@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2383-3483 Journal of Police Medicine 2019;8(3):131-136
ISSN: 2383-3483 Journal of Police Medicine 2019;8(3):131-136
Level and Effective Factors of Depression in the Police Staff of Sanandaj City, Iran
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Najari M. (*)Karimi K. (1)
Bibak F. (2)
(*) Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, Bokan Center, Elmi Karbordi University, Bukan, Iran
(1) Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran
(2) Applicable Researches Office, Kurdistan Provincial Police Command, Sanandaj, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, Bokan Center, Elmi Karbordi University, Bukan, IranPhone: -
Fax: -
najari.masoud@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: December 30, 2018Accepted: April 20, 2019
ePublished: June 15, 2019
ABSTRACT
Aims
Police personnel are exposed to several stressors that could lead to depression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the level and the effective factors on depression in police officers in Sanandaj City, Iran.
Materials & Methods This descriptive correlational study was carried out among all staff of NAJA in Sanandaj city, Iran in 2017-2018 and 180 people were selected through relative class random sampling method. Beck Depression Inventory, NEO Personality Characteristics and Researcher's Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire were used for collecting data. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data.
Findings 31.1% of NAJA staff were suffering from depression. They were identified as 12.2% with low depression, 13.9% with medium depression and 5% with severe depression. Age, type of residence and marital status positively and significantly and monthly income negatively and significantly predicted the rate of depression of NAJA staff. Also, extroversion, conscientiousness and agreeableness negatively and significantly, and neuroticism and openness positively and significantly predicted the rate of depression of NAJA staff.
Conclusion All personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness) and age, type of residence, marital status and income affects depression of police officers.
Materials & Methods This descriptive correlational study was carried out among all staff of NAJA in Sanandaj city, Iran in 2017-2018 and 180 people were selected through relative class random sampling method. Beck Depression Inventory, NEO Personality Characteristics and Researcher's Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire were used for collecting data. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data.
Findings 31.1% of NAJA staff were suffering from depression. They were identified as 12.2% with low depression, 13.9% with medium depression and 5% with severe depression. Age, type of residence and marital status positively and significantly and monthly income negatively and significantly predicted the rate of depression of NAJA staff. Also, extroversion, conscientiousness and agreeableness negatively and significantly, and neuroticism and openness positively and significantly predicted the rate of depression of NAJA staff.
Conclusion All personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness) and age, type of residence, marital status and income affects depression of police officers.
CITATION LINKS
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[33]Islankhani MA, Faraji A, Shamsipour Dehkordi P, Shams A, Ghasemian Moghadam MR. The relation of personality traits with depression severity in active and non-active elderly women in Tehran city. Salmand. 2010;5(16):46-53. [Persian]
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[2]Bartone PT, Johnsen BH, Eid J, Brun W, Laberg JC. Factors influencing small unit cohesion in Norwegian Navy officer cadets. Mil Psychol. 2002;14(1):1-22.
[3]Frotani MR. Depression in some college students. Iran J Nurs. 2005;18(41-42):123-30. [Persian]
[4]Kendler KS, Gardner CO, Prescott CA. Toward a comprehensive developmental model for major depression in men. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163(1):115-24.
[5]Momeni F. Effectiveness of emotion regulation training on depression, anxiety, and emotional dysregulation in female university students living in dormitories. J Behav Sci Res. 2016;14(1):64-71. [Persian]
[6]Mush EJ, Wolf DE. Child psychiatry. 3rd edition. Tehran: Avaye Noor; 2011. [Persian]
[7]Nikkhoo MR. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th edition. Tehran: Sokhan; 2007. [Persian]
[8]Saduk B, Saduk V. Pocket HAndbook of Clinical Psychiatry. 6th edition. Tehran: Azadeh; 2001. [Persian]
[9]Greenberg PE, Kessler RC, Nells TL, Finkelstein SN, Berndt ER. Depression in the workplace: An economic perspective. In: Feighner JP, Boyer WF, editors. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: Advances in basic research and clinical practice. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1996: pp. 327-63.
[10]Williams CD, Schouten R. Assessment of occupational impairment and disability from depression. J Occup Environ Med. 2008;50(4):441-50.
