@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2251-8215 Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2019;3(3):93-98
ISSN: 2251-8215 Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2019;3(3):93-98
Effects of 14 Weeks Yoga Training on Labor Pain and Pregnancy Outcomes in Primiparous Women
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Gholipour Sh. (*1)Memari E. (2)
Shojaedin S.S. (3)
(*1) Exercise Physiology Department, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
(2) Sarem Fertility and Infertility Research Center (SAFIR), Sarem Women's Hospital, Tehran, Iran
(3) Exercise Physiology Department, Physical Education & Sport Sciences Faculty, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Exercise Physiology Department, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranPhone:
Fax:
shadigholipour184@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: February 27, 2018Accepted: March 6, 2019
ePublished: July 6, 2019
ABSTRACT
Aims
The experience of labor pain is a complicated, individual, and multiple response to the sensory stimulation produced during birth. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of yoga training after 14 weeks on labor pain and pregnancy outcomes in primiparous women.
Materials & Methods In this clinical trial, 80 primiparous pregnant women aged 25-35 years old referred to Sarem Hospital in Tehran, in 2017, were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into experimental (n=40) and control (n=40) groups. The experimental group started practicing yoga from the 14th week of pregnancy, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The severity of labor pain and Apgar scores were compared. The data were analyzed by SPSS 23 software using one-way analysis of variance, Tukey post hoc test, and independent t-test.
Findings Yoga training reduced the severity of labor pain in primiparous women (F=38.57; p<0.001). Also, yoga exercises had a significant effect on the first- and fifth-minute Apgar scores (F=10.64; p<0.001). In addition, yoga training had a significant effect on neonatal weight (t=5.123; p<0.001).
Conclusion Yoga training reduces the severity of labor pain in primiparous women and has beneficial effects for pregnant women and their infants.
Materials & Methods In this clinical trial, 80 primiparous pregnant women aged 25-35 years old referred to Sarem Hospital in Tehran, in 2017, were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into experimental (n=40) and control (n=40) groups. The experimental group started practicing yoga from the 14th week of pregnancy, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The severity of labor pain and Apgar scores were compared. The data were analyzed by SPSS 23 software using one-way analysis of variance, Tukey post hoc test, and independent t-test.
Findings Yoga training reduced the severity of labor pain in primiparous women (F=38.57; p<0.001). Also, yoga exercises had a significant effect on the first- and fifth-minute Apgar scores (F=10.64; p<0.001). In addition, yoga training had a significant effect on neonatal weight (t=5.123; p<0.001).
Conclusion Yoga training reduces the severity of labor pain in primiparous women and has beneficial effects for pregnant women and their infants.
CITATION LINKS
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[21]Jayashree R, Malini A, Rakhshani A, Nagendra H, Gunasheela S, Nagarathna R. Effect of the integrated approach of yoga therapy on platelet count and uric acid in pregnancy: A multicenter stratified randomized single-blind study. Int J Yoga. 2013;6(1):39-46.
[22]Mahmoodi F, Mobaraki A. Assessment of effects of Kegel exercises on reduction of perineal pain after episiotomy in primiparous women. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2014;17(95):18‐25. [Persian]
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[24]Aljasir B, Bryson M, Al-Shehri B. Yoga practice for the management of type II diabetes mellitus in adults: A systematic review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2010;7(4):399-408.
[25]Ross A, Thomas S. The health benefits of yoga and exercise: A review of comparison studies. J Altern Complement Med. 2010;16(1):3-12.
[26]Juhl M, Andersen PK, Olsen J, Madsen M, Jørgensen T, Nøhr EA, et al. Physical exercise during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth: A study within the Danish National Birth Cohort. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167(7):859-66.
[27]Hegaard HK, Hedegaard M, Damm P, Ottesen B, Petersson K, Henriksen TB. Leisure time physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of preterm delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;198(2):180.
[28]Foroud A, Foroud A, Mehdipour S. The effects of breathing patterns and massage on the pain and perception of labor in primiparous women. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2006;7(4):70-7. [Persian]
[29]Hajikazemi E, Heydari M, Feizi Z, Haghani H. Effect of physical exercise on pregnancy outcome. Iran J Nurs. 2000;13(25):15-22. [Persian]
[30]Sedaghati P, Agha Alinejad H, Arjmand A. The effect of an aerobic exercise course on the outcome of pregnancy. Olympic. 2006;14(2):63-72. [Persian]
[31]Rahmaninia F, Mohebbi H, Sam F. Comparison of the outcome of pregnancy and infant health at birth in mothers of athletes and non-athletes. Harakat. 2003;(16):39-56. [Persian]
[32]Bell RJ, Palma SM, Lumley JM. The effect of vigorous exercise during pregnancy on birth-weight. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1995;35(1):46-51.
[33]Collings CA, Curet LB, Mullin JP. Maternal and fetal responses to a maternal aerobic exercise program. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1983;145(6):702-7.
[2]Cheng YW, Hopkins LM, Laros RK Jr, Caughey AB. Duration of the second stage of labor in multiparous women: Maternal and neonatal outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;196(6):585.
[3]Hopkins SA, Baldi JC, Cutfield WS, Mc Cowan L, Hofman PL. Exercise training in pregnancy reduces offspring size without changes in maternal insulin sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(5):2080-8.
[4]Ghodsi Z, Asltoghiri M. Effects of aerobic exercise training on maternal and neonatal outcome: A randomized controlled trial on pregnant women in Iran. J Pak Med Assoc. 2014;64(9):1053-6.
