@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2018;24(3):223-230
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2018;24(3):223-230
Antifungal and Synergistic Effects of Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Green Tea with Itraconazole and Voriconazole on Aspergillus Species
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Sarkhani Moghaddam F (1)Fakoor MH (2)
Sabokbar A (*)
Ebrahimzadeh M (1)
(*) Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
(1) Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
(2) 2 Department of Microbiology, Hidaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hidaj, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, IranPhone: +98 (26) 32773730
Fax: +98 (26) 32773730
azar.sabokbar2017@gmail.com
Article History
Received: May 18, 2018Accepted: May 23, 2018
ePublished: July 23, 2018
ABSTRACT
Aims
In this study, the replacement of natural compounds such as green tea by
chemical drugs like itraconazole and voriconazole was studied.
Materials & Methods In this study, the effects of the aqueous and methanol extracts of green tea and the synergistic effects of these two extracts were studied along with two drugs of itraconazole and voriconazole against four strains of Aspergillus accordaing to microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC).
Findings Two strains of A.flavus ATCC39 and A.terreus ATCC274 are sensitive to itraconazole while two other strains were resistant. All four tested strains were resistant to voriconazole. The aqueous and methanol extracts of green tea did not show antifungal effect but synergistic effects of aqueous extract of green tea and itraconazole were worthwhile against A.niger ATCC9142 and A.fumigatus ATCC278. Also, the combined methanol extracts of green tea and itraconazole against A.niger ATCC9142 and the combined aqueous extracts of green tea and voriconazole against A.flavus ATCC 39 and A.fumigatus ATCC278 were reported valuable.
Conclusion The results of this study showed that there is a valuable synergistic effect between the tested antifungal drugs and the extracts.
Materials & Methods In this study, the effects of the aqueous and methanol extracts of green tea and the synergistic effects of these two extracts were studied along with two drugs of itraconazole and voriconazole against four strains of Aspergillus accordaing to microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC).
Findings Two strains of A.flavus ATCC39 and A.terreus ATCC274 are sensitive to itraconazole while two other strains were resistant. All four tested strains were resistant to voriconazole. The aqueous and methanol extracts of green tea did not show antifungal effect but synergistic effects of aqueous extract of green tea and itraconazole were worthwhile against A.niger ATCC9142 and A.fumigatus ATCC278. Also, the combined methanol extracts of green tea and itraconazole against A.niger ATCC9142 and the combined aqueous extracts of green tea and voriconazole against A.flavus ATCC 39 and A.fumigatus ATCC278 were reported valuable.
Conclusion The results of this study showed that there is a valuable synergistic effect between the tested antifungal drugs and the extracts.
CITATION LINKS
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[2]Lamoth F. Aspergillus fumigatus-Related Species in Clinical Practice. Front Microbiol. 2016;7(683):1-8.
[3]Van Der Linden JW, Arendrup MC, Warris A, Lagrou K, Pelloux H, Hauser PM, et al. Prospective multicenter international surveillance of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21(6):1041–4.
[4]Lazzarini C, Esposto MC, Prigitano A, Cogliati M, De Lorenzis G, Tortorano AM. Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates from an Italian culture collection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016;60(1):682-5.
[5]Zia udden N, Shahid M. Determination of bioactive properties of different temperature Camellia sinensis (Green tea). Am J Food Nutr. 2017;5(1):10-8.
[6]Farhad Mollashahi N, Bokaeian M, Farhad Mollashahi L, Afrougheh A. Antifungal efficacy of green tea extract against Candida albicans biofilm on tooth substrate. J Dent. 2015;12(8):592-8.
[7]Sigei EC, Muturi M, Bii C. Antifungal activities of Camellia sinensis crude extract, mixture with milk, on selected pathogenic and mycotoxic fungi. J Med Plants Res. 2015;9(42):1070-80.
[8]Sigei EC, Muturi M, Bii C. Antifungal activities of Camellia sinensis crude extract on selected pathogenic and mycotoxic fungi. J Bacteriol Mycol. 2015;2(2):1015.
[9]Anand J, Gautam P, Rai N. Comparative study of antibacterial and anti-proliferative potential of grean tea from different geographical locations in India. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2015;8(1):253-8.
