@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2016;22(4):353-358
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2016;22(4):353-358
Comparing the Pain and Anxiety of Intravenous Access in Supine and Sitting Positions
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Descriptive & Survey StudyAuthors
Matouri Pour P. (1)Mahmoudi M. (*)
Jafari Manesh H. (1)
Ebrahim Pour S. (1)
Rafiei F. (2)
Asgari P. (1)
(*) Nursing Department, Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
(1) Nursing Department, Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
(2) Biostatistics Department, Medicine School, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, Pardis of Arak University of Medical Sciences, Sardasht Square, Arak, IranPhone: +98 (86) 34173524
Fax: +98 (86) 34173524
mahmodimokhtar85@gmail.com
Article History
Received: January 18, 2015Accepted: July 19, 2016
ePublished: October 1, 2016
ABSTRACT
Aims
The installation of intravenous catheter is an unpleasant and painful experience for many patients. Then, it is necessary to provide new methods to either reduce or remove pain in the patients’ injection point. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of positioning (either sitting or lying) during the installation of intravenous catheter on pain level and the following anxiety in the patients.
Materials & Methods In the two-blinded clinical trial study, 60 patients hospitalized in the internal wards of Arak Amir-Al-Momenin Hospital were studied in 2015. The subjects selected via available method were divided into two groups including sitting and supine groups based on the simple random allocation. The pain severity and anxiety severity indices were investigated in both groups before and after the venipuncture based on the visual analogue scale (VAS). Data was analyzed by SPSS 20 software using Chi-square, paired-T, and independent T tests.
Findings Mean scores of anxiety before the venipuncture in both groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). Nevertheless, after the venipuncture, mean anxiety score and mean pain score in sitting group were significantly more than supine group (p=0.0001). In addition, mean scores of anxiety before and after the venipuncture in the supine group were significantly different (p=0.0001). However, no significant difference was observed between the scores before and after the venipuncture in sitting group (p>0.05).
Conclusion During the installation of intravenous catheter, the supine position can reduce the pain level and the following anxiety in the patients compared to the sitting position.
Materials & Methods In the two-blinded clinical trial study, 60 patients hospitalized in the internal wards of Arak Amir-Al-Momenin Hospital were studied in 2015. The subjects selected via available method were divided into two groups including sitting and supine groups based on the simple random allocation. The pain severity and anxiety severity indices were investigated in both groups before and after the venipuncture based on the visual analogue scale (VAS). Data was analyzed by SPSS 20 software using Chi-square, paired-T, and independent T tests.
Findings Mean scores of anxiety before the venipuncture in both groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). Nevertheless, after the venipuncture, mean anxiety score and mean pain score in sitting group were significantly more than supine group (p=0.0001). In addition, mean scores of anxiety before and after the venipuncture in the supine group were significantly different (p=0.0001). However, no significant difference was observed between the scores before and after the venipuncture in sitting group (p>0.05).
Conclusion During the installation of intravenous catheter, the supine position can reduce the pain level and the following anxiety in the patients compared to the sitting position.
CITATION LINKS
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[21]Azhari S, Ahmadi S, Rakhshandeh H, Jafarzadeh H, Mazloum SR. Evaluation of the effect of oral saffron capsules on pain intensity during the active phase of labor. Iran J Obstet Gyneocol Infertil. 2014;17(115):1-10. [Persian]
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[24]Maleki Z, Ashayeri H, Jaefari SZ, Alavi K, Azimi S. The effect of music on anxiety treatment dental endodontic. J Dent Sch Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci. 2010;28(3):165-71. [Persian]
[25]Najafi Z, Tagharrobi Z, Lotfi MS, Taghadosi M, Sharifi Kh, Aarrokhian A. Effect of recitation of Quran on the anxiety of patients with myocardial infarction. J Evid Base Pract Mag. 2014;4(1):7-16. [Persian]
[26]Asgari MR, Bakhtiary AH, Ebrahimian A, Javadifar K. The effect of different types of Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulations (TENS) on severity of pain related with insertion of intravenous catheter (Angiocut). J Gorgan Uni Med Sci. 2009;10(4):11-7. [Persian]
[27]Pool J, Dercher M, Hanson B, Heiman L, Li Y, Schraeder K, et al. The effect of head of bed elevation on patient comfort after angiography. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2015;30(6):491-6.
[28]Winfield C1, Knicely C, Jensen C, Taylor S, Thomas K, Conaway M, et al. What is the least painful method of anesthetizing a peripheral IV site?. J Perianesth Nurs. 2013;28(4):217-22.
[2]Gupta D, Agarwal A, Dhiraaj S, Tandon M, Kumar M, Singh RS, et al. An evaluation of efficacy of balloon inflation on venous cannulation pain in children: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2006;102(5):1372-5.
[3]Deshpande CM, Varun J. Comparison between diclofenac transdermal patch vs transdermal EMLA (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anaesthetic) creams for attenuation of pain of venous cannulation. J Anaesth Clin Pharmacol. 2010;26(2):231-6.
[4]Rogers TL, Ostrow CL. The use of EMLA cream to decrease veni puncture pain in children. J Pediatr Nurs. 2004;19(1):33-9.
[5]Hijazi R, Taylor D, Richardson J. Effect of topical alkanet vapocoolant spray on pain with intravenous cannulation in patients in emergency departments: Randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. BMJ. 2009;338(215):357-9.
