@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2251-8215 Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2017;1(1):
ISSN: 2251-8215 Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2017;1(1):
The Darulshafa of Astan Quds Razavi: A Pioneer in Women Treatment
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Historical Research ArticleAuthors
Karimian A. (*)(*) Governmental Management Training Center, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Sarem Women’s Hospital, Basij Square, Phase 3, Ekbatan Town, Tehran, Iran. Postal Code: 1396956111Phone: +98 (21) 44670888
Fax: +98 (21) 44670432
ali_karimiyan_2011@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: August 21, 2015Accepted: December 24, 2015
ePublished: February 15, 2016
ABSTRACT
Information & Methods
Evidence indicates that it has long been considered public health and the observance of pilgrims and the poor people near the Haram of Imam Reza, sometimes it was called "Darulshafa", and the founders were those good people who were trying to provide as much as possible the facilities for the welfare of sick and poor people.
Conclusion In Teimori period, Goharshad Khatun founded a Darulshafa nearby the Haram at the time of establishing the Goharshad Mosque. In addition, in Safavieh period there used to be other Darulshafa which received several devotions which the most apparent one was Atighi devotion. In Afshar period, Adelshah repaired Imam Reza Darulshafa and devoted part of his property to it. In Ghajarieh period, Mirza Jafarkhan Moshiroldoleh founded a new type of Darulshafa. After the First World War, Dr. Amir Alam in his trip to Mashhad by presenting a report to Ahmadshah, took action to fundamental reforms in the organization and income of Darulshafa. He also intended to isolate the male and female section of Darulshafa completely. In 1933, Imam Reza Hospital was established by Mohammad Ali Asadi and its second head of the hospital was Professor Hammer Shelak who himself was a obstetrician. Since 1937, the Nursing School was established under the supervision of foreign nurses in this hospital until it was handed over to Iranian nurses in 1941. Now Astan Quds Razavi by having 1048 endowments is one of the biggest endowments in Islamic world.
Conclusion In Teimori period, Goharshad Khatun founded a Darulshafa nearby the Haram at the time of establishing the Goharshad Mosque. In addition, in Safavieh period there used to be other Darulshafa which received several devotions which the most apparent one was Atighi devotion. In Afshar period, Adelshah repaired Imam Reza Darulshafa and devoted part of his property to it. In Ghajarieh period, Mirza Jafarkhan Moshiroldoleh founded a new type of Darulshafa. After the First World War, Dr. Amir Alam in his trip to Mashhad by presenting a report to Ahmadshah, took action to fundamental reforms in the organization and income of Darulshafa. He also intended to isolate the male and female section of Darulshafa completely. In 1933, Imam Reza Hospital was established by Mohammad Ali Asadi and its second head of the hospital was Professor Hammer Shelak who himself was a obstetrician. Since 1937, the Nursing School was established under the supervision of foreign nurses in this hospital until it was handed over to Iranian nurses in 1941. Now Astan Quds Razavi by having 1048 endowments is one of the biggest endowments in Islamic world.
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[2]Tashayod AA. Javid Armaghan, or life of the nestes of Dr. Alam A, translator. Teharn: Magazine of Islamic History; 1961. p. 61. [Persian]
[3]Tajbakhsh H. History of Iran’s Hospital (from beginning to today). Tehran: Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies; 2000. p. 248. [Persian]
[4]Savory R. Iran under the Safavavids. Saba A, translator. Tehran: Tehran book; 1984. p. 61. [Persian]
[5]Soozanchi kashani A. Razavi Guest house from Safavid to Ghajar Period (Volume I). Mashhad: Organization of Libraries Museums and Razavi Qods Documents; 2002. p. 199. [Persian]
[6]National library and archives of Iran. Accession No. 23525. Tehran: National library and archives of Iran; 2002. p. 73. [Persian]
[7]Daneshpazhooh M. Dastoor Al Molouk Mirza Rafia. J Literature Human Tehran Univ. 1969;16:(69-70):540-64. [Persian]
[8]Daneshpazhooh M. Dastoor Al Molouk Mirza Rafia va Tazkarat Al Moluok e Mirza Samiea. J Literature Human Tehran Univ. 1968;16:(63-64):475-504. [Persian]
