@2024 Afarand., IRAN
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2016;22(1):51-56
ISSN: 2252-0805 The Horizon of Medical Sciences 2016;22(1):51-56
Comparison of the Effect of Echium amoenum with Buspirone on the Anxiety of Cruciate Maze in Adult Male Rats
ARTICLE INFO
Article Type
Original ResearchAuthors
Javid Z. (1)Hosseini S.E. (*)
(*) Biology Department, Science Faculty, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
(1) Psychology Department, Human Sciences Faculty, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
Correspondence
Address: Science Faculty, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kilometer 5 of Sadra Road, Shiraz, IranPhone: +987143311148
Fax: +987143311172
ebrahim.hossini@yahoo.com
Article History
Received: July 5, 2015Accepted: November 14, 2015
ePublished: December 15, 2015
BRIEF TEXT
… [1-6] Echium amoenum is founded at the northern Iran [7]. The herb contains antioxidant, omega 3, omega 6, potassium nitrate, and calcium minerals [8]. … [9-18]
The severity of the symptoms of morphine withdrawal in the rats can be hugely reduced by buspirone [8]. Hydro-alcoholic extract of Echium amoenum has hypoglycemic effects on the diabetic rats and can change the levels of plasma lipoproteins and lipids [19]. … [20-24]
The aim of this study was to compare the anti-anxiety effects of the extract of Echium amoenum and buspirone that is used in treating anxiety disorders.
This is an experimental study.
Male adult rats weighing 180-200g from Laboratory Animal Breeding Center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were studied in Shiraz Azad University (Iran) in 2015.
80 rats were studied. All the rats were kept at 22±2°C and 12-hour darkness/light cycle.
The rats were randomly divided into two classes including severe and chronic treatments. Each class was divided into 5 groups, each group including 8 rats. The groups were control (without any treatment), witness (receiving distilled water as the medication solvent), and three experimental groups. The last three groups were “receiving 5mg/kg buspirone”, “receiving 150mg/kg hydro-alcoholic extract of Echium amoenum” [25], “receiving 5mg/kg buspirone with 150mg/kg hydro-alcoholic extract of Echium amoenum”. There were 7-day and 14-day treatments in severe and chronic classes, respectively. Percolation method was used to prepare extract of Echium amoenum [25].There was no treatment in control group. In severe and chronic classes, the rats of witness groups received 1ml distilled water daily and for 7 and 14 days, respectively. In addition, the rats of the experimental groups received buspirone, extract of Echium amoenum, and buspirone with the extract of Echium amoenum on the same doses as intra-peritoneal in time similar to witness group. Anxiety levels were measured using Cross Maze test in sever (at the end of the 7th day) and chronic (at the end of the 14th day) groups [26]. 30min after the last injection, the rat was put on the maze center, its head being towards the open arm. Data was analyzed, using SPSS 18 software, One-way ANOVA, and Post-hoc test.
There was a significant increase in the elapsed time percentage and entry times into the open arm of the maze and a significant decrease in the elapsed time and entry times into the closed arm due to 7-day intra-peritoneal administration of buspirone alone and with the extract of Echium amoenum. In addition, there was no significant difference between the anti-anxiety effects of buspirone alone and with the extract of Echium amoenum. However, concerning the percentage of the elapsed time in the open arm, the anti-anxiety effect of the extract of Echium amoenum was solely significantly less than the effects of buspirone alone and with the extract of Echium amoenum. Following 14-day intra-perioneal injection of buspirone, extract of Echium amoenum, and buspiron with the extract of Echium amoenum, there were significant increases in the percentage of the elapsed time and the entry times into the open arm, as well as a significant decrease in the percentage of the elapsed time and entry times into the closed arm, showing a reduction in the anxiety level and an increase in the treatment effect of Echium amoenum alongside a longer consumption term. In addition, there was no significant difference between different experimental groups (Table 1).
Severe and chronic consumptions of busprone and hydro-alcoholic extract of Echium amoenum led to an increase in the percentage of the elapsed time and entry times into the open arm of the cross maze. In addition, the more the treatment length, the higher the effect of the extract was. The results are consistent with some other studies [14, 17, 25, 27, 28]. Aqueous extract of Echium amoenum has anti-anxiety effects on male rats. In addition there has been no mortality among the animals [19]. Echium amoenum has anti-anxiety effects on the patients with mild to moderate anxiety during the treatment period [7]. Hydro-alcoholic extract of Echium amoenum might have anti-anxiety effects [13]. Any reduction in the level of 5HT1A leads to a higher anxiety [29]. … [30-32]
Echium amoenum should be used in preventing or treatment of anxiety.
