@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2015;21(2):135-140
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2015;21(2):135-140
Effects of 6 weeks resistance training on Body Composition, serum Leptin and muscle strength in non-athletic men
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Moonikh Kh. (*)Kashef M. (1)
Azad A. (2)
Ghasemnian A. (2)
(*) Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
(1) Physical Education & Sport Sciences Department, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
(2) Physical Education & Sport Sciences Department, Human Sciences Faculty, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
Correspondence
Address: No. 2404, Hammat 8, Phase 2, Elahieh Town, Zanjan, IranPhone: +982433522655
Fax: -
kh.moonikh@gmail.com
Article History
Received: November 25, 2014Accepted: May 10, 2015
ePublished: June 20, 2015
ABSTRACT
Aims
Leptin is a polypeptide that is correlated with body weight changes and energy consumption and affected by exercise training. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of 6 weeks resistance training on body composition, serum leptin and muscle strength in non-athletic men.
Materials & Methods In this semi-experimental trial, 22 non-athletes male living in dormitory of Zanjan University, who were enrolled in 2011-12 academic year were selected with purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental (n=12) and control (n=10) groups. The experimental group performed training program based on the protocol of Kramer and Ratns for 6 weeks (3 sessions per week). At the beginning and end of the research, muscle strength, body composition and serum leptin were measured. Serum leptin was measured by ELISA. Independent T and paired T tests were used to analysis the data in SPSS 16 software.
Findings After 6 weeks of strength training, changes in serum leptin levels and body composition (fat mass without fat) between the two groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). But in experimental group, the upper and lower body strength training was significantly increased compared with pre-test in control group (p<0.05).
Conclusion It seems that no significant changing in serum leptin levels after a period of resistance training is due to no changing in body fat and not enough exercise, but this training cause in increasing muscle strength.
Materials & Methods In this semi-experimental trial, 22 non-athletes male living in dormitory of Zanjan University, who were enrolled in 2011-12 academic year were selected with purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental (n=12) and control (n=10) groups. The experimental group performed training program based on the protocol of Kramer and Ratns for 6 weeks (3 sessions per week). At the beginning and end of the research, muscle strength, body composition and serum leptin were measured. Serum leptin was measured by ELISA. Independent T and paired T tests were used to analysis the data in SPSS 16 software.
Findings After 6 weeks of strength training, changes in serum leptin levels and body composition (fat mass without fat) between the two groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). But in experimental group, the upper and lower body strength training was significantly increased compared with pre-test in control group (p<0.05).
Conclusion It seems that no significant changing in serum leptin levels after a period of resistance training is due to no changing in body fat and not enough exercise, but this training cause in increasing muscle strength.
CITATION LINKS
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[16]Fatouros IG, Tournis S, Leontsini D, Jamurtas AZ, Sxina M, Thomakos, et al. Leptin and adiponectin responses in overweight inactive elderly following resistance training and detraining are intensity related. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(11):5970-7.
[17]Ibáñez J, Izquierdo M, Martínez-Labari C, Ortega F, Grijalba A, Forga L, et al. Resistance training improves cardiovascular risk factors in obese women despite a significative decrease in serum adiponectin levels. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010;18(3):535-41.
[18]Brzycki M. Strength testing: Predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. J Phys Health Educ Recrea Dance. 1993;64(1):88-90.
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[20]Wilmor JH, Castile DL. Physiology of Sport and Exercise. Volume 1. 4th edition. Moeiny Z, Rahmani Nia F, Rajabi H, Alinezhad HA, Salami F, translators. Tehran: Mobtakeran Publications; 2005. pp. 145-63. [Persian]
[21]Lambert EV, Goedecke JH, Bluett K, Heggie K, Claassen A, Rae DE, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid versus high-oleic acid sunflower oil: Effects on energy metabolism, glucose tolerance, blood lipids, appetite and body composition in regularly exercising individuals. Br J Nutr. 2007;97(5):1001-11.
[22]Loimaala A, Groundstroem K, Rinne M, Nenonen A, Huhtala H, Parkkari J, et al. Effect of long-term endurance and strength training on metabolic control and arterial elasticity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol. 2009;103(7):972-7.
