@2024 Afarand., IRAN

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ISSN: 2383-2150    Journal of Education and Community Health 2020;7(2):105-112

Background
Adolescence is a critical step in implementing health interventions to create a healthy lifestyle, including prevention of osteoporosis.
Previous Studies
… [1–14]. Osteoporosis leads to 1.5 million cases of bone fractures per year, with an estimated annual cost of up to $ 17 billion [10]. It is believed that the best treatment for osteoporosis is prevention because existing treatments only prevent bone loss and cannot regenerate lost tissue [15]. In Australia, for example, the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis have been developed to increase understanding of the disease leading to reduced anxiety to promote healthy behaviors and prevent osteoporosis or facilitate effective management [6]. … [16-25].
Aim(s)
The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the adoption of osteoporosis preventive behaviors (OPB) among high school female students.
Research type
This research was a cross-sectional descriptive study.
Research society, place and time
This study was conducted among 372 girl students of high schools of Qazvin, Iran in 2019.
Sampling method and number
The statistical population consisted of female adolescents studying in high schools in Qazvin in the second half of the academic year 2018-19, of whom 387 students were selected using the multistage random sampling.
Used devices&materials
The data collection tools a demographic information questionnaire and the osteoporosis preventive behaviors questionnaire. The validity and reliability of this tool were assessed by Yekeh Fallah et al. and its reliability using the retest method was reported 0.78 [14]. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 software using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.
Findings by Text
In this study, 387 students were studied, of whom 15 students were excluded due to incomplete questionnaires or unwillingness to continue the study, and a total of 372 students were analyzed (96.1% participation). The average age of the students was 16.81 ±1.83 years, and the highest number of students was in the age group of 17 years. Also, 42.7% of the students were in the tenth grade and 34.1% were studying mathematical physics (Table 1).Also, 144 students (38.7%) reported their good level of health status, and 126 students (33.9%) chose the "somewhat" option to a question asking the level of interest in health-related issues. Regarding the priority to ask about health and illness, parents (146, 39.2%), Internet (111, 29.8%), and physician (85, 22.8%) were the most common. The mean total score for adapting OPB in students was 22.5 ±43.62 out of 36. Also, 235 students (63.2%) had a poor level of adapting OPB and 137 students (36.8%) had a good level. There was a statistically significant relationship between adapting OPB and the level of mother’s education (p = 0.042) so that the chances of having a good level of adapting OPB in students with a mother with a university degree and a diploma were 2.20 and 1.50 times higher than the number of students with a mother with a diploma, respectively. There was also a significant statistical relationship between adapting OPB and health status self-assessment (p = 0.039) so that the chances of having a good level of adapting OPB in students reported themselves at a good, moderate, and bad health status were 0.67, 0.46, and 0.33, respectively, compared with the students with very poor health. There was no significant relationship between the adapting OPB and other demographic and contextual variables (P <0.05; Table 2).
Main comparison to the similar studies
… [26-34]. In the present study, there was no significant statistical relationship between adapting OPB and age and educational variables, which was consistent with the study by Hosseini et al. [35], whereas it was not consistent with the studies by Rada et al. [36] and Peyman et al. [37]. In the present study, there was no significant statistical relationship between the adoption of OPB and parents’ job of and father’s level of education. In the study by Panahi et al., there was also no significant relationship between parents’ job and the adoption of preventive behaviors; however, the level of father's education had a significant relationship with the adoption of preventive behaviors [38].
Suggestions
It is suggested to design and conduct OPB-based educational interventions with an emphasis on the factors influencing OPB according to the present study.
Limitations
The limitations of this study were its small sample size, no analysis of the information of the excluded students, as well as the self-report method to answer the questionnaires.
Conclusions
Mother’s education level and health status self-assessment are effective factors in the adoption of OPB among female students.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful for the financial support of the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences and the cooperation of the General Department of Education of Qazvin Province and the principals and students of the studied high schools in Qazvin.
Conflict of interest
None declared.
Ethical Permissions
This study was approved by the Qazvin University of Medical Sciences (IR.QUMS.REC.1397.197).
Funding Sources
This research was supported by the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences.

TABLES and CHARTS

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