@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2019;6(4):197-205
ISSN: 2383-2150 Journal of Education and Community Health 2019;6(4):197-205
Effect of Educational Intervention on Promoting Adherence to Iron Supplementation Consumption Program in Pregnant Women
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Khanmohammadi S. (1)Karimi-Shahanjarini A. (*2)
Farhadian M. (3)
Rezapur-Shahkolai F. (2)
(*2) ”Social Determinants of Health Research Center” and “ Public Health Department,, Health Faculty”, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(1) Public Health Department, Health Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
(3) Biostatistics Department, Health Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Public Health Department, Health Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmide Boulevard, Hamadan, Iran. Postal Code: 8138380509Phone: +98 (81) 38380025
Fax: +98 (81) 38380509
karimi.a@umsha.ac.ir
Article History
Received: January 26, 2019Accepted: August 22, 2019
ePublished: December 21, 2019
ABSTRACT
Aims
Incomplete adherence to iron supplementation consumption program is one of the main causes of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of educational intervention on promoting adherence to different aspects of iron supplementation consumption program in pregnant women.
Materials & Methods This semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group was conducted among 100 pregnant women during 16-20 weeks of pregnancy who referred to two health centers in Asadabad, Hamadan in 2017. The subjects were selected using random sampling method and randomly divided into intervention and control groups (50 people in each group). The training program was presented to the intervention group in the form of text messages along with pictures, self-monitoring and a phone call. Blood parameters were measured by blood tests and other variables were evaluated using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software using Chi-square test, independent t-test and paired t-tests.
Findings Intervention could make a significant difference in the behavior of mothers in both groups regarding iron supplementation consumption with vitamin C sources (p<0.001). However, despite the improvement of iron supplementation consumption behavior, lack of simultaneous iron supplementation consumption with calcium sources and observation of the distance between tea drinking and supplement consumption, the difference between the two groups was not significant. The mothers of the two groups also had a significant difference in the amount of ferritin (p=0.003).
Conclusion The intervention program designed based on the protection motivation theory is effective in promoting adherence to the iron supplementation consumption plan and reducing anemia in pregnant women.
Materials & Methods This semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group was conducted among 100 pregnant women during 16-20 weeks of pregnancy who referred to two health centers in Asadabad, Hamadan in 2017. The subjects were selected using random sampling method and randomly divided into intervention and control groups (50 people in each group). The training program was presented to the intervention group in the form of text messages along with pictures, self-monitoring and a phone call. Blood parameters were measured by blood tests and other variables were evaluated using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software using Chi-square test, independent t-test and paired t-tests.
Findings Intervention could make a significant difference in the behavior of mothers in both groups regarding iron supplementation consumption with vitamin C sources (p<0.001). However, despite the improvement of iron supplementation consumption behavior, lack of simultaneous iron supplementation consumption with calcium sources and observation of the distance between tea drinking and supplement consumption, the difference between the two groups was not significant. The mothers of the two groups also had a significant difference in the amount of ferritin (p=0.003).
Conclusion The intervention program designed based on the protection motivation theory is effective in promoting adherence to the iron supplementation consumption plan and reducing anemia in pregnant women.
CITATION LINKS
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[3]Annamraju H, Pavord S. Anaemia in pregnancy. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2016;77(10):584-8.
[4]Azami M, Darvishi Z, Sayehmiri K. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of anemia among pregnant Iranian women (2005-2015). Shiraz E-Med J. 2016;17(4-5):e38462.
[5]Namazi A, Alizadeh S. Health knowledge of pregnant women on anemia and its complication in pregnancy. J Holist Nurs Midwifery. 2016;26(80):98-106. [Persian]
[6]Hussain T, Shu LY. Awareness of iron deficiency anemia among women of Reproductive age in Hubei Province, China. Asian J Med Sci. 2010;1(1):12-3.
[7]Rahaei Z, Ghofranipour F, Morowatisharifabad MA, Mohammadi I. Psychometric properties of a protection motivation theory questionnaire used for cancer early detection. J Sch Public Health Inst Public Health Res. 2015;12(3):69-79. [Persian]
[8]Hallberg L, Rossander L, Skånberg AB. Phytates and the inhibitory effect of bran on iron absorption in man. The Am J Clin Nutr. 1987;45(5):988-96.
[9]Senanayake HM, Premaratne SP, Palihawadana T, Wijeratne S. Simple educational intervention will improve the efficacy of routine antenatal iron supplementation. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2010;36(3):646-50.
[10]Hazavei SMM, Etesamifard T, Moeini B, Roshanaei G. Prenatal care behaviors status among pregnant women using by BASNEF model. Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 2014;16(10):68-70.
[11]Noronha JA, Bhaduri A, Bhat HV, Kamath A. Interventional study to strengthen the health promoting behaviours of pregnant women to prevent anaemia in southern India. Midwifery. 2013;29(7):e35-41.
[12]Rodgers RW. Cognitive and physiological processes in fear appeals and attitude change: a revised theory of protection motivation. In: Cacioppo JT, Petty RE, editors. Social psychophysiology. New York: Guilford Publications; 1983. p. 153-76.