[23]Hojati Z, Rahmaninia F, Soltani B, Rahnama N. Acute effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on serum leptin and some risk factors of coronary heart disease in obese girls. Olympic. 2008;16(2):7-17. [Persian]
[24]Atashak S, Azarbayjani MA, Sharifi H. Effect of three-month progressive resistance training on leptin and Interleukin-6 concentration in obese men. Pejouhandeh. 2011;16(4):154-61. [Persian]
[25]Ryan AS, Pratley RE, Elahi D, Goldberg AP. Changes in plasma leptin and insulin action with resistive training in postmenopausal women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24(1):27-32.
[26]Nindl BC, Kraemer WJ, Arciero PJ, Samatallee N, Leone CD, Mayo MF, et el. Leptin concentrations experience a delayed reduction after resistance exercise in men. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(4):608-13.
[27]De Meloa CM, Tirapeguia J, Cohenb D, Marchinic JS, Lima Ribeiro SM. Nutritional status and energy expenditure after a programme of nutrition education and combined aerobic/resistance training in obese women. E Spen Eur E J Clin Nutr Metab. 2010;5(4):e180-6.
[28]Simsch C, Lormes W, Petersen KG, Baur S, Liu Y, Hackney AC, et al. Training intensity influences leptin and thyroid hormones in highly trained rowers. Int J Sports Med. 2002;23(6):422-7.
[29]Rosa G, Dantas EH, De Mello DB. The response of serum leptin, cortisol and zinc concentrations to concurrent training. Hormones. 2011;10(3):215-21.
[30]Okazaki T, Himeno E, Nanri H, Ogata H, Ikeda M. Effects of mild aerobic exercise and a mild hypocaloric diet on plasma leptin in sedentary women. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1999;26(5-6):415-20.
[31]Earle RW, Baechle TR. NSCA’s essentials of personal training. 1st edition. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics; 2003. pp. 145-63.
[32]Hurley BF, Roth SM. Strength training in the elderly. Sports Med. 2000;30(4):249-68.
[2]American College of Sports Medicine, Kraemer WJ, Adams K, Cafarelli E, Dudley GA, Dooly C, et al. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(2):364-80.
[3]Pollock ML, Franklin BA, Ballady GL, Chairman BL, Flag JL, Fletcher B, et al. AHA Science Advisory: Resistance exercise in individuals with and without cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2000;101(7):828-33.
[4]Cullinen K, Caldwell M. Weight training increases fat-free mass and strength in untrained young women. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998;98(4):414-8.
[5]Eriksson J, Taimela S, Koivisto VA. Exercise and the metabolic syndrome. Diabetologia. 1997;40:125-35.
[6]Otero M, Lago R, Lago F, Casanueva FF, Dieguez C, Gómez-Reino JJ, et al. Leptin, from fat to inflammation: old questions and new insights. FEBS Lett. 2005;579(2):295-301.
[7]Maddah M, Jazayeri A, Mirdamadi R, Eshraghian MR, Jalali M. Sex hormones, leptin and anthropometric indices in men. JRI. 2001;2(2):4-13.
[8]Zafeiridis A, Smilios I, Considine RV, Tokmakidis SP. Serum leptin responses after acute resistance exercise protocols. J Appl Physiol. 2003;94(2):591-7.
[9]Tuominen JA, Ebeling P, Laquier FW, Heiman ML, Stephens T, Koivisto VA. Serum leptin concentration and fuel homeostasis in healthy man. Eur J Clin Invest. 1997;27(3):206-11.
[10]Morley JE. Nutrition and the older female: A review. J Am Coll Nutr. 1993;12(4):337-43.
[11]Della Fera MA, Baile CA. Roles for melanocortins and leptin in adipose tissue apoptosis and fat deposition. Peptides. 2005;26(10):1782-7.
[12]Stieg MR, Sievers C, Farr O, Stalla GK, Mantzoros CS. Leptin: A hormone linking activation of neuroendocrine axes with neuropathology. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015;51:47-57.
[13]Taher Z, Hamednia M, Haghighi H. Investigation of effect of one session moderate and heavy resistance exercise on acute and delayed responses of leptin, insulin, cortisol, testosterone and 24-hour energy expenditure in healthy men. Iran J Endocrinol Metab. 2011;13(1):67-73.
