) during a six-month period from October 2012 to March 2013. After preparation of the blood samples and extraction of DNA, the exon 8 of HLA-G gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and observed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Statistical analysis of data was done by Chi-square test using SPSS software.
Findings There was a significant difference in the frequency of homozygous genotypes between patient and control groups (p=0.034). The homozygous genotypes of +14bp or -14bp were found more frequently in patients with RSA (60%) than the control group (34%). The odds ratio (OR) for homozygous genotypes relative to heterozygote genotype was found as 2.91.
Conclusion The frequencies of heterozygous and homozygous genotypes of the polymorphism, +14bp/-14bp of the HLA-G gene, differ between Iranian women with a history of RSA and healthy women.
Materials & Methods This case-control study was conducted on 50 patients with RSA and 50 normal women referred to Sarem women hospital (Tehran, Iran) during a six-month period from October 2012 to March 2013. After preparation of the blood samples and extraction of DNA, the exon 8 of HLA-G gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and observed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Statistical analysis of data was done by Chi-square test using SPSS software.
Findings There was a significant difference in the frequency of homozygous genotypes between patient and control groups (p=0.034). The homozygous genotypes of +14bp or -14bp were found more frequently in patients with RSA (60%) than the control group (34%). The odds ratio (OR) for homozygous genotypes relative to heterozygote genotype was found as 2.91.
Conclusion The frequencies of heterozygous and homozygous genotypes of the polymorphism, +14bp/-14bp of the HLA-G gene, differ between Iranian women with a history of RSA and healthy women.
CITATION LINKS
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[14]Shankarkumar U, Shankarkumar A, Chedda Z, Ghosh K. Role of 14-bp deletion/insertion polymorphism in exon 8 of the HLA-G gene in recurrent spontaneous abortion patients. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2011;4(3):143-6.
[15]Aruna M, Sirisha PV, Andal Bhaskar S, Tarakeswari S, Thangaraj K, Reddy BM. Role of 14-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in HLA-G among Indian women with recurrent spontaneous abortions. Tissue Antigens. 2011;77(2):131-5.
[16]Tripathi P, Abbas A, Naik S, Agrawal S. Role of 14-bp deletion in the HLA-G gene in the maintenance of pregnancy. Tissue Antigens. 2004;64(6):706-10.
[17]Meka A, Reddy BM. Recurrent spontaneous abortions: An overview of genetic and non-genetic backgrounds. Int J Hum Genet. 2006;6(2):109-17.
[18]Le Bouteiller P, Mallet V. HLA-G and pregnancy. Rev Reprod. 1997;2(1):7-13.
[19]Carosella ED, Moreau P, Le Maoult J, Le Discorde M, Dausset J, Rouas Freiss N. HLA-G molecules: From maternal-fetal tolerance to tissue acceptance. Adv Immunol. 2003;81:199-252.
[20]Yan WH, Lin A, Chen XJ, Dai MZ, Gan LH, Zhou MY, et al. Association of the maternal 14-bp insertion polymorphism in the HLA-G gene in women with recurrent spontaneous abortions. Tissue Antigens. 2006;68(6):521-3.
[2]Aplin J. Maternal influences on placental development. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2000;11(2):115-25.
[3]Li TC, Makris M, Tomsu M, Tuckerman E, Laird S. Recurrent miscarriage: Aetiology, management and prognosis. Hum Reprod Update. 2002;8(5):463-81.
[4]Laird SM, Tuckerman EM, Cork BA, Linjawi S, Blakemore AI, Li TC. A review of immune cells and molecules in women with recurrent miscarriage. Hum Reprod Update. 2003;9(2):163-74.
[5]Hviid TV, Hylenius S, Lindhard A, Christiansen OB. Association between human leukocyte antigen-G genotype and success of in vitro fertilization and pregnancy outcome. Tissue Antigens. 2004;64(1):66-9.
[6]Choudhury SR, Knapp LA. Human reproductive failure II: Immunogenetic and interacting factors. Hum Reprod Update. 2001;7(2):135-60.
[7]Takakuwa K, Adachi H, Hataya I, Ishii K, Tamura M, Tanaka K. Molecular genetic studies of HLA-DRB1 alleles in patients with unexplained recurrent abortion in the Japanese population. Hum Reprod. 2003;18(4):728-33.
[8]Hunt JS, Petroff MG, McIntire RH, Ober C. HLA-G and immune tolerance in pregnancy. Offcial Pub Fed Am Soci Exper Biol J. 2005;19(7):681-93.
[9]Pandey MK, Rani R, Agrawal S. An update in recurrent spontaneous abortion. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2005;272(2):95-108.
[10]Xue S, Yang J, Yao F, Xu L, Fan L. Recurrent spontaneous abortions patients have more -14 bp/+14 bp heterozygotes in the 3'UT region of the HLA-G gene in a Chinese Han population. Tissue Antigens. 2007;69(Suppl 1):153-5.
[11]Hviid TV, Hylenius S, Hoegh AM, Kruse C, Christiansen OB. HLA-G polymorphisms in couples with recurrent spontaneous abortions. Tissue Antigens. 2002;60(2):122-32.
[12]Pandey MK, Thakur S, Agrawal S. Lymphocyte immunotherapy and its probable mechanism in the maintenance of pregnancy in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2004;269(3):161-72.
[13]Miller SA, Dykes DD, Polesky HF. A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988;16(3):1215.
[14]Shankarkumar U, Shankarkumar A, Chedda Z, Ghosh K. Role of 14-bp deletion/insertion polymorphism in exon 8 of the HLA-G gene in recurrent spontaneous abortion patients. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2011;4(3):143-6.
[15]Aruna M, Sirisha PV, Andal Bhaskar S, Tarakeswari S, Thangaraj K, Reddy BM. Role of 14-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in HLA-G among Indian women with recurrent spontaneous abortions. Tissue Antigens. 2011;77(2):131-5.
[16]Tripathi P, Abbas A, Naik S, Agrawal S. Role of 14-bp deletion in the HLA-G gene in the maintenance of pregnancy. Tissue Antigens. 2004;64(6):706-10.
[17]Meka A, Reddy BM. Recurrent spontaneous abortions: An overview of genetic and non-genetic backgrounds. Int J Hum Genet. 2006;6(2):109-17.
[18]Le Bouteiller P, Mallet V. HLA-G and pregnancy. Rev Reprod. 1997;2(1):7-13.
[19]Carosella ED, Moreau P, Le Maoult J, Le Discorde M, Dausset J, Rouas Freiss N. HLA-G molecules: From maternal-fetal tolerance to tissue acceptance. Adv Immunol. 2003;81:199-252.
[20]Yan WH, Lin A, Chen XJ, Dai MZ, Gan LH, Zhou MY, et al. Association of the maternal 14-bp insertion polymorphism in the HLA-G gene in women with recurrent spontaneous abortions. Tissue Antigens. 2006;68(6):521-3.