[10]Madhura MG, Shweta RD, Weerendra Kumar B, Savithri D, Gajalakshmi S, Soumya BV. Antifungal effect of green tea extracts on oral Candida species: An in vitro study. J Adv Clin Res Ins. 2016;3(1):1-4.
[11]Kate G, Davey, Ann D. Holmes, Elizabeth M. Johnson, Adrien Szekely, David W. Warnock. Comparative evaluation of fungitest and broth microdilution methods for antifungal drug susceptibility testing of Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans. J Clin Microbiol. 1998;36(4):926-30.
[12]Naeini A, Jalayer Naderi N, Shokri H. Analysis and in vitro anti-Candida antifungal activity of Cuminum cyminum and Salvadora persica herbs extracts against pathogenic Candida strains. J Med Mycol. 2014;24(1):13-8.
[13]Fakoor MH, Rasooli I. Pathogen control by antioxidative characteristics of Cuminum cyminum and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Acta Hortic. 2008;786:125-36.
[14]Mohammadpour H, Moghimipour E, Rasooli I, Fakoor MH, Alipoor Astaneh Sh, Shehni Moosaie S, Jalili Z. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Cuminum cyminum L. essential oil from Alborz mountain against Aspergillus species. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod. 2012;7(2):50-5.
[15]Rasooli I, Fakoor MH, Yadegarinia D, Gachkar L, Allameh A, Rezaei MB. Antimycotoxigenic characteristics of Rosmarinus officinalis and Trachyspermum copticum L. essential oils. Int J Food Microbiol. 2008;122(1-2):135-9.
[16]Rasooli I, Fakoor MH, Allameh AA, Rezaee MB, Owlia P. Phytoprevention of aflatoxin production. J Med Plants. 2009;8(5):97-104.
[17]Mousavi B, Hedayati MT, Hedayati N, Ilkit M, Syedmousavi S. Aspergillus species in indoor environments and their possible occupational and public health hazards. Curr Med Mycol. 2016;2(1):36-42.
[18]Kemoi EK, Nyerere A, Gross U, Bader O, Gonoi T, Bill C. Diversity of azoles resistant Aspergillus species isolated from experience and naïve soils in Nairobi County and Naivasha sub-county Kenya. Eur Sci J. 2017;13(36):301-11.
[19]Reygaert CW. An Update on the health benefits of green tea. Beverages J. 2017;3(6):1-14.
[20]Haramain, S E, Almaghboul, A Z, Ahmed, A O. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of Chinese green tea (Camellia sinensis L). ARPN J Sci Technol. 2015 May; 5(5):246-52.
[21]Naeini AR, Shayegh S, Shokri H. In vitro antifungal effect of herbal mixture (Nigella sativa, Foeniculum vulgare and Camellia sinensis) against Candida species isolated from denture wearers. J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2017;6(2):74-9.
[22]Almada A. Leveraging the science behind tea. J Funct Foods. 2005;3:34-5.
[23]Park BJ, Taguchi H, Kamei K, Matsuzawa T, Hyon SH, Park JC. In vitro antifungal activity of epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate against clinical isolates of dermatophytes. Yonsei Med J. 2011;52:535-8.
[24]Archana S, Abraham J. Comparative analysis of antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts from fresh green tea, commercial green tea and black tea on pathogens. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2001;8(1):149-52.
[2]Lamoth F. Aspergillus fumigatus-Related Species in Clinical Practice. Front Microbiol. 2016;7(683):1-8.
[3]Van Der Linden JW, Arendrup MC, Warris A, Lagrou K, Pelloux H, Hauser PM, et al. Prospective multicenter international surveillance of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21(6):1041–4.
[4]Lazzarini C, Esposto MC, Prigitano A, Cogliati M, De Lorenzis G, Tortorano AM. Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates from an Italian culture collection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016;60(1):682-5.
[5]Zia udden N, Shahid M. Determination of bioactive properties of different temperature Camellia sinensis (Green tea). Am J Food Nutr. 2017;5(1):10-8.