[11]Mehriar AH. Depression, conceptions and cognitive therapy. 1st edition. Tehran: Growth; 2007. [Persian]
[12]Azizi S, Ebrahimi MT, Shamshirian A, Houshmand Sh, Ebrahimi M, Seyyed Esmaeili SF, et al. depression rate of students in paramedical school of Mazandaran university of medical sciences in 2013. Tabariz Prev Med J. 2015;1(3):41-8. [Persian]
[13]Mirza'i M, Sahaf R, Mirza'i S, Sepahand E, Pakdel A, Shamshadi H. Depression and its associated factors in elderly nursing home residents: A screening study in Khorramabad. Salmand. 2015;10(1):51-7. [Persian]
[14]Montazeri A, Mousavi SJ, Omidvari S, Tavousi M, Hashemi A, Rostami T. Depression in Iran: Systematic review of research texts. Payesh. 2013;12(6):567-94. [Persian]
[15]Alizadeh Z, Rejali M, Feizi A, Afshar H, Hasanzadeh A, Adibi P. Investigation of psychological disorders profile (anxiety, depression and psychological distress) in adult population of Isfahan province. J Torbat Heydariyeh Univ Med Sci. 2016;3(4):42-8. [Persian]
[16]Amani F, Sohrabi B, Sadeghieh S, Mashaofi M. The prevalence of depression among students of Ardabil university of medical sciences, 2003. J Ardabil Univ Med Sci. 2004;4(1):7-11. [Persian]
[17]Kaviani H, Ahmadi Abheri SA, Fatri H, Hormozi K. The prevalence of depression disorders in Tehran. J Tehran Univ Med Sci. 2002;60(5):393. [Persian]
[18]Khan MS, Mahmood S, Badshah A, Ali SU, Jamal Y. Prevalence of depression, anxiety and their associated factors among medical students in Karachi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2006;56(12):583-6.
[19]Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Shanafelt TD. Systematic review of depression, anxiety, and other indicators of psychological distress among US and Canadian medical students. Acad Med. 2006;81(4):354-73.
[20]- Delawar,A. Research method in psychology and educational sciences. 15th edition. Tehran: Virayesh; 2006. [Persian]
[21]Bahrami M, Dehdashti A, Karami M. Prevalence of depression and some of its effective factors in students of school of public health, Semnan university of medical sciences. Zanko J Med Sci. 2017:18(58):24-32. [Persian]
[22]Ershadi Kia B, Shajari A, Tayebi F, yaghubifar M-A. Identifying the prevalence and contributing factors of depression in students of health and health-related schools of Sabzevar university of medical sciences in academic year 2009-2010. J Stud Res Cent. 2015;6(1):33-43. [Persian]
[23]Elhaghi M. Relationship between personality trait and family conflict in employees of agricultural research and education organization [Dissertation]. Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University; 2008. [Persian]
[24]Azad Marzabadi E. Stressor and their relative variables in militants. J Mil Med. 2010;11(4):213-7. [Persian]
[25]Baghiyani Moghadam MH, Ehrampush MH, Rahimi B, Aminian AH, Aram M. Prevalence of depression among successful and unsuccessful students of Public Health and Nursing-Midwifery schools of Shahid Sadoughi university of medical sciences in 2008. J Med Educ Deve. 2011;6(1):17-24. [Persian]
[26]Ilderabadi E, Firouzkouhi MR, Mazlum SR, Navidian A. Prevalence of depression among students of Zabol Medical School, 2002. Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2004;6(2):15-21. [Persian]
[27]Rivaz M, Shokrallahi P, Qadkarpur S, Zarshenas L. Depression and its related factors in female students of nursing midwifery faculty. J Women Soc. 2013;4(3):63-84. [Persian]
[28]Alipour R, Ebrahimi AH, Omidi R, Hedayati A, Ranjbar H, Hossein Pour S. Depression, anxiety, stress and related demographic variables in nurses of Valiasr hospital in Fasa university of medical sciences in 2014. Pajouhan Sci J. 2015;13(4):51-9. [Persian]
[29]Tavakolizadeh, Jamali Z, Safarzadeh S. Role of depression, anxiety and demographical factors in predicting the quality of life of retired elderly of Gonabad city. Horizone Med Sci. 2015; 21 (4): 129-135. [Persian]
[30]Vakili M, Eslami Farsani SH, Hossein SM, Dehghani Tafti MH. Prevalence of depression and its related factors among truck drivers in Yazd province, 2008. Iran Occup Health. 2010;6(4):66-73. [Persian]
[31]Khajeh Nasiri F. A study of depression prevalence of nurses and its effective factors in Tehran Emam Khomeini Hospital. Tehran Univ Med. 2000;58(1):10-4. [Persian]
[32]Falah R, Farhadi S, Amini C, Mohajeri M. Prevalence of depression in employees of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. J Adv Med Biomed Res. 2011;19(75):107-13. [Persian]
[33]Islankhani MA, Faraji A, Shamsipour Dehkordi P, Shams A, Ghasemian Moghadam MR. The relation of personality traits with depression severity in active and non-active elderly women in Tehran city. Salmand. 2010;5(16):46-53. [Persian]
[34]Cont JM, Jacobs RR. Validity evidence linking polyhcronicity and big five personality dimensions to lateness and supervisory performance rating. Hum Perform. 2003;16(2):107-29.
[35]Heydari M, Nouri A. Studying the role of personality traits in predicting imposter and depression symptoms among delinquent high school girls. Knowledge Res Appl Psychol. 2016;17(4):95-102. [Persian]