@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2015;7(2):81-89
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2015;7(2):81-89
Situation of Orthotics and Prosthetics Usage in Adolescent Victims of Landmines and Unexploded Ordnances
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Masoumi M. (1 )Kamyab M. (2 )
Alami M. (* )
Yavari A. (1 )
Soroush M.R. (1 )
Khateri S. (1 )
Mohsenzadegan A. (1 )
Modirian E. (3 )
(* ) Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
(1 ) Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
(2 ) Orthotics & Prosthetics Department, Rehabilitation Sciences School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
(3 ) Emergency Department, Medical Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), No. 17, Farokh Street, Moghadas Ardabili Street, Yaman Street, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, IranPhone: +982122416699
Fax: +982122416699
iranassistive@gmail.com
Article History
Received: December 15, 2014Accepted: February 18, 2015
ePublished: April 20, 2015
ABSTRACT
Aims
Children are more vulnerable to the risks of the landmines and unexploded ordnances. Due to the smaller organs and less resistance to the accident and trauma, the physical injuries in the children are more severe than adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the problems of upper and lower limbs and used orthotics and prosthetics in Iranian adolescent survivors of landmines and unexploded ordnances.
Materials & Methods In this cross-sectional study, all (78 persons) less than 18 years old adolescents of 5 border provinces of Iran (West Azerbaijan, Kermanshah, Khuzestan, Ilam, and Kurdistan) that injured by landmines and unexploded ammunitions were studied in a health monitoring camp in December 2009 and January 2010. Demographic data were collected by a self-designed demographic questionnaire. Clinical examinations were done by orthopedic specialist and technical orthopedics. The statistical data analysis was done using SPSS 22 software by χ2 test.
Findings The mean age of samples was 16.11±11.99 years, the mean height was 165.00±10.47cm and the mean weight was 54.25±12.74kg. 41 adolescents (52.56%) had amputation. 38 victims (48.71%) required prosthetics, 18 (23.1%) required orthotics and 8 (10.25%) required other assistive mobility devices. 21 victims (26.92%) were using assistive mobility devices 15 of them (71.42%) had satisfaction lower than the average.
Conclusion The low level of satisfaction indicates the need of more attention to the education, health programs and rehabilitation for raising victims awareness and knowledge in the using of assistive mobility devices.
Materials & Methods In this cross-sectional study, all (78 persons) less than 18 years old adolescents of 5 border provinces of Iran (West Azerbaijan, Kermanshah, Khuzestan, Ilam, and Kurdistan) that injured by landmines and unexploded ammunitions were studied in a health monitoring camp in December 2009 and January 2010. Demographic data were collected by a self-designed demographic questionnaire. Clinical examinations were done by orthopedic specialist and technical orthopedics. The statistical data analysis was done using SPSS 22 software by χ2 test.
Findings The mean age of samples was 16.11±11.99 years, the mean height was 165.00±10.47cm and the mean weight was 54.25±12.74kg. 41 adolescents (52.56%) had amputation. 38 victims (48.71%) required prosthetics, 18 (23.1%) required orthotics and 8 (10.25%) required other assistive mobility devices. 21 victims (26.92%) were using assistive mobility devices 15 of them (71.42%) had satisfaction lower than the average.
Conclusion The low level of satisfaction indicates the need of more attention to the education, health programs and rehabilitation for raising victims awareness and knowledge in the using of assistive mobility devices.
CITATION LINKS
[1]Kakar F, Bassani F, Romer CJ, Gunn SW. The consequence of land mines on public health. Prehosp Disaster Med. 1996;11(1):2-10.
[2]Mousavi B, Ganjparvar Z, Soroush M, Khateri Sh, Shokoohi H, Montazeri A. Life satisfaction in children survivors of landmine and unexploded ordnance. Med Daneshvar. 2013;21(107):15-22. [Persian]
[3]Asadollahi R, Saghafinia M, Nafissi N, Montazeri A, Asadollahi M, Khatami M . Anxiety, depression and health-related quality of life in those injured by landmines, Ilam, Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J. 2010;16(11):1108-14.