[13]Jalambadani Z, Shojaeizadeh D, Hosseini M, Sadeghi R. The effect of education for iron consumption based on the theory of planned behavior in pregnant women in Mashhad. J Clin Nurs Midwifery. 2015;4(2):59-68. [Persian]
[14]Mohammadalizadeh Charndabi S, Kamalifard M, Ebrahimi Mamaghani M, Omidi F. The effect of educational package on nutritional knowledge and behavior toward the coping with complication and supplement consumption. Armaghan-e-Danesh. 2013;18(3):228-40. [Persian]
[15]Jafari F, Kholdi N, Karimi A. Effectiveness of an educational program on mothers’ knowledge about iron deficiency anemia. Koomesh. 2012;13(4):419-29. [Persian]
[16]Baharzadeh K, Marashi T, Saki A, Zare Javid A, Araban M. The effect of educational intervention on preventive nutritional behaviors of anemia in pregnant women based on health belief model. J Res Health. 2017;7(2):754-62. [Persian]
[17]Jarrah SS, Halabi JO, Bond AE, Abegglen J. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) perceptions and dietary iron intake among young women and pregnant women in Jordan. J Transcult Nurs. 2007;18(1):19-27.
[18]Khoramabadi M, Dolatian M, Hajian S, Zamanian M, Taheripanah R, Sheikhan Z, et al. Effects of education based on health belief model on dietary behaviors of Iranian pregnant women. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;8(2):230-9.
[19]Abbasi Shavazi M, Rahaei Z, Rashidian Meybodi S, Salehi Abargouei A. Predictors of iron supplement consumption in high school girls: an application of the health promotion model. J Educ Community Health. 2019;6(2):79-85. [Persian]
[2]World Health Organization. WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016 [cited 2018 Sep 10]. Available from: https://bit.ly/35neEYa.
[3]Annamraju H, Pavord S. Anaemia in pregnancy. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2016;77(10):584-8.
[4]Azami M, Darvishi Z, Sayehmiri K. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of anemia among pregnant Iranian women (2005-2015). Shiraz E-Med J. 2016;17(4-5):e38462.
[5]Namazi A, Alizadeh S. Health knowledge of pregnant women on anemia and its complication in pregnancy. J Holist Nurs Midwifery. 2016;26(80):98-106. [Persian]
[6]Hussain T, Shu LY. Awareness of iron deficiency anemia among women of Reproductive age in Hubei Province, China. Asian J Med Sci. 2010;1(1):12-3.
[7]Rahaei Z, Ghofranipour F, Morowatisharifabad MA, Mohammadi I. Psychometric properties of a protection motivation theory questionnaire used for cancer early detection. J Sch Public Health Inst Public Health Res. 2015;12(3):69-79. [Persian]
[8]Hallberg L, Rossander L, Skånberg AB. Phytates and the inhibitory effect of bran on iron absorption in man. The Am J Clin Nutr. 1987;45(5):988-96.
[9]Senanayake HM, Premaratne SP, Palihawadana T, Wijeratne S. Simple educational intervention will improve the efficacy of routine antenatal iron supplementation. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2010;36(3):646-50.
[10]Hazavei SMM, Etesamifard T, Moeini B, Roshanaei G. Prenatal care behaviors status among pregnant women using by BASNEF model. Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 2014;16(10):68-70.
[11]Noronha JA, Bhaduri A, Bhat HV, Kamath A. Interventional study to strengthen the health promoting behaviours of pregnant women to prevent anaemia in southern India. Midwifery. 2013;29(7):e35-41.
[12]Rodgers RW. Cognitive and physiological processes in fear appeals and attitude change: a revised theory of protection motivation. In: Cacioppo JT, Petty RE, editors. Social psychophysiology. New York: Guilford Publications; 1983. p. 153-76.
[13]Jalambadani Z, Shojaeizadeh D, Hosseini M, Sadeghi R. The effect of education for iron consumption based on the theory of planned behavior in pregnant women in Mashhad. J Clin Nurs Midwifery. 2015;4(2):59-68. [Persian]
[14]Mohammadalizadeh Charndabi S, Kamalifard M, Ebrahimi Mamaghani M, Omidi F. The effect of educational package on nutritional knowledge and behavior toward the coping with complication and supplement consumption. Armaghan-e-Danesh. 2013;18(3):228-40. [Persian]
[15]Jafari F, Kholdi N, Karimi A. Effectiveness of an educational program on mothers’ knowledge about iron deficiency anemia. Koomesh. 2012;13(4):419-29. [Persian]
[16]Baharzadeh K, Marashi T, Saki A, Zare Javid A, Araban M. The effect of educational intervention on preventive nutritional behaviors of anemia in pregnant women based on health belief model. J Res Health. 2017;7(2):754-62. [Persian]
[17]Jarrah SS, Halabi JO, Bond AE, Abegglen J. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) perceptions and dietary iron intake among young women and pregnant women in Jordan. J Transcult Nurs. 2007;18(1):19-27.
[18]Khoramabadi M, Dolatian M, Hajian S, Zamanian M, Taheripanah R, Sheikhan Z, et al. Effects of education based on health belief model on dietary behaviors of Iranian pregnant women. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;8(2):230-9.
[19]Abbasi Shavazi M, Rahaei Z, Rashidian Meybodi S, Salehi Abargouei A. Predictors of iron supplement consumption in high school girls: an application of the health promotion model. J Educ Community Health. 2019;6(2):79-85. [Persian]