[9]Dehkhoda A. Dehkhoda Dictionary (Volume I). Tehran: Tehran University ress; 1994. p. 94. [Persian]
[10]Lambton A.K.S. Landlord and peasant in Persia. Amir M, translator. Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Company; 1960. p. 746. [Persian]
[11]Mostowfi Hamedani H. The face of the sacred endowment Astan Moghaddas Samen Alaemah Ali Ibn Musa al Reza. Mashhad: Anonymous Publisher; 1938. [Persian]
[12]Jafari Langeroudi M. Terminology of law. Tehran: Ibn Sina Publication; 1967. p. 406. [Persian]
[13]Etemad al Saltaneh M. Matla Al Shams. Borhan Limoudehi T, Hassankhani M, editors. Matla Al Shams: The history of sacred Mashhad, in the history and geography of the famous places of Khorasan. Tehran: Farhangsarsa Publication; 1983. pp. 522-3.[Persian]
[14]Sabetniya A, Soozanchi kashani A. Presentation of Shrine documents and associated places in the Qajar period. Mashhad: Organization of libraries museums and Razavi Qods documents; 2002. p. 123. [Persian]
[15]Bastami N. Ferdows al tavarikh. Tabriz: lithography; 1897. [Persian]
[16]Karimian A. Permanent memories: Astan Quds dar al Shafa narrates the documents. Moon History Geography Book. 2008;125:86-99. [Persian]
[17]Mirza Jafar Khan Mohandesbashi (Mushir Al douleh). Treatise on research on the crossroad. Tehran: Institute Culture of Iran Foundation Publication; 1969. pp. 14-5. [Persian]
[18]Mahdi V. Story of the Nawab Toluity of the magnificent Astan Quds Razavi. Namehaye Astan Qods. 1965;(21):86-95. [Persian]
[19]Ghasemi SF. Orduye Homayouni newspaper. Tehran: Cultural heritage organization. 2000. P. 52. [Persian]
[20]Hakim Al Mamalek A. Khorasan travel newspaper. In: Afshar I, editor. Khorasan travel newspaper Nasser e Din Shah. Tehran: Farhang e Iran Zamin. 1977. p. 259. [Persian]
[21]Azad Al Douleh A. Azadi histoty. In: Navaei A, editor. History of the life of Al Imam Abolhassan Ali Ibn Musa al Reza, Mashhad. Tehran: Mahvan Publication; 2000. p. 148. [Persian]
[22]Seyf Al Doleh M. Seyf Al Doleh travelogue. In: Khodaparast AA, editor. Seyf Al Doleh travelogue. Tehran: Ney Publication; 1985. p. 318. [Persian]
[23]Sayyah Mahalati MA. Memories of Hajj Sayyah. In: Sayyah H, Golkar S, editor. Memories of Hajj Sayyah. Tehran: Amirkabir Publication; 1980. pp. 132-3. [Persian]
[24]Naser a Din Shah. Second travelogue of Khorasan. Tehran: Kavosh Va Shabtab Publication; 1984. Pp. 139-40. [Persian]
[25]Anonimous Writer. Orduye Homayoon newspaper. Tehran. 1883; 12 January. NO. 8. [Persian]
[26]Aminlashgar MGh. Khorasan trip newspaper with Naser Al Din Shah. In: Afshar I, Daryrgasht MR, editors. Khorasan trip newspaper with Naser Al Din Shah. Tehran: Asatir Publication;1995. p. 45. [Persian]
[27]Anonimous Writer. Iran newspaper. Tehran. 1885; 4 January. NO. 574. p. 3. [Persian]
[28]Yate CE. Khurasan and Sistan. Tehran: Yazdan Publication; 1977. P. 321. [Persian]
[29]Taherniya B. Mashhad from the tourists' view from 1600-1914. Mashhad: Astan Qods Razavi Publication; 1997. p. 204. [Persian]
[30]Anonimous Writer. Adab newspaper: Tehran. 1902; 6 January. NO. 18. pp. 41-2. [Persian]
[31]Foyoozat M. Statement by Mr. Foyoozat: Head of the office of the endowment on endowments. Tehran: Talim va Tarbiat. 1936;91:128-36. [Persian]
[32]Salimifar M. A look at Waqf and its economic and social effects. Mashhad: Astan Qods Razavi, Islalmic Research Foundation; 1391. p. 90. [Persian]
[33]Karimaiyan A. Astan Qods Razavi foundation after mashroote revolution. Mashhad: Organization of Libraries Museums and Razavi Qods Documents; 2002. p. 41. [Persian]
[34]Shahidi H. A Look at traditional medicine in the Dar ul Shafi Astan Quds Razavi in the Safavid age (Review of the seven days of the documents of the Darwāla Shafa). Ganjineh Asnad. 2009;75(22):63-84. [Persian]
[35]Tehran University Of Medical Sciences. Sina hospital in history. Tehran: Teymoorzadeh Publication; 1999. p. 16. [Persian]
[36]Mofakham Payan L. Mashhad city guide. Mashhad: The geological society (geographic) of Khorasan; 1966. pp. 46-7. [Persian]
[37]Baghiei GH. Mirdamad grave (View from old Mashhad). Tehran: Gutenberg Publication; 1994. pp. 124-6. [Persian]
[38]Karimian A. Asadi house and Goharshad Ghiyam. Shilan Publication; 2010. pp. 204-8. [Persian]
[39]National library and archives of Iran. Accession No. 293001905. Tehran: National library and archives of Iran. [Persian]
[40]Karimian A. Astan Qods Razavi in documents. Mah Tarikh va Joghraphiya. 2008;(125):86-96. [Persian]