[4]Soroush A, Falahati F, Zargar M, Soroush M, Khateri S, Khaji A. Amputations due to landmine and unexploded ordinances in post-war Iran. Arch Iranian Med. 2008;11(6):595–7.
[5]Jahunlu HR, Husum H, Wisborg T. Mortality in land-mine accidents in Iran. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2002;17(2):107-9.
[6]Lekfuangfu WN. Mortality risk and human capital investment: The legacy of landmines in Cambodia; 2013. Available from: http://webmeets.com/files/papers/res/2014/646/Paper_The%20Legacy%20of%20Landmines%20in%20Cambodia_v101013.pdf
[7]Ganjparvar Z, Mousavi B, Soroush M, Shokoohi H, Khateri S, Montazeri A. Quality of life among children survivors of land mine and explosive remnants of war. Med Daneshvar. 2012;19(96):11-8.
[8]Esfandiari E, Masoumi M, Yavari A, Saeedi H, Allami M. Efficacy of long-term outcomes and prosthesis satisfaction in war related above knee amputees of Tehran in 2008. J Res Rehabil Sci. 2011;7(1):1-8.
[9]Pasquina PF, Tsao JW, Collins DM, Chan BL, Charrow A, Karmarkar AM, et al. Quality of medical care provided to service members with combat-related limb amputations: Report of patient satisfaction. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2008;45(7):953-60.
[10]Bir C, Barbir A, Dosquet F, Wilhelm M, van der Horst M, Wolfe G. Validation of lower limb surrogates as injury assessment tools in floor impacts due to anti-vehicular land mines. Milit Med. 2008;173(12):1180-4.
[11]Gailey R, McFarland LV, Cooper RA, Czerniecki J, Gambel JM, Hubbard S, et al. Unilateral lower-limb loss: Prosthetic device use and functional outcomes in service members from Vietnam war and OIF/OEF conflicts. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2010;47(4):317-31.
[12]Shahriar Sh. Training booklet for physicians’ health monitoring (particularly on lower limb amputee’s veterans). Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care Foundation; 2011. Available from: www.isaarsci.ir/PHYSICIAN%20folder/physcicianarticle/physician%20ebook/sciebook11.pdf. [Persian]
[13]Yavari A, Esfandiari E, Masoumi M, Saeedi H, Allami M. Consideration of chronic pain and current prosthetic satisfaction in above knee amputees. Iran J War Public Health. 2011;3(2):53-8.
[14]Reiber GE, McFarland LV, Hubbard S, Maynard C, Blough DK, Gambel JM, et al. Service members and veterans with major traumatic limb loss from Vietnam war and OIF/OEF conflicts: Survey methods, participants, and summary findings. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2010;47(4):275-97.
[15]Karmarkar AM, Collins DM, Wichman T, Franklin A, Fitzgerald SG, Dicianno BE, et al. Prosthesis and wheelchair use in veterans with lower-limb amputation. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2009;46(5):567-76.
[16]Hagberg K, Brånemark R, Hägg O. Questionnaire for persons with a transfemoral amputation (Q-TFA): Initial validity and reliability of a new outcome measure. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2004;41(5):695-706.
[17]Kolata G. Close look at orthotics raises a welter of doubts [Internet]. New York Times [Published 2001, 17 January; Cited 2014, 22 October]. Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/18/health/nutrition/18best.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
[18]Davidson J. A survey of the satisfaction of upper limb amputees with their prostheses, their lifestyles, and their abilities. J Hand Ther. 2002;15(1):62-70.
[19]Shabila NP, Taha HI, Al-Hadithi TS. Landmine injuries at the emergency management center in Erbil, Iraq. Conflict Health. 2010;4:15.
[20]Surrency AB, Graitcer PL, Henderson AK. Key factors for civilian injuries and deaths from exploding landmines and ordnance. Inj Prev. 2007;13(3):197-201.
[21]Bendinelli C. Effects of land mines and unexploded ordnance on the pediatric population and comparison with adults in rural Cambodia. World J Surg. 2009;33(5):1070-4.
[22]Can M1, Yildirimcan H, Ozkalipci O, Melek M, Edirne Y, Bicer U, et al. Landmine associated injuries in children in Turkey. J Forensic Leg Med. 2009;16(8):464-8.
