@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2015;21(2):141-146
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2015;21(2):141-146
Modifiable Risk Factors on Preterm Birth: A Case-Control Study
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Eshgizadeh M. (1)Moshki M. (*)
Majeedi Z. (2)
Abdollahi M. (2)
(*) “Social Development & Health Promotion Research Centre” and “Public Health Department, Public Health School”, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
(1) “Social Development & Health Promotion Research Centre” and “Nursing Department, Nursing & Midwifery School”, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
(2) Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Near Asian Road, Gonabad, Iran. Postal Code: 9691793718Phone: +985157223028
Fax: +9851572240510
drmoshki@gmail.com
Article History
Received: November 21, 2014Accepted: May 18, 2015
ePublished: June 20, 2015
ABSTRACT
Aims
Preterm birth is an important unresolved issue that affected from biological, social, environmental stress and genetic factors. According to its importance, present study was conducted to identify of modifiable risk factor of preterm birth in Gonabad City, Iran.
Materials & Methods This case-control study was performed on 73 preterm and 160 term infants in 22th of Bahman Hospital of Gonabad City, Iran, in 2014. Sampling of case group was convenience and control group was random. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire from medical files and interviewing by mothers and then were analyzed by SPSS 18 and Chi-square, independent T, Exact Fisher, Kendall tau and logistic regression tests.
Findings Two groups were significantly different according to income levels, a history of premature birth, kind of delivery, occupation of father, location of residence, contribution in pregnancy classes (p<0.000), location of residence (p<0.001), number of children (p=0.046), unwanted pregnancy (p=0.005), mother's education level (p=0.042) and immigration status (p=0.012). A history of premature birth (OR=2.45; p=0.014), contribution in pregnancy classes (OR=2.81; p=0.007), income level (OR=0.068; p=0.002) and location of residence (OR=0.068; p=0.002) were predictors of preterm birth.
Conclusion A history of premature birth, contribution in pregnancy classes, income level and the location of residence were associated with chance of preterm birth.
Materials & Methods This case-control study was performed on 73 preterm and 160 term infants in 22th of Bahman Hospital of Gonabad City, Iran, in 2014. Sampling of case group was convenience and control group was random. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire from medical files and interviewing by mothers and then were analyzed by SPSS 18 and Chi-square, independent T, Exact Fisher, Kendall tau and logistic regression tests.
Findings Two groups were significantly different according to income levels, a history of premature birth, kind of delivery, occupation of father, location of residence, contribution in pregnancy classes (p<0.000), location of residence (p<0.001), number of children (p=0.046), unwanted pregnancy (p=0.005), mother's education level (p=0.042) and immigration status (p=0.012). A history of premature birth (OR=2.45; p=0.014), contribution in pregnancy classes (OR=2.81; p=0.007), income level (OR=0.068; p=0.002) and location of residence (OR=0.068; p=0.002) were predictors of preterm birth.
Conclusion A history of premature birth, contribution in pregnancy classes, income level and the location of residence were associated with chance of preterm birth.
CITATION LINKS
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[2]Rao CR, de Ruiter LE, Bhat P, Kamath V, Kamath A, Bhat V. A case-control study on risk factors for preterm deliveries in a secondary care hospital, southern India. ISRN Obstet Gynecol. 2014;935982.
[3]Kinney MV, Lawn JE, Howson CP, Belizan J. 15 million preterm birth annually: What has changed this year?. Reprod Health. 2012;9(28):1-4.
[4]Newnham CA, Milgrom J, Skouteris H. Effectiveness of a modified Mother-Infant Transaction Program on outcomes for preterm infants from 3 to 24 months of age. Infant Behav Dev. 2009;32(1):17-26.
[5]Veerapen MK, Pelaez L, Potter JE, Duthely L, Birusingh R, Rampersaud E, et al. Bridging the gaps between the histopathological and demographic risk factors of preterm birth in a unique Miami inner-city population. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2014;33(4):226-33.
[6]Kajantie E, Osmond C, Barker DJ, Eriksson JG. Preterm birth--a risk factor for type 2 diabetes? The Helsinki birth cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(12):2623-5.
[7]Esplin MS. Preterm birth: A review of genetic factors and future directions for genetic study. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2006;61(12):800-6.
[8]Alijahan R, Hazrati S, Mirzarahimi M, Pourfarzi F, Ahmadi Hadi P. Prevalence and risk factors associated with preterm birth in Ardabil, Iran. Iran J Reprod Med. 2014;12(1):47-56.