Non-declared
Both buspirone and the extract of Echium amoenum reduce anxiety. The longer the treatment period, the stronger the effect of Echium amoenum is.
Research Deputy of Shiraz Azad University is appreciated.
Non-declared
All methods in treating the animals were according to the ethical rules.
The study was funded by Research Deputy of Shiraz Azad University.
TABLES and CHARTS
Show attach fileCITIATION LINKS
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[6]Hatano VY, Torricelli AS, Giassi AC, Coslope LA, Viana MB. Anxiolytic effects of repeated treatment with an essential oil from Lippia alba and (R)-(-)-carvone in the elevated T-maze. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2012;45(3):238-43.
[7]Saiah Bargard M, Asadi M, Amini H, Saiah M, Akondzadeh Sh, Kamalianejad M. Efficacy of aqueous extract of Echium amoenum L. in the treatment of mild to moderate major depressive disorder: A randomized double blind clinical trial. J Med Plant. 2004;10(3):61-70. [Persian]
[8]Abolhassani M. Antiviral activity of borage (Echium amoenum). Arch Med Sci. 2010;6(3):366-9.
[9]Salim S, Sarraj N, Taneja M, Saha K, Tejada-Simon MV, Chugh G. Moderate treadmill exercise prevents oxidative stress-induced anxiety-like behavior in rats. Behav Brain Res. 2010;208(2):545-52.
[10]Blanco MM, Costa CA, Freire AO, Santos JJ, Costa M. Neurobe¬havioral effect of essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus in mice. Phytomedicine. 2009;16(2-3):265-70.
[11]Delorme P, Jay M, Ferry S. Phytochemical inventory of indigenous Boraginaceae: study of alkaloids and polyphenolic compounds (antho cyanic and flavonic compounds). Plantes Medicinales et Phytotherapie. 1977;11(1):5-11.
[12]Ciriano MG, Garcia-Herreros C, Larequi E, Valencia I, Ansorena D, Astiasaran I. Use of natural antioxidants from lyophilized wa¬ter extracts of Borago officinalis in dry fermented sausages en¬riched in omega-3 PUFA. Meat Sci. 2009;83(2):271-7.
[13]Faryadyan P, Khosravi A, Faryadian S, Kashiri M, Valizadeh R. The aqueous extract of ziziphora persica cause positive mood on depressive rat. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2014;7(1):137-42.
[14]Gholamzadeh S, Zare S, Ilkhanipoor M. Anxiolytic effect of Echium amoenum during different treatment courses. Res J Biol Sci. 2008;3(2):176-8.
[15]Abed A, Vaseghi G, Jafari E, Fattahian E, Babhadiashar N, Abed M. Echium Amoenum Fisch et mey: A review on its pharmacological and medicinal properties. Asian J Med Pharm Res. 2014;4(4):21-3.
[16]Hosseini A, Shariatifar N. Effects of methanolic extract of Echium amoenum Fisch & Mey on seizure induced by picrotoxin in mice. Horizon Med Sci. 2004;10(2):20-5. [Persian]
[17] Rabbani M, Sajjadi SE, Khalili S. A lack of tolerance to the anxiolytic action of Echium amoenum. Res Pharm Sci. 2011;6(2):101-6.
[18]Abed A, Minaiyan M, Ghannadi A, Mahzouni P, Babavalian MR. Effect of Echium amoenum Fisch et mey a traditional Iranian herbal remedy in an experimental model of acute pancreatitis. ISRN Gastroenterol. 2012;2012:1-7.
[19]Mahmoudi M, Shahidi S, Golmohammadi H, Mohammadi S. The effect of Echium amoenum hydro-alcoholic extract on blood glucose level, lipid profile and lipoproteins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. J Zanjan Univ Med Sci. 2015;23(97):72-81. [Persian]
[20]Velosa JF, Riddle MA. Pharmacologic treatment of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2008;9(1):119-33.
[21]Queiroz CM, Alcântara FB, Yagüe AM, Bibancos T, Frussa-Filho R. Acute buspirone abolishes the expression of behavioral dopaminergic supersensitivity in mice. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2002;35(2):237-42.
[22]Czoty PW, Nader MA. Effects of oral and intravenous administration of buspirone on food–cocaine choice in socially housed male cynomolgus monkeys. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015;40(5):1072-83.
