@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2016;8(1):1-8
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2016;8(1):1-8
Effect of the Selected Balance Program on Postural Control of Amputees under Manipulation of Visual, Vestibular and Proprioceptive Systems
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Mohamadtaghi B. (*)Hejazi Dinan P. (1)
Shamsipour Dehkordi P. (1)
(*) Physical Education Department, Physical Education & Sport Sciences Faculty, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
(1) Physical Education Department, Physical Education & Sport Sciences Faculty, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Address: No. 2, Abshar Street, Mojen. Shahroud. Postal Code: 3651713543Phone: +982332573821
Fax: +982188041468
batol.mohamadtaghi@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: November 17, 2015Accepted: February 9, 2016
ePublished: April 3, 2016
ABSTRACT
Aims
Exercise therapy intervening methods are used by physical medicine and rehabilitation therapists to increase the capability to keep balance and independent functioning in the lower limb amputees. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the selective balance program on postural control in the lower limb amputees under manipulation of visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive sensory systems.
Materials & Methods In the semi-experimental study, 14 amputees with under the knee amputation referred to Tehran Red Crescent Rehabilitation Center were studied in …. The subjects selected via available sampling method were divided into two 7-person groups including “control” and “selective postural” groups. Sensory organization test was used to assess postural control and balance of the subjects by computerized dynamic posturography system. Data was analyzed by SPSS 19 software using composed factor ANOVA with repeated measures and Bonferroni post-hoc test.
Findings There was an increase in the balance and postural control in the posttest step in exercise therapy group than control group. In the posttest step in postural group, alignment and strategy scores of the first (presence of visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive senses) and the second (elimination of vision and manipulation of vestibular and proprioceptive senses) situations were higher than other situations, while the score of displacement of the center of gravity in the mentioned situations was less than other situations. In the posttest step in postural group, postural and strategy scores and the score of displacement of the center of gravity in the sixth (manipulation of vestibular and proprioceptive senses) situation were less and higher than other situations, respectively.
Conclusion A course of selective exercise therapy program leads to a reduction in the displacement amplitude and an enhancement in alignment, as well as an increase in strategy, in persons with under the knee amputation, showing increases in balance and postural control.
Materials & Methods In the semi-experimental study, 14 amputees with under the knee amputation referred to Tehran Red Crescent Rehabilitation Center were studied in …. The subjects selected via available sampling method were divided into two 7-person groups including “control” and “selective postural” groups. Sensory organization test was used to assess postural control and balance of the subjects by computerized dynamic posturography system. Data was analyzed by SPSS 19 software using composed factor ANOVA with repeated measures and Bonferroni post-hoc test.
Findings There was an increase in the balance and postural control in the posttest step in exercise therapy group than control group. In the posttest step in postural group, alignment and strategy scores of the first (presence of visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive senses) and the second (elimination of vision and manipulation of vestibular and proprioceptive senses) situations were higher than other situations, while the score of displacement of the center of gravity in the mentioned situations was less than other situations. In the posttest step in postural group, postural and strategy scores and the score of displacement of the center of gravity in the sixth (manipulation of vestibular and proprioceptive senses) situation were less and higher than other situations, respectively.
Conclusion A course of selective exercise therapy program leads to a reduction in the displacement amplitude and an enhancement in alignment, as well as an increase in strategy, in persons with under the knee amputation, showing increases in balance and postural control.
CITATION LINKS
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[2]Kavounoudias A, Tremblay C, Gravel D, Iancu A, Forget R. Bilateral changes in somatosensory sensibility after unilateral below-knee amputation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86(4):633-40.
[3]Bamman MM, Hill VJ, Adams GR, Haddad F, Wetzstein CJ, Gower BA, et al. Gender differences in resistance- training- induced myofiber hypertrophy among older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003;58(2):108-16.
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[8]Matjaĉić Z, Burger H. Dynamic balance training during standing in people with trans-tibial amputation: A pilot study. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2003;27(3):214-20.
[9]Shumway-Cook A, Patla AE, Stewart A, Ferrucci L, Ciol MA, Guralnik JM. Environmental demands associated with community mobility in older adults with and without mobility disabilities. Phys Ther. 2002;82(7):670-81.
[10]Barnett CT, Vanicek N, Polman RC. Postural responses during volitional and perturbed dynamic balance tasks in new lower limb amputees: A longitudinal study. Gait Posture. 2013;37(3):319-25.
[11]Lee S, Hong J. The effect of prosthetic ankle mobility in the sagittal plane on the gait of transfemoral amputees wearing a stance phase controlled knee prosthesis. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2009;223(2):263-71.