[9]Afrakhteh M, Ebrahimi S, Valaei N. Prevalence of preterm delivery and its related factors in females referring to Shohada Tajrish hospital, 1995-99. Pejouhandeh. 2003;7(4):341-43. [Persian]
[10]Dolatian M, Mirabzadeh A, Forouzan AS, Sajjadi H, Alavi Majd H, Moafi F. Preterm delivery and psycho-social determinants of health based on World Health Organization model in Iran: A narrative review. Glob J Health Sci. 2012;5(1):52-64.
[11]Balázs P, Rákóczi I, Grenzer A, Foley LK. Risk factors of preterm birth and low birth weight babies among Roma and non-Roma mothers: A population-based study. Eur J Public Health. 2012;23(3):480-5.
[12]Englund-Ogge L, Brantseter AL, Sengpiel V, Haugen M, Birgisdottir BE, Myhre R, et al. Maternal dietary patterns and preterm delivery: Results from large prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2014;348:G1446.
[13]Fisher S. Social inequalities in maternal and perinatal mortality: A Summary of research. NCT NewDigest. 2008;44:18-26.
[14]Thompson LA, Goodman DC, Charg CH, Stukel TA. Regional variation in rates of low birth weight. Pediatrics. 2005;116(5):1-8.
[15]Zhang YP, Liu XH, Gao SH, Wang JM, Gu YS, Zhang JY, et al. Risk factors for preterm birth in five Maternal and Child Health hospitals in Beijing. PLos One. 2012;7(12):e52780.
[16]Moghaddam Emami ME, Mahyar A, Kordi MH. Comparison of maternal risk factors in premature and term mewborns. J Qazvin Univ Med Sci. 2006;10(1):62-6. [Persian]
[17]Namakin K, Sharifzadeh GH, Malekizadeh AM. To identify the risk factors in prematurity birth in Birjand: A case-control study. Iran J Epidemol. 2011;7(3):1-5. [Persian]
[18]Kozuki N, Lee ACC, Silveira MF, Sania A, Vogel JP, Adair L and etal. The associations of parity and maternal age with small-for-gestational-age, preterm, and neonatal and infant mortality: A meta analysis. BMC Publ Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:52.
[19]Ebrahimi S, Haghbin S, Poormahmoodi A. Incidence and etiologic factors of prematurity. J Yasuj Univ Med Sci. 2000;5(19-20):35-41. [Persian]
[20]Eiríksdóttir VH, Ásgeirsdóttir TL, Bjarnadóttir RI, Kaestner R, Cnattingius S, Valdimarsdóttir UA. Low birth weight, small for gestational age and preterm births before and after the economic collapse in Iceland: A population based cohort study. PLos One. 2013;8(12):e80499.
[21]Pourarian Sh, Vafafar A, Zareh Z. The incidence of prematurity in the hospital of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, 1999. RJMS. 2002;9(28):19-25. [Persian]
[22]Mohammadian S, Vakili MA, Tabandeh A. Survey of related factors in prematurity birth. J Guilan Univ Med Sci. 2000;9(33-34):117-22. [Persian]
[23]Liu C, Urquia M, Cnattingius S, Hjern A. Migration and preterm birth in war refugees: A Swedish cohort study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2014;29(2):141-3.
[24]Rodrigues T, Barros H. Comparison of risk factors for small-for-gestational-age and preterm in a Portuguese cohort of newborns. Matern Child Health J. 2007;11(5):417-24.
[25]Derakhshi B, Esmailnasab N, Ghaderi E, Hematpour S. Risk factor of preterm labor in the west of Iran: A case-control study. Iran J Public Health. 2014;43(4):499-506.
[2]Rao CR, de Ruiter LE, Bhat P, Kamath V, Kamath A, Bhat V. A case-control study on risk factors for preterm deliveries in a secondary care hospital, southern India. ISRN Obstet Gynecol. 2014;935982.
[3]Kinney MV, Lawn JE, Howson CP, Belizan J. 15 million preterm birth annually: What has changed this year?. Reprod Health. 2012;9(28):1-4.
[4]Newnham CA, Milgrom J, Skouteris H. Effectiveness of a modified Mother-Infant Transaction Program on outcomes for preterm infants from 3 to 24 months of age. Infant Behav Dev. 2009;32(1):17-26.