[5]Gehan AA, Khadiga SA, Amir GA, Eman A. Efficacy of antenatal exercises on maternal and neonatal outcomes in elderly primigravida. Kasr Al Ainy Med J. 2015;21(3):109-14.
[6]Murtezani A, Paçarada M, Ibraimi Z, Nevzati A, Abazi N. The impact of exercise during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes: A randomized controlled trial. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2014;54(6):802-8.
[7]Jayakody O, Senanayake H. Effect of physical activity during pregnancy on birth outcomes in mothers presenting at the antenatal clinic of De Soysa Maternity Hospital, Colombo 08. Asia Pac J Multidiscip Res. 2015;3(2):76-82.
[8]Duncombe D, Wertheim EH, Skouteris H, Paxton SJ, Kelly L. Factors related to exercise over the course of pregnancy including women's beliefs about the safety of exercise during pregnancy. Midwifery. 2009;25(4):430-8.
[9]Gibbs RS, Karlan BY, Haney AF, Nygaard IE. Danforth's obstetrics and gynecology. 10th Edition. Philadelphia PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
[10]Barakat R, Stirling JR, Lucia A. Does exercise training during pregnancy affect gestational age? a randomised controlled trial. Br J Sports Med. 2008;42(8):674-8.
[11]Memari A, Ramim T, Amini M, Mehran A, Ajorlu A, Shakibaee P. Investigation of effects of aerobic exercise on pregnancy and its circumstances. Hayat. 2006;12(3):35-41. [Persian]
[12]Kramer MS, Mc Donald SW. Aerobic exercise for women during pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(3):CD000180.
[13]Martins RF, Pinto e Silva JL. Treatment of pregnancy-related lumbar and pelvic girdle pain by the yoga method: A randomized controlled study. J Altern Complement Med. 2014;20(1):24-31.
[14]Sun YC, Hung YC, Chang Y, Kuo SC. Effects of a prenatal yoga programme on the discomforts of pregnancy and maternal childbirth self-efficacy in Taiwan. Midwifery. 2010;26(6):e31-6.
[15]Sibbritt D, Adams J, Van Der Riet P. The prevalence and characteristics of young and mid-age women who use yoga and meditation: Results of a nationally representative survey of 19,209 Australian women. Complement Ther Med. 2011;19(2):71-7.
[16]Babbar S, Parks-Savage AC, Chauhan SP. Yoga during pregnancy: A review. Am J Perinatol. 2012;29(6):459-64.
[17]Price BB, Amini SB, Kappeler K. Exercise in pregnancy: Effect on fitness and obstetric outcomes-a randomized trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012;44(12):2263-9.
[18]Cavalcante SR, Cecatti JG, Pereira RI, Baciuk EP, Bernardo AL, Silveira C. Water aerobics II: Maternal body composition and perinatal outcomes after a program for low risk pregnant women. Reprod Health. 2009;6:1.
[19]Committee on Obstetric Practice American Academy of Pediatrics - Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Committee opinion No. 644: The Apgar score. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;126(4):e52-5.
[20]Montgomery KS. Apgar scores: Examining the long-term significance. J Perinat Educ. 2000;9(3):5-9.
[21]Jayashree R, Malini A, Rakhshani A, Nagendra H, Gunasheela S, Nagarathna R. Effect of the integrated approach of yoga therapy on platelet count and uric acid in pregnancy: A multicenter stratified randomized single-blind study. Int J Yoga. 2013;6(1):39-46.
[22]Mahmoodi F, Mobaraki A. Assessment of effects of Kegel exercises on reduction of perineal pain after episiotomy in primiparous women. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil. 2014;17(95):18‐25. [Persian]
[23]Hasanpour Azghadi SB, Salari E. The effect of training respiratory exercises on the severity of labor pain in primiparous women. Daneshvar Med. 2006;13(63):9-14. [Persian]
[24]Aljasir B, Bryson M, Al-Shehri B. Yoga practice for the management of type II diabetes mellitus in adults: A systematic review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2010;7(4):399-408.
[25]Ross A, Thomas S. The health benefits of yoga and exercise: A review of comparison studies. J Altern Complement Med. 2010;16(1):3-12.
[26]Juhl M, Andersen PK, Olsen J, Madsen M, Jørgensen T, Nøhr EA, et al. Physical exercise during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth: A study within the Danish National Birth Cohort. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167(7):859-66.
[27]Hegaard HK, Hedegaard M, Damm P, Ottesen B, Petersson K, Henriksen TB. Leisure time physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of preterm delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;198(2):180.
[28]Foroud A, Foroud A, Mehdipour S. The effects of breathing patterns and massage on the pain and perception of labor in primiparous women. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2006;7(4):70-7. [Persian]
[29]Hajikazemi E, Heydari M, Feizi Z, Haghani H. Effect of physical exercise on pregnancy outcome. Iran J Nurs. 2000;13(25):15-22. [Persian]
[30]Sedaghati P, Agha Alinejad H, Arjmand A. The effect of an aerobic exercise course on the outcome of pregnancy. Olympic. 2006;14(2):63-72. [Persian]
[31]Rahmaninia F, Mohebbi H, Sam F. Comparison of the outcome of pregnancy and infant health at birth in mothers of athletes and non-athletes. Harakat. 2003;(16):39-56. [Persian]
[32]Bell RJ, Palma SM, Lumley JM. The effect of vigorous exercise during pregnancy on birth-weight. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1995;35(1):46-51.
[33]Collings CA, Curet LB, Mullin JP. Maternal and fetal responses to a maternal aerobic exercise program. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1983;145(6):702-7.