[6]Hariharan S, Ramsewak R, Chen D, Merritt-Charles L, Bridglal C. A Study of the Efficacy of Diclofenac Iontophoresis for Providing Effective Topical Analgesia. Int J Pain. 2006;5(2):1-10.
[7]Yeganekhah MR, Abedini Z, Dadkhah Tehrani T. Evaluation of an Applied Method in Reducing the Pain of Intramuscular Injection. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2013;7(2):57-62. [Persian]
[8]O'Grady N, Alexander M, Dellinger EP, Garland J, Heard SO, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections. Washington D.C.: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2002.
[9]Abolhasani S. Effects of sensuous stimulation on anxiety in the patients hospitalized in coronary care unit. Sci J Kurd Uni Med Sci. 2007;12(2): 46-52. [Persian]
[10]Ahmadinejad M, Delfan B, Tarahi M, Poria A, Hashemi SM, Taheri Tafti M, et al. Comparison of efficacy of local piroxicam and diclofenac in benign mastalgia. Iran J Surg. 2007;15(3):1-6. [Persian]
[11]Agarwal A, Gautam S, Gupta D, Singh U. Tran dermal diclofenac patch vs utecticmixture of local anesthetics for venous cannulation pain. Can J Anaesth. 2007;54(3):196-200.
[12]Mamishi N, Behroozi Shad F, Mohagheghi M, Eftekhar Z, Shahabi Z. The study of nurses’ knowledge and attitudes regarding cancer pain management. Hayat. 2006;12(2):23-32. [Persian]
[13]Johnston C, Gagnon A, Rennick J, Rosmus C, Patenaude H, Eliss J, et al. One on one coaching to improve pain assessment and management practices of pediatric nurses. J Pediatr Nurs. 2007;22(6):467-78.
[14]Chio LH, Trinca J, Lim LM, Tuazon J. A study to evaluate the pain knowledge of two sub-population of final year nursing student: Australia and Phlilipine. J Adv Nurs. 2003;41(1):99-108.
[15]Allahiari I, Alhany F. Evaluation of the nurses’ problems in using methods to reduce injection pain in children. Iran J Pediatric. 2006;16(2):183-8. [Persian]
[16]IASP Subcommittee on Taxonomy. Pain terms: A list with definition and note on usage. Pain. 1979;6(3):249.
[17]Sinha PK, Manikandan S. Reducing vein puncture pain by cough trick. Anesth Analg. 2004;99(3):952-3.
[18]Kim JY, Yoon J, Yoo BS, Lee SH, Choe KH. The effect of a eutectic mixture of local anesthetic cream on wrist pain during transradial coronary procedures. J Invasive Cardiol. 2007;19(1):6-9.
[19]Yousefinejad Ostad Kelayeh A, Madadi A, Majedzadeh SR, Shabannia R, Sadeghian N, Zarinara AR, et al. The effect of music therapy on chronic pain in patients with cancer. J Qazvin Univ Med Sci. 2005;9(1):39-42. [Persian]
[20]Rezaei Adaryani M, Ahmadi F, Fatehi A, Mohamadi E, JafarAbadi MA. Effects of positioning on patients back pain and comfort after coronary angiography. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2007;9(2):76-84. [Persian]
[21]Azhari S, Ahmadi S, Rakhshandeh H, Jafarzadeh H, Mazloum SR. Evaluation of the effect of oral saffron capsules on pain intensity during the active phase of labor. Iran J Obstet Gyneocol Infertil. 2014;17(115):1-10. [Persian]
[22]Khalili Shomia S, Safavi M, Yahyavi SH, Farahani H. Assessment of the effect of EMLA cream on vein puncture pain severity with vein catheter in the patients undergoing cesarean section: Randomized placebo controlled trial. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2012;22(91):82-8. [Persian]
[23]Adib-Hajbaghery M, Rajabi-Beheshtabad R, Abasi A, Azizi-Fini E. The effect of massage therapy by a nurse and the patient’s companion on the anxiety of male patients hospitalized in CCU: A clinical trial. Iran J Nurs. 2012;25(78):72-83. [Persian]
[24]Maleki Z, Ashayeri H, Jaefari SZ, Alavi K, Azimi S. The effect of music on anxiety treatment dental endodontic. J Dent Sch Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci. 2010;28(3):165-71. [Persian]
[25]Najafi Z, Tagharrobi Z, Lotfi MS, Taghadosi M, Sharifi Kh, Aarrokhian A. Effect of recitation of Quran on the anxiety of patients with myocardial infarction. J Evid Base Pract Mag. 2014;4(1):7-16. [Persian]
[26]Asgari MR, Bakhtiary AH, Ebrahimian A, Javadifar K. The effect of different types of Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulations (TENS) on severity of pain related with insertion of intravenous catheter (Angiocut). J Gorgan Uni Med Sci. 2009;10(4):11-7. [Persian]
[27]Pool J, Dercher M, Hanson B, Heiman L, Li Y, Schraeder K, et al. The effect of head of bed elevation on patient comfort after angiography. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2015;30(6):491-6.
[28]Winfield C1, Knicely C, Jensen C, Taylor S, Thomas K, Conaway M, et al. What is the least painful method of anesthetizing a peripheral IV site?. J Perianesth Nurs. 2013;28(4):217-22.