@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2015;7(3):157-165
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2015;7(3):157-165
Mortality Causes in Adult and Elderly Iranian Male Veterans
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Descriptive & Survey StudyAuthors
Karimi A. (1)Sahaf R. (*)
Taghavi N. (2)
Rasafiani M. (3)
Aliakbari Kamrani A. (4)
Khosravi A. (5)
Emadi N. (6)
Karimi R. (7)
(*) “Iranian Research Center on Ageing” and “Ageing Department”, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
(1) Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
(2) Nursing Department, Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
(3) “Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center” and “Occupational Therapy Department”, , University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
(4) “Iranian Research Center on Ageing” and “Ageing Department”, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
(5) Technology and Information Management Department of Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
(6) Dermatology Department, Medicine Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
(7) Physical Education Department, Physical Education Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Research Center of Psychosocial Issues of Ageing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Koodakyar Ave., Evin Blvd., Yaman Str., Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran. Postal Code: 1985713831Phone: +982122180083
Fax: +982122180109
robabsahaf@gmail.com
Article History
Received: April 6, 2015Accepted: August 10, 2015
ePublished: August 25, 2015
ABSTRACT
Aims
Recognizing the causes of mortality is one of the most important issues that take the mind of policymakers and the health systems’ managers. Aging, alone, is the most important predicting parameter of death in populations. Subsequent injuries of war can affect life expectancy and reduce it. The object of this study was determining the causes of death in middle age and elderly in Iranian veterans in 2008.
Information & Methods This descriptive study was done on medical files of more than 40-year old veterans who have died in 2008 and their files were analyzed in article No. 15 commission of Martyrs and Veterans Foundation. Data were entered to SPSS 18 statistical software and were analyzed.
Findings The mortality rate of more than 40-year old veterans was 4.67 in 1000 persons. 8 main causes of death were cardiovascular diseases in 483 cases (34.9%), unintentional injuries in 289 cases (20.9%), cancers and tumors in 224 cases (16.2%), respiratory diseases in 46 cases (3.3%), gastrointestinal diseases in 41 cases (3%), infectious diseases in 32 cases (2.3%), pulmonary diseases in 30 cases (2.2%) and urinary tract diseases in 29 cases (2.1%), respectively.
Conclusion Mortality rate of veterans is lower than general population and deaths from accidents among veterans are more common than deaths from cancers and tumors.
Information & Methods This descriptive study was done on medical files of more than 40-year old veterans who have died in 2008 and their files were analyzed in article No. 15 commission of Martyrs and Veterans Foundation. Data were entered to SPSS 18 statistical software and were analyzed.
Findings The mortality rate of more than 40-year old veterans was 4.67 in 1000 persons. 8 main causes of death were cardiovascular diseases in 483 cases (34.9%), unintentional injuries in 289 cases (20.9%), cancers and tumors in 224 cases (16.2%), respiratory diseases in 46 cases (3.3%), gastrointestinal diseases in 41 cases (3%), infectious diseases in 32 cases (2.3%), pulmonary diseases in 30 cases (2.2%) and urinary tract diseases in 29 cases (2.1%), respectively.
Conclusion Mortality rate of veterans is lower than general population and deaths from accidents among veterans are more common than deaths from cancers and tumors.
CITATION LINKS
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[2]Togunu-Bickersteth F. Chronological definitions and expectations of old age among young adults in Nigeria. J Aging Stud. 1987;1(2):113-24.
[3]World Health Organization. Global age-friendly cities: A guide. London: WHO Books; 2007.
[4]World Health Organization. World report on ageing and health 2015. Available from: http://www.who.int/ageing/en/
[5]Iran SCo. Selected results of the General Census of Population and Housing in 2011. Tehran: Statistical Center of Iran; 2012.
[6]Mirzaei M, Shams MF. Iranian elderlies investigation from 1956 to 2006. Salmand. 2007;2(5):326-31. [Persian]
[7]Amini R, Haghani H, Masoumi M, Nakhaee M. Health related quality of life and daily activities in the middle aged and old age war survivors with blindness. Iran J War Public Health. 2008;1(2):24-35. [Persian]
[8]Kashdan TB, Morina N, Priebe S. Post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and depression in survivors of the Kosovo War: Experiential avoidance as a contributor to distress and quality of life. J Anxiety Disord. 2009;23(2):185-96.
[9]Hiro D. The longest war: The Iran-Iraq military conflict. Routledge; Reprint edition; 1990.
[10]Crane PJ, Barnard DL, Horsley KW, Adena MA. Mortality of Vietnam veterans: the veteran cohort study: A report of the 1996 retrospective cohort study of Australian Vietnam veterans. Vietnam Veterans Associations; 1997.
[11]Kang HK, Bullman TA. Mortality among U.S. veterans of the Persian Gulf War. N Engl J Med. 1996;335(20):1498-504.
[12]Helmkamp JC, Kennedy RD. Causes of death among U.S. military personnel: A 14-year summary, 1980-1993. Mil Med. 1996;161(6):311-7.
[13]Boscarino JA. Posttraumatic stress disorder and mortality among U.S. Army veterans 30 years after military service. Ann Epidemiol. 2006;16(4):248-56.
[14]Kang HK, Bullman TA. Mortality among US Veterans of the Persian Gulf War: 7-Year Follow-up. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;154(5):399-405.
[15]Macfarlane GJ, Hotopf M, Maconochie M, Blatchley N, Richards A, Lunt M. Long-term mortality amongst Gulf War Veterans: is there a relationship with experiences during deployment and subsequent morbidity? Int J Epidemiol. 2005;34:1403-8.
[16]Macfarlane GJ, Biggs AM, Maconochie N, Hotopf M, Doyle P, Lunt M. Incidence of cancer among UK Gulf war veterans: Cohort study. BMJ. 2003;327(7428):1373.
[17]Boscarino JA. External-cause mortality after psychologic trauma: the effects of stress exposure and predisposition. Compr Psychiatry. 2006;47(6):503-14.
[18]Ghanei M, Assari Sh, Alaeddini F, Tavallaie SA. Pattern of delayed mortality in I.R.IRAN veterans exposed to chemical warfare agents. J Mil Med. 2005;6(4):233-9. [Persian]
[19]Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran; 1979. Available from: http://www.iranonline.com/iran/iran-info/government/constitution.html.
[20]Employment and social facilities of the veterans Act in 1995 [Internet]. Employment policy, promotion of employment and employment services [Cited 1995, September 28]; 1995.
[21]Rashidian A, Karimi-Shahanjarini A, Khosravi A, Elahi E, Beheshtian M, Shakibazadeh E, et al. Iran's multiple indicator demographic and health survey-2010: Study protocol. Int J Prev Med. 2014;5(5):632-42.
[22]Xu J, Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Tejada-Vera B. Deaths: Final data for 2007. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2010;58(19):1-135.
[23]Heron M. Deaths: Leading causes for 2008. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2012;60(6):1-94.
[24]Kochanek KD, Xu J, Murphy SL, Miniño AM, Kung HC. Deaths: Preliminary data for 2009. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2011;59(4):1-51.
[25]Murphy SL, Xu J, Kochanek KD. Deaths: Final data for 2010. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2013;61(4):1-118.