ARTICLE INFO

Article Type

Original Research

Authors

Nyasty   F. (1)
Oryan   Sh. (1)
Sofiabadi   M. (*)
Eslimi Esfahani   D. (1)






(*) Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
(1) Animal Science Department, Faculty of Sciences, Khwarizmi University, Tehran, Iran

Correspondence

Address: Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar Street, Qazvin, Iran. Postal Code: 3419759811
Phone: +98 (28) 33336001
Fax: +98 (28) 33324970
mohasofi@yahoo.com

Article History

Received:  May  24, 2016
Accepted:  October 16, 2016
ePublished:  January 19, 2017

BRIEF TEXT


Given the high prevalence of epilepsy and problems arising from it, doing any research to complete cure of this disease or to reduce side effects of the current treatments is necessary [1, 2].

… [3-10]. Some studies have indicated that the effects of Ducrosia anethifolia is related to benzodiazepine-related components that it contains. For instance IP-Zhenin in Ducrosia anethifolia has ligands for benzodiazepine receptors [11, 12]. All of these evidences reinforce the effectiveness of Ducrosia anethifolia on epilepsy. Pentyleneterazole (PTZ) is a synthetic peptide which has the power to induce seizures and it has application in seizure generation [13].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intraperitoneal injection of hydroalcoholic Extract of Ducrosia anethifolia on Pentylenetetrazol-Induced seizure in Male Wistar Rats

This is an experimental study.

This study was conducted in Ghazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2015.

48 male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 grams were used which kept in animal home with 12 hours of darkness and 12 hours of light. During this time, they were provided with enough food and water, and the temperature was set at 23 ° C. Rats were randomly divided into 6 8-rats groups including: control group (receiving saline), the groups receiving extracts of Ducrosia anethifolia at doses of 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg and positive control group (receiving diazepam as anticonvulsant drug at dose of 1 mg/kg).

Pentyleneterazole (Sigma, United States) with dose of 80 mg/kg was injected in form of intraperitoneal. Seizure behaviors of the animals (onset seizures in forelimb and duration of tonic and clonic seizures and mortality from seizures in each group was registered up to half an hour and 24 hours later respectively. Extraction methods: aerial parts of Ducrosia anethifolia were collected by herbarium professors of Institutes of Medicinal Plants from the height of 1200 meters in Kerman province and dried in the shade. After grinding, 20 grams of obtained powder was dissolved in 100 ml of alcohol of 70 degrees; then it was placed in Suckcele device for 8 hours. The extract is then collected by passing through No.1 Filter paper, and it was placed in 37 ° C glass container to evaporate the solvent. The remaining dried extract was stored in a glass container in the refrigerator. When necessary, the obtained extract powder was being weighted at the required dose and was being dissolved in saline solution; and then it was being injected to rats on a daily basis. After data collection, normality of data was confirmed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and to compare groups mutually, post hoc Tukey test was used. For these analyses, SPSS 16 software was used.

In all groups, after PTZ injection and a short latency, seizures were occurred. The effect of Ducrosia anethifolia on the onset of seizure in forelimbs: pretreatment with different doses of Ducrosia anethifolia caused the increase delay in the onset of the seizure. This increase was significant in the group which received the extract at dose of 2 mg (p<0.05) and positive control group which received diazepam as antiepileptic drug (p<0001) compared to the control group. The latest seizure onset was related to the positive control group. The effect of Ducrosia anethifolia extract on duration of tonic seizure: different doses of Ducrosia anethifolia extract reduced the duration of tonic seizure that this reduction was significant at dose of 1 mg/kg (p<0.05) and at dose of 2 mg/kg (p<0.001) compared to the control group. In this respect, the positive control group had the minimum duration of tonic seizure compared to the control group (p<0.0001). The effect of Ducrosia anethifolia extract on the duration of tonic-clonic seizure: different doses of Ducrosia anethifolia extract, dose-dependently, reduced the duration of tonic-clonic seizure that it was significant at dose of 2 mg/kg (p<0.05) compared to the control group. Positive control group had the minimum duration of tonic-clonic seizure (p<0.0001). The effect of Ducrosia anethifolia extract on the total duration of seizure: Pretreatment with the Ducrosia anethifolia extract, dose-dependently reduced the total duration of seizure that this reduction was significant at doses of 0.25 mg/kg (p<0.05), 0.5mg/kg (p<0.001), and 2mg/kg (p<0.0001) compared to the control group. The group which was treated with diazepam as anticonvulsant drug had the total seizure duration of 375.19 seconds and it had significant difference compared to the control group (p<0.0001) The effect of Ducrosia anethifolia extract on the mortality rate from seizure: different doses of extract reduced the mortality in the animals that this reduction was significant at doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg (p<0.001) and at dose of 0.5 mg/kg (p<0.05) compared to the control group. The highest level of protection against the mortality was observed at dose of 1 mg/kg. Also, the group which was pretreated with diazepam, had no mortality during the 24 hours after the injection (Table 1).

… [14-19]. It has been reported that the plant Ducrosia anethifolia has had analgesic effects and these effects are through simulating the opioid receptors in the central nerve system. Since opioid receptor agonist often leads to inhibition of calcium influx into postsynaptic neurons in the central nervous system, stimulation of opioid receptors may also be involved in its anticonvulsant effects [20, 21]. … [22-26].

It is suggested that additional research be done to identify effective components of this substance on the seizure.

One of the limitations of this study was the lack of funding that limited the possibility of investigating more concentrations.

Intraperitoneal injection of hydroalchohalic extract of Ducrosia anethifolia plant effectively reduces the symptoms of PTZ-induced seizure in male Wistar rats.

Support and cooperation of kharazmi University, and Department of Physiology of Ghazvin University of Medical Sciences in the study are sincerely appreciated.

Non-declared.

For conducting this study, ethical considerations related to animal work was in compliance with what was approved by the University Ethics Committee.



TABLES and CHARTS

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