@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2017;23(4):319-324
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2017;23(4):319-324
Effect of Foot Reflexology on Milk Production in Mothers with Premature Infants
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Eshghizadeh M. (1)Moshki M. (1)
Mojtabavi J. (2)
Derakhshan N. (*)
(*) Pediatric Nursing Department, Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
(1) Social Development & Health Promotion Research Centre, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
(2) Iranian Traditional Medicine Department, Traditional & Complementary Medicine Faculty, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Pediatric Nursing Department, Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Near Asian Road, Imam Khomeini Street, Gonabad, IranPhone: +98 (51) 57225027
Fax: +98 (51) 572240510
derakhshann13@gmail.com
Article History
Received: September 4, 2016Accepted: April 30, 2017
ePublished: September 28, 2017
ABSTRACT
Aims
Premature infants need breastfeeding milk in infancy in order to achieve
optimal growth more than ever and not having enough milk in breast feeding, is
a common problem for women who have premature infants. Reflexology
massage is one of the proposed treatments to help with this issue. The current
study is aimed to determine the effect of reflexology on milk production in
mothers with premature infants.
Materials & Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 30 mothers with premature infants admitted to Shohada Hospital in Quchan city, in 2016, were selected through convenient sampling and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received foot reflexology massage for 3 consecutive days for 20 minutes and the control group received routine care only. The volume of milk was measured before and 30 minutes after massage on the first and third day of the study. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 using Chi-square, independent t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance.
Findings There was no significant difference in the mean volume of milk on the first day after reflex massage between the intervention group and the control group (p=0.79), but on the third day, there was a significant difference in the mean volume of milk after reflex massage between the intervention group and the control group (p=0.02). The difference in mean volume of milk on the third day, after intervention compared to before intervention was not significant (p=0.187).
Conclusion Reflexology massage is not effective on milk production in mothers with premature infants.
Materials & Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 30 mothers with premature infants admitted to Shohada Hospital in Quchan city, in 2016, were selected through convenient sampling and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received foot reflexology massage for 3 consecutive days for 20 minutes and the control group received routine care only. The volume of milk was measured before and 30 minutes after massage on the first and third day of the study. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 using Chi-square, independent t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance.
Findings There was no significant difference in the mean volume of milk on the first day after reflex massage between the intervention group and the control group (p=0.79), but on the third day, there was a significant difference in the mean volume of milk after reflex massage between the intervention group and the control group (p=0.02). The difference in mean volume of milk on the third day, after intervention compared to before intervention was not significant (p=0.187).
Conclusion Reflexology massage is not effective on milk production in mothers with premature infants.
CITATION LINKS
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[14]Netshandama VO. Breastfeeding practices of working women. Curationis. 2002;25(1):21-7.
[15]Shariati M, Mamory GH, Khadevarzadeh T. The effect of taking "Shirafza Drops' by mothers on the weight gain of infnts up to the age of six months. J Sabzevar Univ Med Sci. 2004;11(3):20-26.[Persian
[16]Degirmen N, Ozerdogan N, Sayiner D, Kosgeroglu N, Ayranci U. Effectiveness of foot and hand massage in postcesarean pain control in a group of Turkish pregnant women. Appl Nurs Res. 2010;23(3):153-8.
[17]Bastani F, Rouhi Rahim Begloo E, Haghani H. Effect of foot reflexology on anxiety of mothers of high risk neonates undergone cesarean section: A non randomized controlled trial. Hayat. 2015;21(2):81-94. [Persian]
[18]Anne W ,David P. The Complete Guide Integrated Medicine. London: Dorling Kindersley Co; 2000.
[19]Torabi M, Salavati M, Ghahri Sarabi AR. Effects of reflexology foot massage and Benson relaxation on anxiety and physiological parameters of patients candidate for angiography. Sci J Hamadan Nurs Midwifery Fac. 2012;20(1):63-73. [Persian]
[20]Mirzaei F, Kaviani M, Jafari P. Effect of reflexology on anxiety level in nuliparous women. Hayat. 2010;16(1):65-71. [Persian]
[21]Loganayagi K, Sumathi G, Nalini SJ. Effectiveness of reflex zone stimulation on initiation of lactation among the postnatal mothers. J Sci. 2014;4(12):732-5.
[22]Razemjo N, Hafizi Lotfabadi L, Yousefi F, Smaili H, Azizi H, Lotfalezadeh M. Effects of foot reflexology on pain and anxiety in women after cesarean section. Iranian J Obstet Gyneocol Infertil. 2012;15(1):9-17. [Persian]
[23]Esfahani MS, Berenji-Sooghe S, Valiani M, Ehsanpour S. Effect of acupressure on milk volume of breastfeeding mothers referring to selected health care centers in Tehran. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2015;20(1):7-11.
[24]Siu-lan Li. Effect of Foot Reflexology in 217 Parturient Women (Conferance). Beijing International Reflexology Conference. Beijing: China Preventive Medical Association and the Chinese Society of Reflexology;1996.
[25]Xia C, Likeng H, Huayan H, Xiaoli C, Xiaodan L. Application of foot reflexology with traditional Chinese medicine combined with ear acupoint therapy in promoting postpartum rehabilitation of parturients. Mod Clin Nurs. 2010;4:8.
