@2024 Afarand., IRAN

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ISSN: 2538-4384    Geographical Researches 2020;35(4):367-375

Background
Growing the population of the urban residents has led the urban development into unsustainability. Urban endogenous development is of great importance in achieving urban sustainable development.
Previous Studies
Endogenous development means the expansion of the housing in the scattered pieces of land that remained empty [Listokin et al., 2007]. Anderson et al. (2005) evaluated the endogenous development in cities and its challenges and opportunities. Wallis (2008) showed the relationship between sustainability and endogenous development and proposed some suggestions including revising the plans, financing the endogenous development, non-marketing solutions, regional renovations, and homogenous sustainability aims.
Aim(s)
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various physical, economic, social, and environmental indicators on endogenous development and analyze the spatial features of the endogenous development in district 3 of Isfahan metropolis.
Research type
The current research is empirical-developmental in terms of its aim and descriptive-analytical in terms of the methodology.
Research society, place and time
The current research is carried out in district 3 of Isfahan.
Sampling method and number
The sampling method and number are not reported.
Used devices&materials
The questionnaire and the data from Iran statistics center, Iran population and housing census 2016, and Isfahan statistics in district 3 of Isfahan.
Findings by Text
Every land-use in district 3 is classified into 5 groups and is weighted from 1 to 9. The final weights were calculated using the means (Table 2). The weights show the priority of each indicator in urban endogenous development; the lower scores are top priorities. The results of ANP show that the renewable lands in district 3 of Isfahan are proper for housing. In this area, there is a considerable amount of worn lands.The analysis of the ANP network determined the zones and their priority for endogenous development. District 3 of Isfahan has a proper potential for endogenous development (Table 3).188 ha out of 852 ha has the potential for the renovation for future housing and accommodation of the population. According to the number of family members (3.3 people in Isfahan), the renovated area can accommodate 74361 people (Figure 3).The quorum of the residential area pieces (in areas with medium density) is 200 square meters built in 3 floors. It can be concluded that the worn fabric of district 3 of Isfahan not only is not a social, economic, and physical threat but also can be potential with taking an approach to support and improve this district (Figure 4).The nearest neighbor index was used for the geographical objectivity test of the distribution of the potential zones with high and very high priority for the intervention in district 3 of Isfahan. Accordingly, the distribution pattern of zones with high and very high priority of intervention with z-scoer of -20.85 shows the clustery pattern of these lands' distribution at a level of 99% (Figure 5, p=0.0001). In fact, worn fabric is one of the main problems in urban areas that can be seen in various aspects including the urban fabric, inhabitants' low-income, vulnerable houses, social disadvantageousness and etc. Getis-Ord model was used to detect the spots in district 3 that have higher priority for the intervention. Hotspot analysis, clearly, shows the top priority spots in district 3 of Isfahan. The clusters with higher priority are more abundant in the northern and central parts. While clusters with lower priority can be seen in the southern part that approves the results of the nearest neighbor index. Hence, more valuable neighborhoods in terms of their convenience are located in the central, northern and western parts of the city while the less valuable ones are located in southern and eastern parts of district 3 of Isfahan (Figure 6).
Main comparison to the similar studies
The results of the current study are consistent with the results of Saraei et al. (2016) showing that neighborhoods' residents' cooperation is of great importance in organizing and refurbishing the worn fabrics in the neighborhoods. They, moreover, concluded that economic prosperity and rise in municipalities' income are other outcomes of endogenous development in urban areas. Nastaran & Ghodsi (2017) believe that detection of the potential areas for development in district 1 of Isfahan can be an opportunity for empty lands to be developed.
Suggestions
- Construction of pocket parks and green space to provide recreational areas - Improvement of the legibility and provision of aesthetically pleasant areas inside the worn fabric - Refurbishment of the worn fabric to improve the vertical expansion and take the precaution of the distracted horizontal expansion in outskirts. - Making the fabric more convenient by joining the streets and routes. - Construction of the mechanized multi-story car parks - Designing a proper sewage disposal system - Designing pedestrian areas - Opening the dead ends and designing development stimulating projects - Mass production strategies to control sprawling
Limitations
There is no limitation reported.
Conclusions
Historical worn fabric accounts for almost 70% of the district 3 of Isfahan and non-historical worn fabric accounts for the remained 30%. Buildings age, buildings quality and fineness indices are not in good condition. Large areas are empty lands and ruined places. The northern and central parts are in good condition in terms of the land-uses vicinity. Finally, almost 20% of the whole area in district 3 has the potential for endogenous development.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Shakhes Pajouh institution and Isfahan municipality for their support.
Conflict of interest
None
Ethical Permissions
None
Funding Sources
This paper is extracted from the first author's Ph.D. thesis.

TABLES and CHARTS

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