[6]Farhad Mollashahi N, Bokaeian M, Farhad Mollashahi L, Afrougheh A. Antifungal efficacy of green tea extract against Candida albicans biofilm on tooth substrate. J Dent. 2015;12(8):592-8.
[7]Sigei EC, Muturi M, Bii C. Antifungal activities of Camellia sinensis crude extract, mixture with milk, on selected pathogenic and mycotoxic fungi. J Med Plants Res. 2015;9(42):1070-80.
[8]Sigei EC, Muturi M, Bii C. Antifungal activities of Camellia sinensis crude extract on selected pathogenic and mycotoxic fungi. J Bacteriol Mycol. 2015;2(2):1015.
[9]Anand J, Gautam P, Rai N. Comparative study of antibacterial and anti-proliferative potential of grean tea from different geographical locations in India. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2015;8(1):253-8.
[10]Madhura MG, Shweta RD, Weerendra Kumar B, Savithri D, Gajalakshmi S, Soumya BV. Antifungal effect of green tea extracts on oral Candida species: An in vitro study. J Adv Clin Res Ins. 2016;3(1):1-4.
[11]Kate G, Davey, Ann D. Holmes, Elizabeth M. Johnson, Adrien Szekely, David W. Warnock. Comparative evaluation of fungitest and broth microdilution methods for antifungal drug susceptibility testing of Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans. J Clin Microbiol. 1998;36(4):926-30.
[12]Naeini A, Jalayer Naderi N, Shokri H. Analysis and in vitro anti-Candida antifungal activity of Cuminum cyminum and Salvadora persica herbs extracts against pathogenic Candida strains. J Med Mycol. 2014;24(1):13-8.
[13]Fakoor MH, Rasooli I. Pathogen control by antioxidative characteristics of Cuminum cyminum and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Acta Hortic. 2008;786:125-36.
[14]Mohammadpour H, Moghimipour E, Rasooli I, Fakoor MH, Alipoor Astaneh Sh, Shehni Moosaie S, Jalili Z. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Cuminum cyminum L. essential oil from Alborz mountain against Aspergillus species. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod. 2012;7(2):50-5.
[15]Rasooli I, Fakoor MH, Yadegarinia D, Gachkar L, Allameh A, Rezaei MB. Antimycotoxigenic characteristics of Rosmarinus officinalis and Trachyspermum copticum L. essential oils. Int J Food Microbiol. 2008;122(1-2):135-9.
[16]Rasooli I, Fakoor MH, Allameh AA, Rezaee MB, Owlia P. Phytoprevention of aflatoxin production. J Med Plants. 2009;8(5):97-104.
[17]Mousavi B, Hedayati MT, Hedayati N, Ilkit M, Syedmousavi S. Aspergillus species in indoor environments and their possible occupational and public health hazards. Curr Med Mycol. 2016;2(1):36-42.
[18]Kemoi EK, Nyerere A, Gross U, Bader O, Gonoi T, Bill C. Diversity of azoles resistant Aspergillus species isolated from experience and naïve soils in Nairobi County and Naivasha sub-county Kenya. Eur Sci J. 2017;13(36):301-11.
[19]Reygaert CW. An Update on the health benefits of green tea. Beverages J. 2017;3(6):1-14.
[20]Haramain, S E, Almaghboul, A Z, Ahmed, A O. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of Chinese green tea (Camellia sinensis L). ARPN J Sci Technol. 2015 May; 5(5):246-52.
[21]Naeini AR, Shayegh S, Shokri H. In vitro antifungal effect of herbal mixture (Nigella sativa, Foeniculum vulgare and Camellia sinensis) against Candida species isolated from denture wearers. J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2017;6(2):74-9.
[22]Almada A. Leveraging the science behind tea. J Funct Foods. 2005;3:34-5.
[23]Park BJ, Taguchi H, Kamei K, Matsuzawa T, Hyon SH, Park JC. In vitro antifungal activity of epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate against clinical isolates of dermatophytes. Yonsei Med J. 2011;52:535-8.
[24]Archana S, Abraham J. Comparative analysis of antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts from fresh green tea, commercial green tea and black tea on pathogens. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2001;8(1):149-52.