ARTICLE INFO

Article Type

Original Research

Authors

Khani Jeihooni   A. (*1)
Khiyali   Z. (2)
Kashfi   S.M. (1)
Ghalegolab   F. ()
Afzali Harsini   P. (4)






() Departement of Public Health, School of Health, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj , Iran
(*1) Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz , Iran
(2) Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
(4) Department of Public Health, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

Correspondence

Article History

Received:   February  24, 2020
Accepted:   July 6, 2020
ePublished:   December 20, 2020

ABSTRACT

Aims Gastric cancer is the most common cause of death among all cancers in Iran. Due to the role of proper nutrition to prevent gastric cancer the present study was aimed to determine the impact of educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model on nutritional behaviors associated with gastric cancer among female employees in Fasa, Fars, Iran.
Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was performed on 100 working women covered by two health centers in Fasa who were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, including demographic characteristics, knowledge, Health Belief Model constructs, and performance measurement that were completed before, 3, and 6 months after the educational intervention by the experimental and control groups. The training program was held in 8 sessions of 50 to 55 minutes in the hall of the health center with group discussion method along with showing videos and educational images for the experimental group. Questionnaires were collected and analyzed by SPSS 22 statistical software using Chi-square, independent t-test, paired t-test, and RMA NOVA (Repeated Measurement ANOVA).
Findings The mean age of the subjects in the experimental group was 35.64±5.30 and in the control group was 35.70±5.38. Results showed that before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy and performance (p>0.05). But in the 3 and 6 months after the intervention, the experimental group showed a significant increase in each of the above except the perceived barriers compared to the control group, and in the perceived barriers construct the test group significantly decreased compared to the control group (p<0.05).
Conclusion Designing and implementing educational interventions based on the Health Belief Model was effective in preventing gastric cancer with a focus on nutritional behaviors in employed women.