[5]Veerapen MK, Pelaez L, Potter JE, Duthely L, Birusingh R, Rampersaud E, et al. Bridging the gaps between the histopathological and demographic risk factors of preterm birth in a unique Miami inner-city population. Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2014;33(4):226-33.
[6]Kajantie E, Osmond C, Barker DJ, Eriksson JG. Preterm birth--a risk factor for type 2 diabetes? The Helsinki birth cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(12):2623-5.
[7]Esplin MS. Preterm birth: A review of genetic factors and future directions for genetic study. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2006;61(12):800-6.
[8]Alijahan R, Hazrati S, Mirzarahimi M, Pourfarzi F, Ahmadi Hadi P. Prevalence and risk factors associated with preterm birth in Ardabil, Iran. Iran J Reprod Med. 2014;12(1):47-56.
[9]Afrakhteh M, Ebrahimi S, Valaei N. Prevalence of preterm delivery and its related factors in females referring to Shohada Tajrish hospital, 1995-99. Pejouhandeh. 2003;7(4):341-43. [Persian]
[10]Dolatian M, Mirabzadeh A, Forouzan AS, Sajjadi H, Alavi Majd H, Moafi F. Preterm delivery and psycho-social determinants of health based on World Health Organization model in Iran: A narrative review. Glob J Health Sci. 2012;5(1):52-64.
[11]Balázs P, Rákóczi I, Grenzer A, Foley LK. Risk factors of preterm birth and low birth weight babies among Roma and non-Roma mothers: A population-based study. Eur J Public Health. 2012;23(3):480-5.
[12]Englund-Ogge L, Brantseter AL, Sengpiel V, Haugen M, Birgisdottir BE, Myhre R, et al. Maternal dietary patterns and preterm delivery: Results from large prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2014;348:G1446.
[13]Fisher S. Social inequalities in maternal and perinatal mortality: A Summary of research. NCT NewDigest. 2008;44:18-26.
[14]Thompson LA, Goodman DC, Charg CH, Stukel TA. Regional variation in rates of low birth weight. Pediatrics. 2005;116(5):1-8.
[15]Zhang YP, Liu XH, Gao SH, Wang JM, Gu YS, Zhang JY, et al. Risk factors for preterm birth in five Maternal and Child Health hospitals in Beijing. PLos One. 2012;7(12):e52780.
[16]Moghaddam Emami ME, Mahyar A, Kordi MH. Comparison of maternal risk factors in premature and term mewborns. J Qazvin Univ Med Sci. 2006;10(1):62-6. [Persian]
[17]Namakin K, Sharifzadeh GH, Malekizadeh AM. To identify the risk factors in prematurity birth in Birjand: A case-control study. Iran J Epidemol. 2011;7(3):1-5. [Persian]
[18]Kozuki N, Lee ACC, Silveira MF, Sania A, Vogel JP, Adair L and etal. The associations of parity and maternal age with small-for-gestational-age, preterm, and neonatal and infant mortality: A meta analysis. BMC Publ Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:52.
[19]Ebrahimi S, Haghbin S, Poormahmoodi A. Incidence and etiologic factors of prematurity. J Yasuj Univ Med Sci. 2000;5(19-20):35-41. [Persian]
[20]Eiríksdóttir VH, Ásgeirsdóttir TL, Bjarnadóttir RI, Kaestner R, Cnattingius S, Valdimarsdóttir UA. Low birth weight, small for gestational age and preterm births before and after the economic collapse in Iceland: A population based cohort study. PLos One. 2013;8(12):e80499.
[21]Pourarian Sh, Vafafar A, Zareh Z. The incidence of prematurity in the hospital of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, 1999. RJMS. 2002;9(28):19-25. [Persian]
[22]Mohammadian S, Vakili MA, Tabandeh A. Survey of related factors in prematurity birth. J Guilan Univ Med Sci. 2000;9(33-34):117-22. [Persian]
[23]Liu C, Urquia M, Cnattingius S, Hjern A. Migration and preterm birth in war refugees: A Swedish cohort study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2014;29(2):141-3.
[24]Rodrigues T, Barros H. Comparison of risk factors for small-for-gestational-age and preterm in a Portuguese cohort of newborns. Matern Child Health J. 2007;11(5):417-24.
[25]Derakhshi B, Esmailnasab N, Ghaderi E, Hematpour S. Risk factor of preterm labor in the west of Iran: A case-control study. Iran J Public Health. 2014;43(4):499-506.