@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2020;12(2):101-107
ISSN: 2008-2630 Iranian Journal of War & Public Health 2020;12(2):101-107
Effect of Perceived Social Support Components on Happiness of Physical Veterans’ Wives in Zanjan, Iran
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Descriptive & Survey StudyAuthors
Shams N. (1)Payami Bousari M. (*1)
Heyadari Some A. (2)
Fallah R. (3)
(1) Department of Nursing Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
(2) Zanjan Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs, Zanjan , Iran
(3) Department of Biological Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan , Iran
Correspondence
Address: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Centeral Capmus of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Dr Sobouti (Gavazang) Blvd., Zanjan, Iran. Postal Code: 4513956113Phone: +98 (24) 33148318
Fax: +98 (24) 33148319
mitra_payami@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: March 9, 2020Accepted: May 14, 2020
ePublished: June 17, 2020
ABSTRACT
Aims
This study investigated the effect of perceived social support on the happiness of the wives of Zanjan physical veterans.
Instrument & Methods This is a descriptive correlational study. 188 wives of physical veterans with a percentage of 40% and above were selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected through Oxford and Zimet questionnaires and analyzed by multivariate regression in SPSS 25 software.
Findings The age group of 45 to 54 years, with 60.6%, had the highest frequency. 55.9% of veterans' wives’ happiness level was high, 41% moderate, and 3.2% low. Among the happiness components, the lowest mean was related to the aesthetic (1.85) and the highest to self-efficacy (2.27). 78.72% of veterans' wives reported high perceived social support, 15.50% moderate, and 5.85% low. The highest averages were obtained from family (4.02), community (3.92), and friends (2.91), respectively. There was a significant relationship between the components of happiness and perceived social support (p<0.05). The results showed that the correlation coefficient of social support components with happiness (MR=0.443 and RS=0.96) was significant (p<0.00), and 19.6% of the variance of happiness is explained by the dimensions of perceived social support Among the three types of social support, only family support was predictive of happiness (p<0.00).
Conclusion Family support plays a major role in the happiness of physical veterans’ wives.
Instrument & Methods This is a descriptive correlational study. 188 wives of physical veterans with a percentage of 40% and above were selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected through Oxford and Zimet questionnaires and analyzed by multivariate regression in SPSS 25 software.
Findings The age group of 45 to 54 years, with 60.6%, had the highest frequency. 55.9% of veterans' wives’ happiness level was high, 41% moderate, and 3.2% low. Among the happiness components, the lowest mean was related to the aesthetic (1.85) and the highest to self-efficacy (2.27). 78.72% of veterans' wives reported high perceived social support, 15.50% moderate, and 5.85% low. The highest averages were obtained from family (4.02), community (3.92), and friends (2.91), respectively. There was a significant relationship between the components of happiness and perceived social support (p<0.05). The results showed that the correlation coefficient of social support components with happiness (MR=0.443 and RS=0.96) was significant (p<0.00), and 19.6% of the variance of happiness is explained by the dimensions of perceived social support Among the three types of social support, only family support was predictive of happiness (p<0.00).
Conclusion Family support plays a major role in the happiness of physical veterans’ wives.
CITATION LINKS
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[26]Salimi A, Joukar B, Nikpour R. Internet and communication: Perceived social support and loneliness as antecedent variables. Psychol Stud. 2009;5(3):81-102. [Persian]
[27]Ghahremani Khosroshahi F. The analysis of psychosocial factors affecting on the feeling of happiness among youths(18-29) of Tehran [Dissertation]. Mazandaran: University of Mazandaran Faculty of social and Human Science; 2012. [Persian]
[28]Hojjati H, Ebadi A, Zare K, Akoundzadeh G, Alostani J, Nouhi E. Relationship between social support and quality of life dimensions of spouses of veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Mil Caring Sci. 2017;4(2):87-94. [Persian]
[29]Saleh S, Zahedi Asl M. Correlation of social support with social health of psychiatry veterans wives. Iran J War Public Health. 2014;6(5):201-6. [Persian]
[30]Hoseini Amin SN, Nami M, Zare Mohmood Abadi MA. The Impact of Social Support on Quality of Life for Women in Tehran. Second International Conference on Management, Accounting, Economics and Social Sciences. Hamedan: Islamic Azad University; 2019. [Persian]
[31]Eskafi Noghani M. An interactive study of the effect of social economic status and support on life quality and mental happiness of veterans’ wives with post-traumatic stress disorder in Mashhad. J Mil Med. 2017;19(3):274-81. [Persian]
[32]Schiffrin HH, Nelson SK. Stressed and happy? Investigating the relationship between happiness and perceived stress. J Happiness Stud. 2010;11(1):33-9.