Keywords: Education , Gastric Cancer , Nutritional Status ,

CITATION LINKS

[1]Shilan A, Kasmaei P, Farmanbar R, Shakiba M, Mahdaviroushan M, Zareban I, et al. Factors predicting nutritional behaviors related to gastric cancer: A model-guided study. Drug Invent Today. 2018;10(6):936-41. [Persian]
[2]Mehravar F, Najafi F, Khoramdad M, Mansournia MA, Holakoee Naeini K. Investigating the effect of several determinative factors on gastric cancer morbidity in Aghbulagh village, Meshgin Shahr, Ardabil province: A case control study. J Health Chimes. 2018;6(2):21-8. [Persian]
[3]Samadi F, Babaei M, Yazdanbod A, Fallah M, Nouraie M, Nasrollahzadeh D, et al. Survival rate of gastric and esophageal cancers in Ardabil province, north-west of Iran. Arch Iran Med. 2007;10(1):32-7. [Persian]
[4]Alidosti M, Sharifirad GR, Golshiri P, Azadbakht L, Hasanzadeh A, Hemati Z. An investigation on the effect of gastric cancer education based on health belief model on knowledge, attitude and nutritional practice of housewives. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2012;17(4):256-62. [Persian]
[5]Rostami C, Asadollahi K, Sayehmiri K, Cheraghi M. Incidence rate of gastric cancer and its relationship with geographical factors using GIS in Khuzestan province between 2009 and 2013. Sci J Kurdistan Univ Med Sci. 2017;22(2):129-39. [Persian]
[6]Abachizadeh K, Keramatinia AA. Anticipating cancer rates of Iran in 2025. Community Health. 2016;3(1):66-73.
[7]Ramezani B, Hanifi A. Understanding the geographical distribution of the incidence of gastric cancer in Gilan. J Environ Sci Technol. 2011;13(2):81-93. [Persian]
[8]Amin MM, Kazemi A, Eskandari O, Ghias M, Fatehizadeh A, Zare MR. Geographical distribution of stomach cancer related to heavy metals in Kurdistan, Iran. Int J Environ Health Eng. 2015;4(1):12.
[9]Hodgson JM, Hsu‐Hage BHH, Wahlqvist ML. Food variety as a quantitative descriptor of food intake. Ecol Food Nut. 1994;32(3-4):137-48.
[10]Azadbakht L, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Dietary diversity score is favorably associated with the metabolic syndrome in Tehranian adults. Int J Obes. 2005;29(11):1361-7.
[11]Dehdari T, Dehdari L, Jazayeri S. Investigation of the efficacy of health belief model constructs in the prediction of preventive nutritional behaviors of stomach cancer. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2018;12(3):56-65. [Persian]
[12]Mirzaei E. Health education. In: Hatami H, Razavi M, Eftekharardebili H, Majlesi F, Seyednozadi M, Parizadeh MJ. Textbook of public health. Tehran: Arjmand; 2004.
[13]Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K. Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 2008.
[14]Kasiri K, Amin-Shokravi F, Shahnazi H. Feeding behavior associated with gastric cancer in women working in Isfahan in 2013. Iran J Health Educ Health Promot. 2015;3(2):83-94. [Persian]
[15]Anetor GO, Ogundele BO, Oyewole OE. Effect of nutrition education on factors influencing food choices in relation to prevention of stomach cancer among undergraduates in south-west, Nigeria. Anthropolog. 2013;15(2):185-91.
[16]Salvador I, Mercado A, Bravo GL, Baldeon M, Fornasini M. Risk and protective factors for gastric metaplasia and cancer: A hospital-based case-control study in Ecuador. Nutr Hosp. 2015;32(3):1193-9.
[17]Lin W, Yang HC, Hang CM, Pan WH. Nutrition knowledge, attitude, and behavior of Taiwanese elementary school children. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(2):534-46.
[18]Anderson AS, Porteous LEG, Foster E, Higgins C, Stead M, Hetherington M, et al. The impact of a school-based nutrition education intervention on dietary intake and cognitive and attitudinal variables relating to fruits and vegetables. Public Health Nutr. 2005;8(6):650-6.
[19]Alidosti M, Delaram M, Reisi Z. Impact of education based on health belief model in Isfahanese housewives in preventing H pylori infection. J Fasa Univ Med Sci. 2012;2(2):71-7. [Persian]
[20]Shobeiri F, Afshari Dehghani K, Nazari S, Nazari S, Farhadian M. The effect of nutritional education based on pender's health promotion model on nutritional behavior of pregnant women: A quasi experimental research. Indo Am J Pharm Sci. 2018;4(12):4833-7.
[21]Ziaee R, Jalili Z, Tavakoli Ghouchani H. The effect of education based on health belief model (HBM) in improving nutritional behaviors of pregnant women. J North Khorasan Univ Med Sci. 2016;8(3):427-37. [Persian]
[22]Alizadeh Siuki H, Jadgal K, Shamaeian Razavi N, Zareban I, Heshmati H, Saghi N. Effects of health education based on health belief model on nutrition behaviors of primary school students in Torbate Heydariyeh city in 2012. J Health. 2015;5(4):289-99. [Persian]
[23]Kim YB, Lee WC. A study on the behavioral factors related to stomach cancer screening among adults in a rural area. Korean J Epidemiol. 1999;21:20-30.
[24]Barati M, Amirzargar MA, Bashirian S, Kafami V, Mousali AA, Moeini B. Psychological predictors of prostate cancer screening behaviors among men over 50 years of age in Hamadan: Perceived threat and efficacy. Iran J Cancer Prev. 2016;9(4):4144. [Persian]
[25]Lotfi Mainbolaghi B, Rakhshani F, Zareban I, Montazerifar F, Alizadeh Sivaki H, Parvizi Z. The effect of peer education based on health belief model on nutrition behaviors in primary school boys. J Res Health. 2012;2(2):214-25. [Persian]
[26]Khiyali Z, Aliyan F, Kashfi SH, Mansourian M, Khani Jeihooni A. Educational intervention on breast self-examination behavior in women referred to health centers: Application of health belief model. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2017;18(10):2833-8.
[27]Dehdari T, Dehdari L, Jazayeri S. Diet-related stomach cancer behavior among Iranian college students: A text messaging intervention. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(12):5165-72.
[28]Park SM, Chang SB, Chung CW. Effect of a cognition-emotion focused program to increase public partici-pation in papanicolaou smear screening. Public Health Nurs. 2005;22(4):289-98.
[29]Iriyama S, Nakahara S, Jimba M, Ichikawa M, Wake S. AIDS health beliefs and intention for sexual abstinence among male adolescent students in Kathmandu, Nepal: A test of perceived se- verity and susceptibility. Public Health. 2007;121(1):64-72.
[30]Gimeno-Garcia AZ, Quintero E, Nicolas-Perez D, Parra-Blanco A, Jimenez-Sosa A. Impact of an educational video-based strategy on the behavior process associated with colorectal cancer screening: A randomized controlled study. Cancer Epidemiol. 2009;33(3-4):216-22.
[31]Khani Jeihooni A, Jamshidi H, Kashfi SM, Avand A, Khiyali Z. The effect of health education program based on health belief model on oral health behaviors in pregnant women of Fasa city, Fars province, south of Iran. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2017;7(6):336-43.
[32]Avci IA, Gozum S. Comparison of two different educational methods on teacher's knowledge, belief and behaviors regarding breast cancer screening. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2009;13(2):94-101.
[33]Khaste Ivari T, Heshmati H, Faryabi R, Goudarzian Z, Ghodrati A, Najafi F, et al. Effect of health belief model based education on nutritional behaviors of pregnant women referred to health centers in Torbate Heydariyeh city. J Health Field. 2016;3(4);23-31. [Persian]
[34]Mirbazegh SF, Rahnavard Z, Rajabi F. The effect of education on dietary behaviors to prevent cancer in mothers. J Res Health 2012;2(1):26-35. [Persian]
[35]Panunzio M, Antoniciello A, Pisano A, Dalton S. Nutrition education intervention by teachers may promote fruit and vegetable consumption in Italian students. Nutr Res. 2007;27(9):524-8.
[36]Heidal KB, Lewis NM, Evans S, Boeckner LS. Nutrition education intervention increases total ω-3 fatty acid intakes in heart patients living in the Midwest. Nutr Res. 2007;27(1):33-7.
[37]Ha EJ, Caine-Bish N. Effect of nutrition intervention using a general nutrition course for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among college students. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2009;41(2):103-9.
[38]Ritchie LD, Whaley SE, Spector P, Gomez J, Crawford PB. Favorable impact of nutrition education on California WIC families. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2010;42(3):2-10.
[39]Anderson AS, Campbell DM, Shepherd R. The influence of dietary advice on nutrient intake during pregnancy. Br J Nutr. 1995;73(2):163-77.
[40]Burr ML, Trembeth J, Jones KB, Geen J, Lynch LA, Roberts ZES. The effects of dietary advice and vouchers on the intake of fruit and fruit juice by pregnant women in a deprived area: a controlled trial. Public Health Nutr. 2007;10(6):559-65.
[41]Vameghi R, Mohammad K, Karimloo M, Soleimani F, Sajedi F. The effects of health education through face to face teaching and educational movies, on suburban women in childbearing age. Iran J Public Health. 2010;39(2):77-88. [Persian]
[42]Yeh MC, Ickes SB, Lowenstein LM, Shuval K, Ammerman AS, Farris R, et al. Understanding barriers and facilitators of fruit and vegetable consumption among a diverse multi-ethnic population in the USA. Health Promot Int. 2008;23(1):42-51.