[2]Namakin K, Sharifzadeh GH, Malekizadeh A. To identify the risk factors in prematurity birth in Birjand, Iran: A case-control study. Iran J Epidemiol. 2011;7(3):1-5.
[3]Yildiz A, Arikan D, Gözüm S, Taştekın A, Budancamanak I. The effect of the odor of breast milk on the time needed for transition from gavage to total oral feeding in preterm infants. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2011;43(3):265-73.
[4]Ehrenkranz RA, Dusick AM, Vohr BR, Wright LL, Wrage LA, Poole WK. Growth in the neonatal intensive care unit influences neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 2006;117(4):1253-61.
[5]Schanler RJ, Garza C, Nichols BL. Fortified mothers' milk for very low birth weight infants: results of growth and nutrient balance studies. J Pediatr. 1985;107(3):437-45.
[6]Veghari GH, Rahmati R. Breastfeeding status and some of its related factors in the Golestan Province. Iran J Nurs. 2011;24(71):8-18. [Persian]
[7]Nyqvist KH. Early attainment of breastfeeding competence in very preterm infants. Acta paediatr. 2008;97(6):776-81.
[8]Gholamitabar M, Heidarzadeh M, Sattarzadeh N, Kooshavar H. Performing and evaluation of breast feeding education program on exclusive breastfeeding and growth indices of preterm infant at 4 months after birth. J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2011;13(2):57-62. [Persian]
[9]Hurst N, Meier P, Riordan J. Breastfeeding the preterm infant. In: Riordan J, Wambac K editors.Breastfeeding and human lactation handbook . 4th edition. Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2009.
[10]American Academy of Pediatrics. Breastfeeding handbook for physicians. Washington DC: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2005.
[11]Jain L, Sivieri E, Abbasi S, Bhutani VK. Energetics and mechanics of nutritivesucking in the preterm and term neonate. J Pediatr. 1987;111(6 Pt 1):894-8.
[12]Valizadeh S, Hosseini MB, Asghari Jafarabadi M,Mohebbi L. Comparison of the effect of nutrition in kangaroo mother care and supine positions on gavage residual volume in preterm infants. Evid Based Care J. 2015;5(1):17-24. [Persian]
[13]Tipping L, Mackereth PA. A concept analysis: The effect of reflexology on homeostasis to establish and maintain lactation. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 2000;6(4):189-98.
[14]Netshandama VO. Breastfeeding practices of working women. Curationis. 2002;25(1):21-7.
[15]Shariati M, Mamory GH, Khadevarzadeh T. The effect of taking "Shirafza Drops' by mothers on the weight gain of infnts up to the age of six months. J Sabzevar Univ Med Sci. 2004;11(3):20-26.[Persian
[16]Degirmen N, Ozerdogan N, Sayiner D, Kosgeroglu N, Ayranci U. Effectiveness of foot and hand massage in postcesarean pain control in a group of Turkish pregnant women. Appl Nurs Res. 2010;23(3):153-8.
[17]Bastani F, Rouhi Rahim Begloo E, Haghani H. Effect of foot reflexology on anxiety of mothers of high risk neonates undergone cesarean section: A non randomized controlled trial. Hayat. 2015;21(2):81-94. [Persian]
[18]Anne W ,David P. The Complete Guide Integrated Medicine. London: Dorling Kindersley Co; 2000.
[19]Torabi M, Salavati M, Ghahri Sarabi AR. Effects of reflexology foot massage and Benson relaxation on anxiety and physiological parameters of patients candidate for angiography. Sci J Hamadan Nurs Midwifery Fac. 2012;20(1):63-73. [Persian]
[20]Mirzaei F, Kaviani M, Jafari P. Effect of reflexology on anxiety level in nuliparous women. Hayat. 2010;16(1):65-71. [Persian]
[21]Loganayagi K, Sumathi G, Nalini SJ. Effectiveness of reflex zone stimulation on initiation of lactation among the postnatal mothers. J Sci. 2014;4(12):732-5.
[22]Razemjo N, Hafizi Lotfabadi L, Yousefi F, Smaili H, Azizi H, Lotfalezadeh M. Effects of foot reflexology on pain and anxiety in women after cesarean section. Iranian J Obstet Gyneocol Infertil. 2012;15(1):9-17. [Persian]
[23]Esfahani MS, Berenji-Sooghe S, Valiani M, Ehsanpour S. Effect of acupressure on milk volume of breastfeeding mothers referring to selected health care centers in Tehran. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2015;20(1):7-11.
[24]Siu-lan Li. Effect of Foot Reflexology in 217 Parturient Women (Conferance). Beijing International Reflexology Conference. Beijing: China Preventive Medical Association and the Chinese Society of Reflexology;1996.
[25]Xia C, Likeng H, Huayan H, Xiaoli C, Xiaodan L. Application of foot reflexology with traditional Chinese medicine combined with ear acupoint therapy in promoting postpartum rehabilitation of parturients. Mod Clin Nurs. 2010;4:8.