[33]Ghasemi S, Pooladi Reyshari A, Ghasemi K, Ghasemi O. The role of social support in predicting students' self-esteem and happiness. World Congress on Management of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences. Shiraz: Shiraz University; 2017.
[34]Shirvani Fa. A study of the effects of social support elements from retired elders om their social happiness (Case study,retirement association of the Islamic republic of Iran) [Dissertation]. Tehran: Islamic Azad University; 2013. [Persian]
[35]Keykhosravi Beygzadeh Z, Rezaei A, Khalouei Y. The Relationship Between Social Support and Life Satisfaction With Happiness Among Home-Dwelling Older Adults in Shiraz. Salmand. 2015;10(2):172-9. [Persian]
[36]Jun W, Jo M. Factor affecting happiness among nursing students in South Korea. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2016;23(6-7):419-26.
[37]Dominguez-Fuentes JM, Hombrados-Mendieta MI. Social support and happiness in immigrant women in Spain. Psychol Rep. 2012;110(3):977-90.
[2]Desmond DM. Coping, affective distress, and psychosocial adjustment among people with traumatic upper limb amputations. J Psychosom Res. 2007;62(1):15-21.
[3]Badura-Brzoza K, Matysiakiewicz J, Piegza M, Rycerski W, Niedziela U, Hese R. Sociodemographic factors and their influence on anxiety and depression in patients after limb amputation. Psychiatr Pol. 2006;40(2):335-45.
[4]Sales E. Family burden and quality of life. Qual Life Res. 2003;12(1):33-41.
[5]Nejati V, Ahmadi K. Evaluation of epidemiology of chronic disease in Iranian psychiatric veterans. Iran J War Public Health. 2010;2(4):8-12. [Persian]
[6]Islamic Parliament Research Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Comprehensive law on services to veterans. Tehran: Islamic Parliament Research Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran; 2007 [Unknown Cited]. Available from: https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/840522. [Persian]
[7]Moghtader L. Relationship between religious beliefs and stress coping strategies in psychological resilience and marital satisfaction of veterans wives. J Guilan Uni Med Sci. 2017;26(103):37-45. [Persian]
[8]Kakania M, Naderi R. Comparison of life expectancy, quality of life and marital satisfaction among veterans of war veterans and normal people. First International Conference on Management Patterns in the Progressive Era. Tehran: Islamic Azad University; 2017. [Persian]
[9]Haditabar H, Navabinejad S, Ahghar G. Effect Of Training Spiritual Intelligence On Quality Of Life Among Veteran Spouses. Iran J War Public Health. 2012;4(2):1-11. [Persian]
[10]Pressman SD, Cohen S. Does positive affect influence health?. Psychological bulletin. 2005;131(6):925-71.
[11]Khalatbari J, Bahari S. Relationship between resilience and satisfaction of life. J Educ Psychol. 2010;1(2):83-94. [Persian]
[12]Boehm JK, Lyubomirsky S, Sheldon KM. A longitudinal experimental study comparing the effectiveness of happiness-enhancing strategies in Anglo Americans and Asian Americans. Cogn Emot. 2011;25(7):1263-72.
[13]Aminpoor H, Naghadeh SA. The relationship between hardiness and happiness in students of Payame Noor University. J Educ Manag Stud. 2014;4(2):293-7.
[14]Wu CY, Prosser RA, Taylor JY. Association of depressive symptoms and social support on blood pressure among urban African American women and girls. J Am Acad Nurs Pract. 2010;22(12):694-704.
[15]Heidarzadeh M, Ghahremanian A, Hagigat A, Yoosefi E. Relationship between quality of life and social support in stroke patients. Iran J Nurs. 2009;22(59):23-32. [Persian]
[16]Ebrahimi A, Bolhari J, Zolfaghari F. Stress coping strategies and social support in depressive veterans with spinal cord injury. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol. 2002;8(2):40-8. [Persian]
[17]Abdollahzade Rafi M, Hassanzadeh M, Ahmadi SH, Taheri M, Hosseini M. Relationship between social support with depression and anxiety during third trimester pregnancy. Iran J Nurs Res. 2012;7(26):1-10. [Persian]
[18]Bruwer B, Emsley R, Kidd M, Lochner C, Seedat S. Psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in youth. Compr Psychiatry. 2008;49(2):195-201.
