@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2251-8215 Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2018;2(4):141-146
ISSN: 2251-8215 Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2018;2(4):141-146
Effect of Age and Stress Due to Physical Activity on Blood Cell Count and Red Blood Cell Indices
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Moradi A. (*)Gholami F. (1)
(*) Sarem Women’s Hospital, Tehran, Iran
(1) Sport Physialogy Department, Physical Education & Sport Sciences Faculty, Shahrud University of Technology, Shahrud, Iran
Correspondence
Article History
Received: April 15, 2017Accepted: October 12, 2017
ePublished: November 15, 2018
ABSTRACT
Aims
Because of the importance of age-linked physiological changes and the effects of physical activity on hematological parameters, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of age and hard endurance workouts on blood cell count and erythrocyte indices.
Materials & Methods In this interventional study 87 male volunteers were studied in 3 groups including young (n=30), middle (n=30) and old (n=27) age groups in Sarem hospital (Tehran, Iran). Immediately before and after their endurance activity and during recovery period, hemodynamic factors were measured and 3 blood samples were collected for blood cell count and erythrocyte indices. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for independent groups and repeated measures ANOVA for related groups using SPSS 16 software.
Findings The plasma volume (%) was decreased significantly after hard endurance workouts and increased significantly during recovery period. Endurance activity caused significant increases in all measured factors other than mean cell volume (MCV). However, there were significant decreases in all studied factors after recovery, except MCV, mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). There was no significant difference in responses of hematological factors to the endurance activity and recovery period between different age groups.
Conclusion Age does not affect the responses of hematological factors to the hard endurance workouts and subsequent recovery period.
Materials & Methods In this interventional study 87 male volunteers were studied in 3 groups including young (n=30), middle (n=30) and old (n=27) age groups in Sarem hospital (Tehran, Iran). Immediately before and after their endurance activity and during recovery period, hemodynamic factors were measured and 3 blood samples were collected for blood cell count and erythrocyte indices. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for independent groups and repeated measures ANOVA for related groups using SPSS 16 software.
Findings The plasma volume (%) was decreased significantly after hard endurance workouts and increased significantly during recovery period. Endurance activity caused significant increases in all measured factors other than mean cell volume (MCV). However, there were significant decreases in all studied factors after recovery, except MCV, mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). There was no significant difference in responses of hematological factors to the endurance activity and recovery period between different age groups.
Conclusion Age does not affect the responses of hematological factors to the hard endurance workouts and subsequent recovery period.
Keywords:
Erythrocyte Indices ,
Leukocyte Count ,
Platelets Count ,
Age Groups ,
Physical Activity ,
CITATION LINKS
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[25]Brun JF, Belhabas H, Granat M, Sagnes C, Thoni G, Micallef JP, et al. Postexercise red cell aggregation is negatively correlated with blood lactate rate of disappearance. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2002;26(4):231-9.
[26]Gurcan N, Erbas D, Ergen E, Bilgehan A, Dundar S, Aricioglu A, et al. Changes in blood haemorheological parameters after submaximal exercise in trained and untrained subjects. Physiol Res. 1998;47(1):23-7.
[27]Telford RD, Sly GJ, Hahn AG, Cunningham RB, Bryant C, Smith JA. Footstrike is the major cause of hemolysis during running. J Appl Physiol. 2003;94(1):38-42.
[28]Gornicki A. The hemolysis kinetics of psoriatic red blood cells. Blood Cells, Mol Dis. 2008;41(2):154-7.
[29]Sureda A, Tauler P, Aquilo A, Fuentespina E, Cordova A, Tur JA, et al. Blood cell no synthesis in response to exercise. Nitric Oxide. 2006;15(1):5-12.
[30]Wu HJ, Chen KT, Shee BW, Chang HC, Huang YJ, Yang RS. Effects of 24h ultra-marathon on biochemical and hematological parameters. World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10(18):2711-4.
[2]Ahmadizad S, El Sayed MS. The effects of graded resistance exercise on platelet aggregation and activation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(6):1026-32.
[3]Ahmadizad S, El Sayed MS, Maclaren DP. Responses of platelet activation and function to a single bout of resistance exercise and recovery. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2006;35(1-2):159-68.
[4]Temiz A, Yalcin O, Resmi H, Baskurt OK. Can white blood cell activation be one of the major factors that affect hemorheological parameters during and after exercise?. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2002;26(3):189-93.
[5]Lata H, W alia L. Ageing: Physiological aspects. JK Sci. 2007;9(3):111-5.
[6]Singh MA. Exercise and aging. Clin Geriatr Med. 2004;20(2):201-21.
