@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2018;24(1):47-52
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2018;24(1):47-52
Relationship between Oral Colonization of Candida albicans and Dentistry
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Descriptive & Survey StudyAuthors
Zare Bidaki M. (* )Saeidi F. (1 )
Baniasadi M. (1 )
Bakhshi T. (2 )
Afkar E. (3 )
Akbari N. (1 )
(* ) “The Infectious Diseases Research Center” and “Medicine Microbiology Department, Paramedical Sciences Faculty”, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
(1 ) Oral Diseases Department, Dentistry Faculty, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
(2 ) Central Laboratory, Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
(3 ) Deputy of Research and Technology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
Correspondence
Article History
Received: June 30, 2017Accepted: December 5, 2017
ePublished: January 11, 2018
ABSTRACT
Aims
Considering the existence of fungal contamination and the close contact of dentists with the oral cavity of their patients, the question raised here is whether addressing the dental profession can be considered a risk factor for oral candidiasis with Candida albicans? This study aimed at investigating the relationship between dentistry and oral colonization of Candida albicans.
Instruments & Methods This case-control study was conducted among 72 individuals in Birjand, Iran in 2016; they were selected by random sampling method and divided into 2 groups: The case group consisted of 35 dentists working in Birjand and the control group consisted of 37 non-medical personnel of Birjand University of Medical sciences. The samples were obtained from rear surface of the tongue and salivary secretions. Individuals with positive culture results were considered Candida albicans oral carriers. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software, using Chi-square and Fisher exact tests.
Findings Although the number of positive culture results in Candida albicans oral carriers (17.1%) was twice more than in control group (8.1%), there was no significant difference between two groups (p>0.05)
Conclusion The dentists are at risk of contamination and oral colonization of Candida albicans not more than what non-medical personnel are.
Instruments & Methods This case-control study was conducted among 72 individuals in Birjand, Iran in 2016; they were selected by random sampling method and divided into 2 groups: The case group consisted of 35 dentists working in Birjand and the control group consisted of 37 non-medical personnel of Birjand University of Medical sciences. The samples were obtained from rear surface of the tongue and salivary secretions. Individuals with positive culture results were considered Candida albicans oral carriers. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software, using Chi-square and Fisher exact tests.
Findings Although the number of positive culture results in Candida albicans oral carriers (17.1%) was twice more than in control group (8.1%), there was no significant difference between two groups (p>0.05)
Conclusion The dentists are at risk of contamination and oral colonization of Candida albicans not more than what non-medical personnel are.
CITATION LINKS
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[24]Kadaifciler DG, Ökten S, Sen B. Mycological contamination in dental unit waterlines in Istanbul, Turkey. Braz J Microbiol. 2014;44(3):977-81.
[25]Yildirim M, Sahin I, Kucukbayrak A, Ozdemir D, Tevfik Yavuz M, Oksuz S, et al. Hand carriage of Candida species and risk factors in hospital personnel. Mycoses. 2007;50(3):189-92.
[26]Bagg J, Sweeney MP, Lewis MA, Jackson MS, Coleman D, Al MD, et al. High prevalence of non-albicans yeasts and detection of anti-fungal resistance in the oral flora of patients with advanced cancer. Palliat Med. 2003;17(6):477-81.
[27]Jo JH, Kennedy EA, Kong HH. Topographical and physiological differences of the skin mycobiome in health and disease. Virulence. 2017;8(3):324-33.
[28]Khan ZU, Chandy R, Metwali KE. Candida albicans strain carriage in patients and nursing staff of an intensive care unit: A study of morphotypes and resistotypes. Mycoses. 2003;46(11-12):479-86.
[29]Martin M, Henriques M, Ribeiro AP, Fernandes R, Goncalves V, Seabra A, et al. Oral Candida carriage of patients attending a dental clinic in Braga, Portugal. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2010;27(3):119-24.
[30]Negroni M, Gonzalez MI, Levin B, Cuesta A, Iovanniti C. Candida carriage in the oral mucosa of a student population: Adhesiveness of the strains and predisposing factors. Rev Argent Microbiol. 2002;34(1):22-8.
[31]Tapper Jones LM, Aldred MJ, Walker DM, Hayes TM. Candidal infections and populations of Candida albicans in mouths of Diabetics. J Clin Pathol. 1981;34(7):706-11.
[32]Joseph K, Ameena KK, Taisy George A. A study on proportion, speciation and antifungal resistance pattern of the Candida isolates in a tertiary care hospital of North Kerala, India. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2017;6(5):434-9.
[2]Schelenz S, Hagen F, Rhodes JL, Abdolrasouli A, Chowdhary A, Hall A, et al. First hospital outbreak of the globally emerging Candida aurisin a European hospital. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2016;5:35.
[3]Mandell JE, Edwards JR. Candida species. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin, Martin J, Blaser, editors. Principles and practice of infectious diseases. 8th edition. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2016.
[4]Sardi JC, Scorzoni L, Bernardi T, Fusco Almeida AM, Mendes Giannini MJ. Candida species: Current epidemiology, pathogenicity, biofilm formation, natural antifungal products and new therapeutic options. J Med Microbiol. 2013;62(Pt 1):10-24.
[5]Vazquez JA, Sobel JD. Candidiasis. In: Kauffman CA, Papas PG, Sobel JD, Dismukes WE, editors. Essentials of clinical mycology. 2th edition. New York: Springer; 2011. pp.167-206.
[6]Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Pfaller MA. Medical microbiology. 8th edition.New York: McGraw-Hill; 2015.
[7]Zhou ZL, Lin CC, Chu WL, Yang YL, Lo HJ, TSARY Hospitals. The distribution and drug susceptibilities of clinical Candida species in TSARY 2014. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2016;86(4):399-404.