[12]Brown AP. Reducing falls in elderly people: A review of exercise interventions. J Phys Ther. 1999;15(2):59-68.
[13]Cumberworth VL, Patel NN, Rogers W, Kenyon GS. The maturation of balance in children. J Laryngol Otol. 2007;121(5):449-54.
[14]Ferber-Viart C, Ionescu E, Morlet T, Froehlich P, Dubreuil C. Balance in healthy individuals assessed with Equitest: Maturation and normative data for children and young adults. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2007;71(7):1041-6.
[15]Rinaldi NM, Polastri PF, Barela JA. Age-related changes in postural control sensory reweighting. Neurosci Lett. 2009;467(3):225-9.
[16]Sawers A, Ting LH. Beam walking can detect differences in walking balance proficiency across a range of sensorimotor abilities. Gait Posture. 2015;41(2):619-23.
[17]Mohieldin AM, Ambalavanan C, Ramar S, Waleed AB. Quantitative assessment of postural stability and balance between persons with lower limb amputation and normal subjects by using dynamic posturography. Mac J Med Sci. 2010;3(2):138-43.
[18]Sethy D, Kujur ES, Sau K. Effect of balance exercise on balance control in unilateral lower limb amputees. Indian J Occup Ther. 2009;7(3):63-8.
[19]Siriett V, Salerno MS, Berry C, Nicholas G, Bower R, Kambadur R, et al. Antagonism of myostatin enhances muscle regeneration during sarcopenia. Mol Ther. 2007;15(8):1463-70.
[20]Carlson CJ, Booth FW, Gordon SE. Skeletal muscle myostatin mRNA expression is fiber- type specific and increases during hindlimb unloading. Am J Physiol. 1999;277(2 Pt 2):R601-6.
[21]Bolger D, Ting LH, Sawers A. Individuals with transtibial limb loss use interlimb force asymmetries to maintain multi-directional reactive balance control. Clinical Biomechanics. 2014;29(9):1039-47.
[22]Ku PX, Abu Osman NA, Wan Abas WA. Balance control in lower extremity amputees during quiet standing: A systematic review. Gait Posture. 2014;39(2):672-82.
[23]Vrieling AH, van Keeken HG, Schoppen T, Otten E, Hof AL, Halbertsma JP, et al. Balance control on a moving platform in unilateral lower limb amputees. Gait Posture. 2008;28(2):222-8.
[24]Dornan J, Fernie GR, Holliday PJ. Visual input: Its importance in the control of postural sway. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1978;59(12):586-91.
[25]Nadollek H, Brauer S. Isles R. Outcomes after trans-tibial amputation: the relationship between quiet stance ability, strength of hip abductor muscles and gait. Physiother Res Int. 2002;7(4):203-14.
[26]Duclos C, Roll R, Kavounoudias A, Mongeau JP, Roll JP, Forget R. Postural changes after sustained neck muscle contraction in persons with a lower leg amputation. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2009;19(4):e214-22.
[27]Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott M. Attentional demands and postural control: The effect of sensory context. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2000;55(1):M10-6.
[28]Shumway-Cook A, Matsuda PN, Taylor C. Investigating the validity of the environmental framework underlying the original and modified Dynamic Gait Index. Phys Ther. 2015;95(6):864-70.
[29]Benjuya A, Melzer I, Kaplanski J. Aging-induced shifts from the reliance on sensory input to muscle co-contraction during balanced standing. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2004;59(2):166-71.
[30]Peterka RJ. Sensorimotor integration in human postural control. J Neurophysiol. 2002;88(3):1097-118.
[2]Kavounoudias A, Tremblay C, Gravel D, Iancu A, Forget R. Bilateral changes in somatosensory sensibility after unilateral below-knee amputation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86(4):633-40.
[3]Bamman MM, Hill VJ, Adams GR, Haddad F, Wetzstein CJ, Gower BA, et al. Gender differences in resistance- training- induced myofiber hypertrophy among older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003;58(2):108-16.
[4]Kamali M, Qaderi M, Karimi M. Visual effects on people with amputations below the knee Station balance. Urmia Med J. 2014;25(9):845-52.
[5]Geurts AC, Mulder TW, Nienhuis B, Rijken RA. Postural reorganization following lower limb amputation Possible motor and sensory determinants of recovery. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1992;24(2):83-90.
[6]Viton JM1, Mouchnino L, Mille ML, Cincera M, Delarque A, Pedotti A, et al. Equilibrium and movement control strategies in trans-tibial amputees. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2000;24(2):108-16.