[7]Bassami M, Ahmadizad S, Doran D, Maclaren DP. Effects of exercise intensity and duration on fat metabolism in trained and untrained older males. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2007;101(4):525-32.
[8]Donato AJ, Uberoi A, Wray DW, Nishiyama S, Lawrenson L, Richardson RS. Differential effects of aging on limb blood flow in humans. Am J physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006;290(1):H272-8.
[9]Herrera MD, Mingorance C, Rodriguez Rodriguez R, Alvarez de Sotomayor M. Endothelial dysfunction and aging: An update. Ageing Res Rev. 2010;9(2):142-52.
[10]Bonilla JF, Narváez R, Chuaire L. Sports as a cause of oxidative stress and hemolysis. Colombia Med. 2005;36(4):275-80. [Spanish]
[11]Shaskey DJ, Green GA. Sports haematology. Sports Med. 2000;29(1):27-38.
[12]Senturk UK, Gunduz F, Kuru O, Kocer G, Ozkaya YG, Yesilkaya A, et al. Exercise-induced oxidative stress leads hemolysis in sedentary but not trained humans. J Appl Physiol. 2005;99(4):1434-41.
[13]Ajmani RS, Rifkind JM. Hemorheological changes during human aging. Gerontol. 1998;44(2):111-20.
[14]Coppola L, Caserta F, De Lucia D, Guastafierro S, Grassia A, Coppola A, et al. Blood viscosity and aging. Arch Gerontol Geriat. 2000;31(1):35-42.
[15]Kovacs A, Szikszai Z, Varady E, Imre S. Study on the hemorheological parameters of oldest-old residents in the East-Hungarian city, Debrecen. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2006;35(1-2):83-8.
[16]Santos Silva A, Rebelo MI, Castro EMB, Belo L, Guerra A, Rego C, et al. Leukocyte activation, erythrocyte damage, lipid profile and oxidative stress imposed by high competition physical exercise in adolescents. Clin Chim Acta. 2001;306(1-2):119-26.
[17]Cywinska A, Szarska E, Kowalska A, Ostaszewski P, Schollenberger A. Gender differences in exercise–induced intravascular haemolysis during race training in thoroughbred horses. Res Vet Sci. 2011;90(1):133-7.
[18]Ahmadizad S, El Sayed MS. The acute effects of resistance exercise on the main determinants of blood rheology. J Sports Sci. 2005;23(3):243-9.
[19]Ahmadizad S, El sayed MS, Bassami M, Maclaren DP. Effects of resistance exercise intensity on the main Determinants of blood rheology. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2004;9(2):69-71.
[20]Brun JF. Exercise hemorheology as a three acts play with metabolic actors: Is it of clinical relevance?. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2002;26(3):155-74.
[21]Dill DB, Costill DL. Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration. J Appli Physiol. 1974;37(2):247-8.
[22]Taddei S, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, Versari D, Salvetti A. Endothelium, aging, and hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2006;8(1):84-9.
[23]Iemitsu M, Maeda S, Otsuki T, Sugawara J, Kuno S, Ajisaka R, et al. Arterial stiffness, physical activity, and atrial natriuretic Peptide gene polymorphism in older subjects. Hypertens Res. 2008;31(4):767-74.
[24]Nageswari K, Banerjee R, Gupte RV, Puniyani RR. Effects of exercise on rheological and microcirculatory parameters. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2000;23(2-4):243-7.
[25]Brun JF, Belhabas H, Granat M, Sagnes C, Thoni G, Micallef JP, et al. Postexercise red cell aggregation is negatively correlated with blood lactate rate of disappearance. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2002;26(4):231-9.
[26]Gurcan N, Erbas D, Ergen E, Bilgehan A, Dundar S, Aricioglu A, et al. Changes in blood haemorheological parameters after submaximal exercise in trained and untrained subjects. Physiol Res. 1998;47(1):23-7.
[27]Telford RD, Sly GJ, Hahn AG, Cunningham RB, Bryant C, Smith JA. Footstrike is the major cause of hemolysis during running. J Appl Physiol. 2003;94(1):38-42.
[28]Gornicki A. The hemolysis kinetics of psoriatic red blood cells. Blood Cells, Mol Dis. 2008;41(2):154-7.
[29]Sureda A, Tauler P, Aquilo A, Fuentespina E, Cordova A, Tur JA, et al. Blood cell no synthesis in response to exercise. Nitric Oxide. 2006;15(1):5-12.
[30]Wu HJ, Chen KT, Shee BW, Chang HC, Huang YJ, Yang RS. Effects of 24h ultra-marathon on biochemical and hematological parameters. World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10(18):2711-4.