[8]Maheshwari M, Kaur R, Chadha S. Candida species prevalence profile in HIV seropositive patients from a major tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, India. J Pathogens. 2016;2016:6204804.
[9]Low A, Gavriilidis G, Larke N, B Lajoie MR, Drouin O, Stover J, et al. Incidence of opportunistic infections and the impact of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected adults in low-and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;62(12):1595-603.
[10]Quindós G. Epidemiology of Candidaemia and invasive Candidiasis. A changing face. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2014;31(1):42-8.
[11]Gunther LS, Martins HP, Gimenes F, Abreu AL, Consolaro ME, Svidzinski TI. Prevalence of Candida albicans and non-albicans isolates from vaginal secretions: comparative evaluation of colonization, Vaginal Candidiasis and recurrent vaginal Candidiasis in diabetic and non-diabetic women. Sao Paulo Med J. 2014;132(2):116-20.
[12]Monea A, Santacroce L, Marrelli M, Man A. Oral Candidiasis and inflammatory response and 58: A potential synergic contribution to the onset of type-2 Diabetes mellitus. Australas Med J. 2017;10(6):550-6.
[13]Pfaller MA, Messer SA, Hollis RJ, Jones RN, Doern GV, Brandt ME, et al. Trends in species distribution and susceptibility to fluconazole among blood stream isolates of Candida species in the United States. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999;33(4):217-22.
[14]Zomorodian K, Haghighi NN, Rajaee N, Pakshir K, Tarazooie B, Vojdani M, et al. Assessment of Candida species colonization and denture-related stomatitis in complete denture wearers Med Mycol. 2011;49(2):208-11.
[15]Pezeshkpoor F, Yazdanpanah MJ, Family SZ, Sepahi S, Moghaddas E, Shamsian AA. Prevalence of Candida in saliva and skin lesions of psoriasis vulgaris patients. J Mycol Res. 2015;2(1):9-14. [Persian]
[16]Wu N, Lin J, Wu L, Zhao J. Distribution of Candida albicans in the oral cavity of children aged 3-5 years of Uygur and Han nationality and their genotype in caries-active groups. Genet Mol Res. 2015;14(1):748-57.
[17]Bliss JM, Basavegowda KP, Watson WJ, Sheikh AU, Ryan RM. Vertical and horizontal transmission of Candida albicans in very low birth weight infants using DNA fingerprinting techniques. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008;27(3):231-35.
[18]Saiman L, Ludington E, Dawsone JD, Patterson JE, Rangel Frausto S, Wiblin RT, et al. Risk factor for Candida species colonization of neonatal intensive care unit patient. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2001;20(12):1119-24.
[19]Martori E, Ayuso Montero R, Willaert E, Vinas M, Peraire M, Martinez Gomis J. Status of removable dentures and relationship with oral Candida-associated factors in a geriatric population in catalonia. J Prosthodont. 2016;26(5):370-5.
[20]Fanello S, Bouchara JP, Jousset N, Delbos V, LeFlohic AM. Nosocomial Candida albicans acquisition in a geriatric unit: Epidemiology and evidence for person-to-person transmission. J Hosp Infect. 2001;47(1):46-52.
[21]Strausbaugh LJ, Sewell DL, Ward TT, Pfaller MA, Heitzman T, Tjoelker R. High frequency of yeast carriage on hands of hospital personnel. J Clin Microbiol. 1994;32(9):2293-300.
[22]Kumar S, Barta R. A study of yeast carriage on hands of hospital personnel. Indian J Pathol Microbial. 2000;43(1):65-7.
[23]Motalebnejad M, Sefidgar AA, Jafari Sh, Mirzaie M, Hamidi F. Relationship between dental practice and oral Candidal carriage. J Islamic Dent Association Iran. 2006;18(1):37-42. [Persian]
[24]Kadaifciler DG, Ökten S, Sen B. Mycological contamination in dental unit waterlines in Istanbul, Turkey. Braz J Microbiol. 2014;44(3):977-81.
[25]Yildirim M, Sahin I, Kucukbayrak A, Ozdemir D, Tevfik Yavuz M, Oksuz S, et al. Hand carriage of Candida species and risk factors in hospital personnel. Mycoses. 2007;50(3):189-92.
[26]Bagg J, Sweeney MP, Lewis MA, Jackson MS, Coleman D, Al MD, et al. High prevalence of non-albicans yeasts and detection of anti-fungal resistance in the oral flora of patients with advanced cancer. Palliat Med. 2003;17(6):477-81.
[27]Jo JH, Kennedy EA, Kong HH. Topographical and physiological differences of the skin mycobiome in health and disease. Virulence. 2017;8(3):324-33.
[28]Khan ZU, Chandy R, Metwali KE. Candida albicans strain carriage in patients and nursing staff of an intensive care unit: A study of morphotypes and resistotypes. Mycoses. 2003;46(11-12):479-86.
[29]Martin M, Henriques M, Ribeiro AP, Fernandes R, Goncalves V, Seabra A, et al. Oral Candida carriage of patients attending a dental clinic in Braga, Portugal. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2010;27(3):119-24.
[30]Negroni M, Gonzalez MI, Levin B, Cuesta A, Iovanniti C. Candida carriage in the oral mucosa of a student population: Adhesiveness of the strains and predisposing factors. Rev Argent Microbiol. 2002;34(1):22-8.
[31]Tapper Jones LM, Aldred MJ, Walker DM, Hayes TM. Candidal infections and populations of Candida albicans in mouths of Diabetics. J Clin Pathol. 1981;34(7):706-11.
[32]Joseph K, Ameena KK, Taisy George A. A study on proportion, speciation and antifungal resistance pattern of the Candida isolates in a tertiary care hospital of North Kerala, India. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2017;6(5):434-9.