[23]Mohajjel Nayebi A,Asadi M. Effect of buspirone on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice. Pharm Sci. 2009;14(4):229-35. [Persian]
[24]Eslami Shahrbabaki M, Sabzevari L, Haghdoost A, Davari Ashtiani R. A randomized double blind crossover study on the effectiveness of buspirone and methylphenidate in treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol. 2013;18(4):284-92.
[25]Komaki A, Rasouli B, Shahidi S. Anxiolytic effect of Borago officinalis (boraginaceae) extract in male rats. Avicenna J Neuro Psych Physio. 2015;2(1):e27189.
[26]Hosseini SE, Hamzavi S, Agh baba H. The effects of alcoholic extract of Red poppy (Papaver rhoeas) on anxiety induced by elevated plus maze and the plasma corticosterone levels in adult male Wistar rats. J Sabzevar Univ Med Sci. 2015;22(4):557-64. [Persian]
[27]Sayyah M, Sayyah M, Kamalinejad M. A preliminary randomized double blind clinical trial on the efficacy of aqueous extract of Echium amoenum in the treatment of mild to moderate major depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2006;30(1):166-9.
[28]Wu CF, Liu YL, Song M, Liu W, Wang JH, Li X, et al. Protective effects of pseudoginsenoside-F11 on methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003;76(1):103-9.
[29]Akimova E, Lanzenberger R, Kasper S. The serotonin-1A receptor in anxiety disorders. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;66(7):627-35.
[30]Artigas F, Adell A, Celada P. Pindolol augmentation of antidepressant response. Curr Drug Targets. 2006;7(2):139-47.
[31]Lanzenberger RR, Mitterhauser M, Spindelegger C, Wadsak W, Klein N, Mien LK, et al. Reduced serotonin-1A receptor binding in social anxiety disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2007;61(9):1081-9.
[32]Byers AL, Yaffe K, Covinsky KE, Friedman MB, Bruce ML. High occurrence of mood and anxiety disorders among older adults: The national comorbidity survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67(5):489-96.
[2]Drayer RA, Piraino B, Reynolds CF, Houck PR, Mazumdar S, Bernardini J, et al. Characteristics of depression in hemodialysis patients: Symptoms, quality of life and mortality Risk. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2006;28(4):306-12.
[3]Strine TW, Chapman DP, Kobau R, Balluz L, Mokdad AH. Depression, anxiety, and physical impairments and quality of life in the U.S. no institutionalized population. Psychiatr Serv. 2004;55(12):1408-13.
[4]Hosseini E, Tadayon Z. The effectiveness of drug therapy, relaxation and compound therapy on anxiety reduction, level of epinephrine and norepinephrine among patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Pars J Med Sci. 2013;10(4):61-8. [Persian]
[5]Muschalla B, Linden M, Olbrich D. The relationship between job-anxiety and trait-anxiety-a differential diagnostic investigation with the Job-Anxiety-Scale and the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory. J Anxiety Disord. 2010;24(3):366-71.
[6]Hatano VY, Torricelli AS, Giassi AC, Coslope LA, Viana MB. Anxiolytic effects of repeated treatment with an essential oil from Lippia alba and (R)-(-)-carvone in the elevated T-maze. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2012;45(3):238-43.
[7]Saiah Bargard M, Asadi M, Amini H, Saiah M, Akondzadeh Sh, Kamalianejad M. Efficacy of aqueous extract of Echium amoenum L. in the treatment of mild to moderate major depressive disorder: A randomized double blind clinical trial. J Med Plant. 2004;10(3):61-70. [Persian]
[8]Abolhassani M. Antiviral activity of borage (Echium amoenum). Arch Med Sci. 2010;6(3):366-9.
[9]Salim S, Sarraj N, Taneja M, Saha K, Tejada-Simon MV, Chugh G. Moderate treadmill exercise prevents oxidative stress-induced anxiety-like behavior in rats. Behav Brain Res. 2010;208(2):545-52.
[10]Blanco MM, Costa CA, Freire AO, Santos JJ, Costa M. Neurobe¬havioral effect of essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus in mice. Phytomedicine. 2009;16(2-3):265-70.
[11]Delorme P, Jay M, Ferry S. Phytochemical inventory of indigenous Boraginaceae: study of alkaloids and polyphenolic compounds (antho cyanic and flavonic compounds). Plantes Medicinales et Phytotherapie. 1977;11(1):5-11.