[23]Rezai N, Mousavi B, Masoumi M, Sourosh MR, Baghbani A. Pattern of activity of daily living in war related lower extremities amputation: A result of a national project from Iran. Iran J War Public Health. 2009;1(2):73-81.
[24]Boyce W. Adaptation of community based rehabilitation in areas of armed conflict. Asia Pacific Disabil Rehabil J. 2003;(19). Available from: http://mail.disabilityworld.org/06-08_03/news/cbradaptation.shtml.
[25]Santos JLF, Lebrão ML, Duarte YAO, Lima FD. Functional performance of the elderly in instrumental activities of daily living: an analysis in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil. Cadernos de Saúde Pública. 2008;24(4):879-86.
[26]Duarte YA, Lebrão ML, Lima FD. The contribution of living arrangements in the provision of care for elderly persons with functional impairments in São Paulo, Brazil. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2005;17(5-6):370-8. [Portuguese]
[27]Kamali Ardakani M, Tahmasebi T. Evaluating the effect of silicon liner on quality of gait in Transtibial amputees: A review of literature. Bimonth J Res Rehabil Sci. 2013;9(1):133-42.
[28]Dillingham TR, Pezzin LE, Mackenzie EJ, Burgess AR. Use and satisfaction with prosthetic devices among persons with trauma-related amputations: A long-term outcome study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;80(8):563-71.
[29]Sherman RA. Utilization of prostheses among US veterans with traumatic amputation: A pilot survey. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1999;36(2):100-8.
[30]Zhou H, Yamauchi T, Natsuhara K, Yan Z, Lin H, Ichimaru N, et al. Overweight in urban school children assessed by body mass and body fat mass in Dalian. J Physiol Anthropol. 2006;25(1):41-8.
[2]Mousavi B, Ganjparvar Z, Soroush M, Khateri Sh, Shokoohi H, Montazeri A. Life satisfaction in children survivors of landmine and unexploded ordnance. Med Daneshvar. 2013;21(107):15-22. [Persian]
[3]Asadollahi R, Saghafinia M, Nafissi N, Montazeri A, Asadollahi M, Khatami M . Anxiety, depression and health-related quality of life in those injured by landmines, Ilam, Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J. 2010;16(11):1108-14.
[4]Soroush A, Falahati F, Zargar M, Soroush M, Khateri S, Khaji A. Amputations due to landmine and unexploded ordinances in post-war Iran. Arch Iranian Med. 2008;11(6):595–7.
[5]Jahunlu HR, Husum H, Wisborg T. Mortality in land-mine accidents in Iran. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2002;17(2):107-9.
[6]Lekfuangfu WN. Mortality risk and human capital investment: The legacy of landmines in Cambodia; 2013. Available from: http://webmeets.com/files/papers/res/2014/646/Paper_The%20Legacy%20of%20Landmines%20in%20Cambodia_v101013.pdf
[7]Ganjparvar Z, Mousavi B, Soroush M, Shokoohi H, Khateri S, Montazeri A. Quality of life among children survivors of land mine and explosive remnants of war. Med Daneshvar. 2012;19(96):11-8.
[8]Esfandiari E, Masoumi M, Yavari A, Saeedi H, Allami M. Efficacy of long-term outcomes and prosthesis satisfaction in war related above knee amputees of Tehran in 2008. J Res Rehabil Sci. 2011;7(1):1-8.
[9]Pasquina PF, Tsao JW, Collins DM, Chan BL, Charrow A, Karmarkar AM, et al. Quality of medical care provided to service members with combat-related limb amputations: Report of patient satisfaction. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2008;45(7):953-60.
[10]Bir C, Barbir A, Dosquet F, Wilhelm M, van der Horst M, Wolfe G. Validation of lower limb surrogates as injury assessment tools in floor impacts due to anti-vehicular land mines. Milit Med. 2008;173(12):1180-4.
[11]Gailey R, McFarland LV, Cooper RA, Czerniecki J, Gambel JM, Hubbard S, et al. Unilateral lower-limb loss: Prosthetic device use and functional outcomes in service members from Vietnam war and OIF/OEF conflicts. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2010;47(4):317-31.