[7]Moradi Y, Behpoor N, Ghaeeni S, Shamsakohan P. Effects of 8 weeks aquatic exercise on static balance in veterans with unilateral lower limb amputation. Iran J War Public Health. 2014;6(2):27-34. [Persian]
[8]Matjaĉić Z, Burger H. Dynamic balance training during standing in people with trans-tibial amputation: A pilot study. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2003;27(3):214-20.
[9]Shumway-Cook A, Patla AE, Stewart A, Ferrucci L, Ciol MA, Guralnik JM. Environmental demands associated with community mobility in older adults with and without mobility disabilities. Phys Ther. 2002;82(7):670-81.
[10]Barnett CT, Vanicek N, Polman RC. Postural responses during volitional and perturbed dynamic balance tasks in new lower limb amputees: A longitudinal study. Gait Posture. 2013;37(3):319-25.
[11]Lee S, Hong J. The effect of prosthetic ankle mobility in the sagittal plane on the gait of transfemoral amputees wearing a stance phase controlled knee prosthesis. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2009;223(2):263-71.
[12]Brown AP. Reducing falls in elderly people: A review of exercise interventions. J Phys Ther. 1999;15(2):59-68.
[13]Cumberworth VL, Patel NN, Rogers W, Kenyon GS. The maturation of balance in children. J Laryngol Otol. 2007;121(5):449-54.
[14]Ferber-Viart C, Ionescu E, Morlet T, Froehlich P, Dubreuil C. Balance in healthy individuals assessed with Equitest: Maturation and normative data for children and young adults. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2007;71(7):1041-6.
[15]Rinaldi NM, Polastri PF, Barela JA. Age-related changes in postural control sensory reweighting. Neurosci Lett. 2009;467(3):225-9.
[16]Sawers A, Ting LH. Beam walking can detect differences in walking balance proficiency across a range of sensorimotor abilities. Gait Posture. 2015;41(2):619-23.
[17]Mohieldin AM, Ambalavanan C, Ramar S, Waleed AB. Quantitative assessment of postural stability and balance between persons with lower limb amputation and normal subjects by using dynamic posturography. Mac J Med Sci. 2010;3(2):138-43.
[18]Sethy D, Kujur ES, Sau K. Effect of balance exercise on balance control in unilateral lower limb amputees. Indian J Occup Ther. 2009;7(3):63-8.
[19]Siriett V, Salerno MS, Berry C, Nicholas G, Bower R, Kambadur R, et al. Antagonism of myostatin enhances muscle regeneration during sarcopenia. Mol Ther. 2007;15(8):1463-70.
[20]Carlson CJ, Booth FW, Gordon SE. Skeletal muscle myostatin mRNA expression is fiber- type specific and increases during hindlimb unloading. Am J Physiol. 1999;277(2 Pt 2):R601-6.
[21]Bolger D, Ting LH, Sawers A. Individuals with transtibial limb loss use interlimb force asymmetries to maintain multi-directional reactive balance control. Clinical Biomechanics. 2014;29(9):1039-47.
[22]Ku PX, Abu Osman NA, Wan Abas WA. Balance control in lower extremity amputees during quiet standing: A systematic review. Gait Posture. 2014;39(2):672-82.
[23]Vrieling AH, van Keeken HG, Schoppen T, Otten E, Hof AL, Halbertsma JP, et al. Balance control on a moving platform in unilateral lower limb amputees. Gait Posture. 2008;28(2):222-8.
[24]Dornan J, Fernie GR, Holliday PJ. Visual input: Its importance in the control of postural sway. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1978;59(12):586-91.
[25]Nadollek H, Brauer S. Isles R. Outcomes after trans-tibial amputation: the relationship between quiet stance ability, strength of hip abductor muscles and gait. Physiother Res Int. 2002;7(4):203-14.
[26]Duclos C, Roll R, Kavounoudias A, Mongeau JP, Roll JP, Forget R. Postural changes after sustained neck muscle contraction in persons with a lower leg amputation. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2009;19(4):e214-22.
[27]Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott M. Attentional demands and postural control: The effect of sensory context. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2000;55(1):M10-6.
[28]Shumway-Cook A, Matsuda PN, Taylor C. Investigating the validity of the environmental framework underlying the original and modified Dynamic Gait Index. Phys Ther. 2015;95(6):864-70.
[29]Benjuya A, Melzer I, Kaplanski J. Aging-induced shifts from the reliance on sensory input to muscle co-contraction during balanced standing. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2004;59(2):166-71.
[30]Peterka RJ. Sensorimotor integration in human postural control. J Neurophysiol. 2002;88(3):1097-118.