[19]Tol A, Majlessi F, Rahimi A, Shojaeizadeh D, Mohebbi B. The Relationship between perceived social support from family and diabetes control among patients with diabetes type 1 and type 2. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2011;10:21.
[20]Clara IP, Cox BJ, Enns MW, Murray LT, Torgrudc LJ. Confirmatory factor analysis of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support in clinically distressed and student samples. J Pers Assess. 2003;81(3):265-70.
[21]Kazemi AS, Banijamali SA, Ahadi H, Farrokhi N. Evaluation of effectiveness of training cognitive behavioral strategies in the secondary traumatic stress disorder (STSD) symptoms and psychological problems among devotees' wives with chronic PTSD due to war. J Med Sci. 2012;22(2):122-9. [Persian]
[22]Mansfield AJ, Williams J, Hourani LL, Babeu LA. Measurement invariance of post traumatic stress disorder symptoms among U.S. military personnel. J Trauma Stress. 2010;23(1):91-9.
[23]Salahaldin S. Investigating the association between social support and social health among psychiatric veterans wives in tehran. J Soc Mork. 2014;3(7):34-43. [Persian]
[24]Babanazari L, Taghavi MR. Effective factors on level of morale, happiness and life expectancy in families of soldiers killed in war and veterans' families; case study of Fars province. Iran J Isaar Stud. 2020;1(2):83-92. [Persian]
[25]Alipoor A, Noorbala AA. A preliminary evaluation of the validity and reliability of the Oxford happiness questionnaire in students in the universities of Tehran. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol. 1999;5(1):55-66. [Persian]
[26]Salimi A, Joukar B, Nikpour R. Internet and communication: Perceived social support and loneliness as antecedent variables. Psychol Stud. 2009;5(3):81-102. [Persian]
[27]Ghahremani Khosroshahi F. The analysis of psychosocial factors affecting on the feeling of happiness among youths(18-29) of Tehran [Dissertation]. Mazandaran: University of Mazandaran Faculty of social and Human Science; 2012. [Persian]
[28]Hojjati H, Ebadi A, Zare K, Akoundzadeh G, Alostani J, Nouhi E. Relationship between social support and quality of life dimensions of spouses of veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Mil Caring Sci. 2017;4(2):87-94. [Persian]
[29]Saleh S, Zahedi Asl M. Correlation of social support with social health of psychiatry veterans wives. Iran J War Public Health. 2014;6(5):201-6. [Persian]
[30]Hoseini Amin SN, Nami M, Zare Mohmood Abadi MA. The Impact of Social Support on Quality of Life for Women in Tehran. Second International Conference on Management, Accounting, Economics and Social Sciences. Hamedan: Islamic Azad University; 2019. [Persian]
[31]Eskafi Noghani M. An interactive study of the effect of social economic status and support on life quality and mental happiness of veterans’ wives with post-traumatic stress disorder in Mashhad. J Mil Med. 2017;19(3):274-81. [Persian]
[32]Schiffrin HH, Nelson SK. Stressed and happy? Investigating the relationship between happiness and perceived stress. J Happiness Stud. 2010;11(1):33-9.
[33]Ghasemi S, Pooladi Reyshari A, Ghasemi K, Ghasemi O. The role of social support in predicting students' self-esteem and happiness. World Congress on Management of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences. Shiraz: Shiraz University; 2017.
[34]Shirvani Fa. A study of the effects of social support elements from retired elders om their social happiness (Case study,retirement association of the Islamic republic of Iran) [Dissertation]. Tehran: Islamic Azad University; 2013. [Persian]
[35]Keykhosravi Beygzadeh Z, Rezaei A, Khalouei Y. The Relationship Between Social Support and Life Satisfaction With Happiness Among Home-Dwelling Older Adults in Shiraz. Salmand. 2015;10(2):172-9. [Persian]
[36]Jun W, Jo M. Factor affecting happiness among nursing students in South Korea. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2016;23(6-7):419-26.
[37]Dominguez-Fuentes JM, Hombrados-Mendieta MI. Social support and happiness in immigrant women in Spain. Psychol Rep. 2012;110(3):977-90.