[12]Ciriano MG, Garcia-Herreros C, Larequi E, Valencia I, Ansorena D, Astiasaran I. Use of natural antioxidants from lyophilized wa¬ter extracts of Borago officinalis in dry fermented sausages en¬riched in omega-3 PUFA. Meat Sci. 2009;83(2):271-7.
[13]Faryadyan P, Khosravi A, Faryadian S, Kashiri M, Valizadeh R. The aqueous extract of ziziphora persica cause positive mood on depressive rat. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2014;7(1):137-42.
[14]Gholamzadeh S, Zare S, Ilkhanipoor M. Anxiolytic effect of Echium amoenum during different treatment courses. Res J Biol Sci. 2008;3(2):176-8.
[15]Abed A, Vaseghi G, Jafari E, Fattahian E, Babhadiashar N, Abed M. Echium Amoenum Fisch et mey: A review on its pharmacological and medicinal properties. Asian J Med Pharm Res. 2014;4(4):21-3.
[16]Hosseini A, Shariatifar N. Effects of methanolic extract of Echium amoenum Fisch & Mey on seizure induced by picrotoxin in mice. Horizon Med Sci. 2004;10(2):20-5. [Persian]
[17] Rabbani M, Sajjadi SE, Khalili S. A lack of tolerance to the anxiolytic action of Echium amoenum. Res Pharm Sci. 2011;6(2):101-6.
[18]Abed A, Minaiyan M, Ghannadi A, Mahzouni P, Babavalian MR. Effect of Echium amoenum Fisch et mey a traditional Iranian herbal remedy in an experimental model of acute pancreatitis. ISRN Gastroenterol. 2012;2012:1-7.
[19]Mahmoudi M, Shahidi S, Golmohammadi H, Mohammadi S. The effect of Echium amoenum hydro-alcoholic extract on blood glucose level, lipid profile and lipoproteins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. J Zanjan Univ Med Sci. 2015;23(97):72-81. [Persian]
[20]Velosa JF, Riddle MA. Pharmacologic treatment of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2008;9(1):119-33.
[21]Queiroz CM, Alcântara FB, Yagüe AM, Bibancos T, Frussa-Filho R. Acute buspirone abolishes the expression of behavioral dopaminergic supersensitivity in mice. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2002;35(2):237-42.
[22]Czoty PW, Nader MA. Effects of oral and intravenous administration of buspirone on food–cocaine choice in socially housed male cynomolgus monkeys. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015;40(5):1072-83.
[23]Mohajjel Nayebi A,Asadi M. Effect of buspirone on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice. Pharm Sci. 2009;14(4):229-35. [Persian]
[24]Eslami Shahrbabaki M, Sabzevari L, Haghdoost A, Davari Ashtiani R. A randomized double blind crossover study on the effectiveness of buspirone and methylphenidate in treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Iran J Psychiatry Clin Psychol. 2013;18(4):284-92.
[25]Komaki A, Rasouli B, Shahidi S. Anxiolytic effect of Borago officinalis (boraginaceae) extract in male rats. Avicenna J Neuro Psych Physio. 2015;2(1):e27189.
[26]Hosseini SE, Hamzavi S, Agh baba H. The effects of alcoholic extract of Red poppy (Papaver rhoeas) on anxiety induced by elevated plus maze and the plasma corticosterone levels in adult male Wistar rats. J Sabzevar Univ Med Sci. 2015;22(4):557-64. [Persian]
[27]Sayyah M, Sayyah M, Kamalinejad M. A preliminary randomized double blind clinical trial on the efficacy of aqueous extract of Echium amoenum in the treatment of mild to moderate major depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2006;30(1):166-9.
[28]Wu CF, Liu YL, Song M, Liu W, Wang JH, Li X, et al. Protective effects of pseudoginsenoside-F11 on methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003;76(1):103-9.
[29]Akimova E, Lanzenberger R, Kasper S. The serotonin-1A receptor in anxiety disorders. Biol Psychiatry. 2009;66(7):627-35.
[30]Artigas F, Adell A, Celada P. Pindolol augmentation of antidepressant response. Curr Drug Targets. 2006;7(2):139-47.
[31]Lanzenberger RR, Mitterhauser M, Spindelegger C, Wadsak W, Klein N, Mien LK, et al. Reduced serotonin-1A receptor binding in social anxiety disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2007;61(9):1081-9.
[32]Byers AL, Yaffe K, Covinsky KE, Friedman MB, Bruce ML. High occurrence of mood and anxiety disorders among older adults: The national comorbidity survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67(5):489-96.