ARTICLE INFO

Article Type

Original Research

Authors

Safizadeh   E. (1)
Karimi   D. (*2)
Ghafarzadeh   HR. (2)
Poorhashemi   SA (1)






(*2) Department of Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
(1) Department of Environmental Law, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Correspondence

Address: Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University, End of Shahid Sattari Highway, Tehran, Iran. Postal Code: 1477893855
Phone: +98 (21) 44279100
Fax: +98 (21) 44212533
d-karimi@srbiau.ac.ir

Article History

Received:  March  1, 2020
Accepted:  June 17, 2020
ePublished:  June 17, 2020

BRIEF TEXT


Considering the limited number of freshwater resources on the earth, they should be protected against water pollution to improve human health and water quality.

Water resources' pollution is one of the most challenging problems ahead humans, especially in Iran [Rostamabadi & Jalali, 2014]. River water quality is one of the most important health and environmental issues since it is one of the most important available freshwater resources for human consumption [Simeonov et al., 2004]. The environmental impacts of heavy metals discharged from electronic waste recycling were evaluated in China. The results show four types of heavy metals, including Copper, Lead, Cadmium, and Chrome, were extracted from electronic waste recycling. Such cycling processes should be controlled to protect the environment [Song & Li, 2014].

This study aimed to evaluate the environmental impacts of Aras river pollution.

This is an empirical survey carried out using sampling and experimental methods.

The samples were collected from eight selected stations along Aras River from 2019 to 2020.

The samples were collected from a depth of 20 cm and 2m away from the river edge. Three samples were gathered in each station.

There are no used devices and materials reported in this article.

The results of physicochemical parameters analysis of the samples from selected stations on Aras River are shown in Table 3. Chart 1 shows the range of changes, maximum and minimum concentration of the parameters in selected stations. The correlation matrix is shown in Table 4. According to this table, there is a significant correlation between Electric Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, and heavy metals at level 0.01. The correlation between Iron (Fe) and Electric Conductivity (EC) is significant at level 0.01. Moreover, Calcium and Potassium are correlated to each other at level 0.01. There is a correlation between Nitrate, Nitrite, Sodium, Calcium, Potassium, and TDS, but pH is correlated with none of the parameters. Water salinity is the result of both Electric Conductivity and TDS. Electric Conductivity less than 0.7ds/m does not curb the plants' growth; between 0.7 and 3ds/m causes, a moderate curtail of the plants' growth, and more than 3ds/m curtail plants' growth. The lowest and highest recorded EC are 0.789 and 2346 ds/m, which shows both soil and water are not proper for plants' growth. TDS, on the other hand, is the second influential parameter on water salinity. TDS less than 450 mg/L shows no limitation, TDS between 450 to 2000 mg/L shows the moderate limitation, and TDS more than 2000 mg/L shows severe limitation. The average amount of TDS in the studied area is 1211 mg/L, which shows a moderate limitation in terms of salinity. According to the results, all stations except Baba Ahmad dam have moderate and high limitations regarding Total Dissolved Solids. The national permitted amount of this parameter is 1000 mg/L, and the optimal amount is 1500 mg/L. The calculated average with 1211 mg/L is more than the permitted amount. The recorded average pH in the studied area is 8.17, within the national permitted range and meets WHO standards.

The current research results are consistent with the results of a study carried out by Imanpour Namin et al., 2011].

There is no suggestion reported.

There is no limitation reported.

The pollution discharged in Aras upstream threatens people's health and livelihood downstream, influences the region's ecosystem, and has various consequences on agricultural lands. Aras River is the main resource of drinking and agricultural water in most of East Azerbaijan and West Azerbaijan. In this regard, governments' adherence to international principles and controlling the main source of pollution is a must.

None.

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This article is extracted from a Ph.D. thesis on the environment rights carried out in the Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Science and Research Branch, and is funded by the first author.

TABLES and CHARTS

Show attach file


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