[12]Shahriar Sh. Training booklet for physicians’ health monitoring (particularly on lower limb amputee’s veterans). Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care Foundation; 2011. Available from: www.isaarsci.ir/PHYSICIAN%20folder/physcicianarticle/physician%20ebook/sciebook11.pdf. [Persian]
[13]Yavari A, Esfandiari E, Masoumi M, Saeedi H, Allami M. Consideration of chronic pain and current prosthetic satisfaction in above knee amputees. Iran J War Public Health. 2011;3(2):53-8.
[14]Reiber GE, McFarland LV, Hubbard S, Maynard C, Blough DK, Gambel JM, et al. Service members and veterans with major traumatic limb loss from Vietnam war and OIF/OEF conflicts: Survey methods, participants, and summary findings. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2010;47(4):275-97.
[15]Karmarkar AM, Collins DM, Wichman T, Franklin A, Fitzgerald SG, Dicianno BE, et al. Prosthesis and wheelchair use in veterans with lower-limb amputation. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2009;46(5):567-76.
[16]Hagberg K, Brånemark R, Hägg O. Questionnaire for persons with a transfemoral amputation (Q-TFA): Initial validity and reliability of a new outcome measure. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2004;41(5):695-706.
[17]Kolata G. Close look at orthotics raises a welter of doubts [Internet]. New York Times [Published 2001, 17 January; Cited 2014, 22 October]. Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/18/health/nutrition/18best.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
[18]Davidson J. A survey of the satisfaction of upper limb amputees with their prostheses, their lifestyles, and their abilities. J Hand Ther. 2002;15(1):62-70.
[19]Shabila NP, Taha HI, Al-Hadithi TS. Landmine injuries at the emergency management center in Erbil, Iraq. Conflict Health. 2010;4:15.
[20]Surrency AB, Graitcer PL, Henderson AK. Key factors for civilian injuries and deaths from exploding landmines and ordnance. Inj Prev. 2007;13(3):197-201.
[21]Bendinelli C. Effects of land mines and unexploded ordnance on the pediatric population and comparison with adults in rural Cambodia. World J Surg. 2009;33(5):1070-4.
[22]Can M1, Yildirimcan H, Ozkalipci O, Melek M, Edirne Y, Bicer U, et al. Landmine associated injuries in children in Turkey. J Forensic Leg Med. 2009;16(8):464-8.
[23]Rezai N, Mousavi B, Masoumi M, Sourosh MR, Baghbani A. Pattern of activity of daily living in war related lower extremities amputation: A result of a national project from Iran. Iran J War Public Health. 2009;1(2):73-81.
[24]Boyce W. Adaptation of community based rehabilitation in areas of armed conflict. Asia Pacific Disabil Rehabil J. 2003;(19). Available from: http://mail.disabilityworld.org/06-08_03/news/cbradaptation.shtml.
[25]Santos JLF, Lebrão ML, Duarte YAO, Lima FD. Functional performance of the elderly in instrumental activities of daily living: an analysis in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil. Cadernos de Saúde Pública. 2008;24(4):879-86.
[26]Duarte YA, Lebrão ML, Lima FD. The contribution of living arrangements in the provision of care for elderly persons with functional impairments in São Paulo, Brazil. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2005;17(5-6):370-8. [Portuguese]
[27]Kamali Ardakani M, Tahmasebi T. Evaluating the effect of silicon liner on quality of gait in Transtibial amputees: A review of literature. Bimonth J Res Rehabil Sci. 2013;9(1):133-42.
[28]Dillingham TR, Pezzin LE, Mackenzie EJ, Burgess AR. Use and satisfaction with prosthetic devices among persons with trauma-related amputations: A long-term outcome study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;80(8):563-71.
[29]Sherman RA. Utilization of prostheses among US veterans with traumatic amputation: A pilot survey. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1999;36(2):100-8.
[30]Zhou H, Yamauchi T, Natsuhara K, Yan Z, Lin H, Ichimaru N, et al. Overweight in urban school children assessed by body mass and body fat mass in Dalian. J Physiol Anthropol. 2006;25(1):41-8.