ARTICLE INFO

Article Type

Original Research

Authors

Zeerakee   MR. (*1)
Akhbaree   M. (2)






(*1) Department of Geography, Imam Hoseein University, Tehran, Iran
(2) Department of Geography, Faculty of Literatures and Humanities, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Correspondence

Address: Unit 4, Block 4, Yas 1, Imam Town, Babayee Highway, Tehran, Iran. Postal Code: 1698715461.
Phone: +98 (21) 74188928
Fax: +98 (21) 77105800
rezazeerak@yahoo.com

Article History

Received:  February  6, 2019
Accepted:  December 16, 2021
ePublished:  March 12, 2020

BRIEF TEXT


The distribution of power in Baluchestan into two main formal and informal spectrums has made various regional security problems in recent years.

Baluch people are among the most influential tribes in Iran. Lineage is extremely important for this tribe, and people are more inclined to obey the orders of the tribe's chiefs and Molavis rather than those of the rulers [Shabani & Dehghani, 2015]. The previous regime applied an especial socio-political structure in this region [Papoli Yazdi, 1988]. Tribes' chiefs and Khans with nationalist and centralist attitude had the most social power in the region and used to enforce the central government orders in the region [Maghsoody, 2003]. This power structure was destroyed after the Islamic revolution due to revolution leaders' anti-feudal attitude and made a huge transformation in this region's social and political structure [Ebrahimzadeh, 2012]. The politicization of ethnicity and religion, as well as the conversion of ethnic demands to religious ones, have been the major transformations in this region. A flashback to the past is one of the measures to tackle this problem, which has encountered severe rejection from the clergy who make efforts to prevent central government and tribes' chiefs from converging [Zarqami & Roumina, 2018].

This study aimed to evaluate the Baluch tribe's social power distribution in the Baluch tribe using a grounded theory approach to prepare a conceptual pattern.

This is qualitative research done using grounded theory.

This research is carried out in the Baluch region of Sistan and Baluchestan province, including Khash, Savan, Iranshahr, Sarbaz, Nikshahr, Chabahar, Konarak, and Negour counties. Social experts experienced in ethical issues participated in this study.

The statistical sample size was 17 people who were chosen using a purposeful sampling method.

The information was gathered through semi-structured in-depth interviews and was analyzed by content analysis method using MAXQDA software.

As this is question-based research, the findings should be presented by answering the research questions. The first question is, how is the distribution of social power in the Baluchestan region of Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan)? While reading the authors' text for the first time, 424 segments (each part of the text that helps the researcher understand interviewees' viewpoints about the social power distribution in the region) were extracted, which declined to 216 segments after frequent and continuous readings. The holist main output of the codes and sub-codes relationships graph is presented in Figure 1. With the continuation of the process of code abstraction as a result of rearranging the sub-codes, four codes of ethnic elites, scientific elites, religious elites, and economic elites were produced as the most abstract ones.Finally, some sub-codes were produced for these codes using the software outputs shown in table 1.Which pattern is the optimal pattern of power distribution in the studied region? Basically, the social structure in Baluchestan is a traditional isolated structure because of the stability and inflexibility of the ethnic, social structures. Ethnic structure and lineage are the most important features of the Baluch community. According to the experiences, the destruction of social and martial structures may damage the power hierarchy and make them lose their function. Then, people will be plunged into chaos, making them more desperate to resolve the problems and disagreements. Hence, the proper pattern in power management should be a balanced pattern in which power is distributed among intellectuals, Khans, the clergy (Molavi's), and to some extent, economic beneficiaries. Since such an automatic self-control system among these four cores and their management by the government takes the precaution of making severe conflicts and causing an imbalance in the mentioned three cores. This research might be a proper power balance pattern since the ignorance, empowerment, and severe opposition with each core may cause catastrophic consequences (Figure 2).

There is no comparison.

There is no suggestion reported.

There is no suggestion reported.

Paying attention to the tribes' issues in countries with various tribes is essential for the governments. Baluch tribe, as one of the most ancient tribes in Iran, has been able to maintain the majority of their customs and tribal structures. The high influence of people with social power in the tribes is one of the main themes of this research, which can be used as an opportunity to enjoy the current potentials through proper planning.

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This paper is extracted from a Ph.D. thesis under the supervision of Dr. Mohammad Akhbari, which is done in the Islamic Azad University Central Tehran.

TABLES and CHARTS

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