[14]Gippini A, Mato A, Peino R, Lage M, Dieguez C, Casanueva FF. Effect of resistance exercise (body building) training on serum leptin levels in young men. Implications for relationship between body mass index and serum leptin. J Endocrinol Invest. 1999;22(11):824-8.
[15]Lau PWC, Kong Z, Choi CR, Yu CCW, Chan DFY, Sung RYT, et al. Effects of short-term resistance training on serum leptin levels obese adolescents. J Exer Sci Fitness. 2010;8(1):54-60.
[16]Fatouros IG, Tournis S, Leontsini D, Jamurtas AZ, Sxina M, Thomakos, et al. Leptin and adiponectin responses in overweight inactive elderly following resistance training and detraining are intensity related. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(11):5970-7.
[17]Ibáñez J, Izquierdo M, Martínez-Labari C, Ortega F, Grijalba A, Forga L, et al. Resistance training improves cardiovascular risk factors in obese women despite a significative decrease in serum adiponectin levels. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010;18(3):535-41.
[18]Brzycki M. Strength testing: Predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. J Phys Health Educ Recrea Dance. 1993;64(1):88-90.
[19]Kraemer WJ, Ratamess NA. Fundamental of resistance training: Progression and exercise prescription. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004 Apr;36(4):674-88.
[20]Wilmor JH, Castile DL. Physiology of Sport and Exercise. Volume 1. 4th edition. Moeiny Z, Rahmani Nia F, Rajabi H, Alinezhad HA, Salami F, translators. Tehran: Mobtakeran Publications; 2005. pp. 145-63. [Persian]
[21]Lambert EV, Goedecke JH, Bluett K, Heggie K, Claassen A, Rae DE, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid versus high-oleic acid sunflower oil: Effects on energy metabolism, glucose tolerance, blood lipids, appetite and body composition in regularly exercising individuals. Br J Nutr. 2007;97(5):1001-11.
[22]Loimaala A, Groundstroem K, Rinne M, Nenonen A, Huhtala H, Parkkari J, et al. Effect of long-term endurance and strength training on metabolic control and arterial elasticity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol. 2009;103(7):972-7.
[23]Hojati Z, Rahmaninia F, Soltani B, Rahnama N. Acute effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on serum leptin and some risk factors of coronary heart disease in obese girls. Olympic. 2008;16(2):7-17. [Persian]
[24]Atashak S, Azarbayjani MA, Sharifi H. Effect of three-month progressive resistance training on leptin and Interleukin-6 concentration in obese men. Pejouhandeh. 2011;16(4):154-61. [Persian]
[25]Ryan AS, Pratley RE, Elahi D, Goldberg AP. Changes in plasma leptin and insulin action with resistive training in postmenopausal women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24(1):27-32.
[26]Nindl BC, Kraemer WJ, Arciero PJ, Samatallee N, Leone CD, Mayo MF, et el. Leptin concentrations experience a delayed reduction after resistance exercise in men. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(4):608-13.
[27]De Meloa CM, Tirapeguia J, Cohenb D, Marchinic JS, Lima Ribeiro SM. Nutritional status and energy expenditure after a programme of nutrition education and combined aerobic/resistance training in obese women. E Spen Eur E J Clin Nutr Metab. 2010;5(4):e180-6.
[28]Simsch C, Lormes W, Petersen KG, Baur S, Liu Y, Hackney AC, et al. Training intensity influences leptin and thyroid hormones in highly trained rowers. Int J Sports Med. 2002;23(6):422-7.
[29]Rosa G, Dantas EH, De Mello DB. The response of serum leptin, cortisol and zinc concentrations to concurrent training. Hormones. 2011;10(3):215-21.
[30]Okazaki T, Himeno E, Nanri H, Ogata H, Ikeda M. Effects of mild aerobic exercise and a mild hypocaloric diet on plasma leptin in sedentary women. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1999;26(5-6):415-20.
[31]Earle RW, Baechle TR. NSCA’s essentials of personal training. 1st edition. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics; 2003. pp. 145-63.
[32]Hurley BF, Roth SM. Strength training in the elderly. Sports Med. 2000;30(4):249-68.